【转】docker install on windows

Docker with boot2docker for Windows Tutorial

This tutorial walks you through the basics of using a Java app server (WildFly) via a Linux container, running on Windows with boot2docker. We have been testing this tutorial on Windows 7 and 8.1, you will notice that the screenshots come from either of those versions as this document has been tested and maintained.

There are notes for people running on Macs as well.

First follow installation steps for boot2docker:

Unless you already have VirtualBox installed, install all the components.

Mac: The docker and boot2docker binaries are in /usr/local/bin which you can access from your terminal. Windows: The boot2docker binary lands in C:\Program Files\Boot2Docker for Windows

Tip 1: where does the boot2docker VM ISO land on a Windows?

Windows: C:\Users\Burr\.boot2docker\boot2docker.iso

Mac: ~/.boot2docker/boot2docker.iso

Tip 2: where does the boot2docker instance land on Windows installation of VirtualBox

C:\Users\Burr\VirtualBox VMs\boot2docker-vm

Tip 3: Window Size Width 160 - docker ps is best displayed with lots of width

You can make this change on the Boot2Docker Start command window as well

Tip 4: VirtualBox before `boot2docker init`

VirtualBox installed prior to boot2docker has no mention of boot2docker until we useboot2docker init. Also, if you have previously installed boot2docker, you can often useboot2docker upgrade to simply update to the latest version.

Explore Docker

Look for and select the Boot2Docker Start menu option in your Start Menu

Or use start.sh to launch the command prompt (not the normal Windows command prompt)

You should be able to double-click on start.sh in C:\Program Files\Boot2Docker for Windows

If you successfully launch start.sh, it will execute up, status and ip, therefore you can skip to step 8 below. Do make note of the IP address that is printed out, you will need it later.

If there are error messages (and there normally are for a brand new installation), read steps 2 through 7 for some alternative ways to get boot2docker up and happy
You might also execute boot2docker commands from the Windows (DOS) Command Prompt aka "cmd.exe" and type

boot2docker version

Note: We have seen this fail on some systems. There will be some workarounds listed in step 3 below.

Tip: on Windows 8.1, the Command Prompt is accessible if you hit the Windows key and X then C on the keyboard
boot2docker init

You should see the boot2docker-vm listed in VirtualBox Manager

Note: This might result in
```
error in run: Error generating new SSH Key into C:\Users\Burr\.ssh\id_boot2docker: exec: "ssh-******": executable file not found in %PATH%
```
If so, then fall back to the Boot2Docker Start menu option calling "start.sh".

There is another SSH related error that shows up, basically ssh.exe can not be found in the %PATH%. Use Control Panel to add the C:\Program Files(x86)\Git\bin to your PATH
boot2docker up

Look for the following on Windows:

Now, if you check the VirtualBox GUI you will see the boot2docker-vm running:

Watch out for "VT-x is disabled in BIOS" errors If virtualization has not been enabled in your machines BIOS, you could see the following error:

Or, if you hit the Start button inside the VirtualBox Manager directly

If you see this error, you will need to update your BIOS settings accordingly.

BIOS for Lenovo T440s

Watch for the following on Mac OSX:

Copy and paste the export statements you are provided with in to your terminal. If you get this step wrong, when you try further commands, you may see an error message like:
boot2docker status

Note: When it is time to shutdown, run boot2docker down
boot2docker ip

You will need this later!
boot2docker ssh

From this point forward, you will be inside of a Linux shell, using Linux commands
docker version
docker info
docker
docker images
docker ps -a
docker run centos /bin/echo "Hello World"

This will take some time if this is the first run of the "centos" image

If you run the same command again, you will notice that is runs immediately, no download required. A Docker container starts incredibly fast when compared to traditional virtual machine technology.

To prove that point, run the same command again.

Note: the container stops as soon as it finishes the /bin/echo command
On Windows, with boot2docker 1.3.x, the Users directory is shared as /c/Users

ls /c/Users

This shared folder will allow you to add and edit files using your traditional Windows tools instead of having to learn vi or nano.

Using your File Explorer, create a demo sub-directory to your home directory and then use a ls -l to see it via the boot2docker-vm (in this example Burr is the username):

ls -l /c/Users/Burr/demo

In this screenshot, I already some sample projects in my C:\Users\Burr\demo directory

Note: We won't be using "demo" in this tutorial, the goal here was to let you see the connection between /c/Users and C:\Users
docker run -i -t centos /bin/bash
```
-i means interactive and
-t allows your keyboard input
```
You can also use -it as well as -i -t. Remember this trick - if you have an app server failing to start, you can see the console output and review the logs by using "-it"

If this is your first time running the centos image, it may take over a minute to download.

You are now running inside of the Centos-based container, to prove that point, use the following command

cat /etc/system-release

Type exit to leave the container and drop back into the boot2docker-vm shell.
docker ps

There should be no currently running containers since exit terminated the last centos container
docker ps -a

but there have been previously run containers
docker images

shows local images
docker pull centos/wildfly

Docker Hub contains a large number of pre-configured images that are ready to use via a simple "pull" e.g. https://registry.hub.docker.com/u/centos/wildfly/

run does an implicit "pull" if the image is not already downloaded

Docker images are typically identified by two words "owner"/"imagename" The centos/wildflyimage includes nice documentation on how to use it - we will be following several of those steps next.
docker run -it centos/wildfly

The t is important so you can Ctrl-C to stop wildfly and the container.

Hit Ctrl-C and run a docker ps to see that the container has been stopped.

In this particular case, the WildFly instance does not expose any ports to the outside world, let's try that next.
docker run -it -p 8080:8080 centos/wildfly

If you remember the IP address you can use your favorite browser to hit the server. If you forgot to make note of your IP address earlier, you can open another session into boot2docker. Just go back to the Windows Start menu and select Boot2Docker Start or run start.sh. You might wish to keep both boot2docker sessions open as it allows you to docker run an app server via "-it" in one window and then "docker ps" or "docker logs" in another window.

Press Ctrl-C to terminate the WildFly container.
docker history centos/wildfly

The history command allows you to see more detail into how the image was crafted

Modify the image and provide our own custom Java application

If you remember way back to ls /c/Users/Burr/demo, the Users directory on your Windows host is shared with the boot2docker-vm (thanks to VirtualBox Guest Additions). In your home directory, create a directory called docker_projects that is a sibling of demo. You can create the directory from within the boot2docker-vm with the following command (or just use File Explorer).
```
mkdir /c/Users/Burr/docker_projects
```
Use your home directory name in place of "Burr"

and then create a sub-directory called myapp
```
mkdir /c/Users/Burr/docker_projects/myapp
```
You can create the "myapp" directory via Windows Explorer or the boot2docker-vm shell

and then change to the directory, it is important that you do this inside of the boot2docker-vm shell
```
cd /c/Users/Burr/docker_projects/myapp
```
In the myapp directory, create a text file called Dockerfile, with no extension.

On Windows you might use the Atom editor from Atom.io for text editing.
Edit the newly created Dockerfile and add the following two lines:
```
FROM centos/wildfly

COPY javaee6angularjs.war /opt/wildfly/standalone/deployments/
```
Note: On Macs, we have seen Wildfly have a permissions problem with the .war. The workaround is to switch to Root and use chown to make the ajustment to the .war file by adding the following two lines:
```
USER root
RUN chown wildfly:wildfly /opt/wildfly/standalone/deployments/javaee6angularjs.war
```
The trailing "/" does matter

You can find javaee6angularjs.war athttps://github.com/burrsutter/docker_tutorial/blob/master/javaee6angularjs.war?raw=trueDownload the war and copy it to the myapp directory.
Back in the boot2docker ssh session
```
docker build --tag=myapp .
```
the trailing "." is important

Use the docker docker images command to see if the image was created
Let's see if that worked
```
docker run -it -p 8080:8080 myapp
```
you should see the deployment of javaee6angularjs.war in the wildfly console logging
And test the app via your browser http://192.168.59.105:8080/javaee6angularjs

The IP address in my screenshots change from time to time as this document has been maintained. Just make sure to remember YOUR IP address as seen via start.sh or boot2docker ip

Now it is time for a victory dance around the room! You have your first Java EE application deployed as part of a Docker container. Remember, Ctrl-C to shut down the app server.

Extra Credit

Run detached

You could also use a -d instead of -it to run the container detached, in the background
```
docker run -d -p 8080:8080 myapp
```
If detached, you will need to use docker ps to see the active containers and then usedocker stop CONTAINER_ID and docker rm CONTAINER_ID

Note: Docker automatically generated the name "agitated_hawking" which you can use instead of the CONTAINER_ID
Container naming

Adding a --name=some_name allows you to give override the default name of agitated_hawking or whatever was randomly assigned to your container by Docker
```
docker run --name=myapp_is_running -d -p 8080:8080 myapp
```
Viewing logs
```
docker logs myapp_is_running
```
and you can docker stop myapp_is_running when it is time to shutdown the -d detached app server container
Dive into a live container
```
 docker exec -it myapp_is_running bash

 cd /opt/wildfly/standalone/log
 tail server.log
```
This is a very useful technique if you find things are misbehaving and you wish poke around inside the running container.

Cleanup

OPTIONAL - Clean Slate: If you wish to completely clean up and run through the above steps again:

Remove/Delete all containers
```
docker rm `docker ps -a -q`
```
the back ticks are important! You might also need to "stop" or "kill" any containers that are running and will not remove.
```
docker ps -a
docker stop CONTAINER_ID
docker kill CONTAINER_ID
```
Replace CONTAINER_ID with the id seen in the docker ps results.
Remove/Delete all images
```
docker rmi `docker images -a -q`
```
watch those back ticks again
Exit the boot2docker-vm shell, back at the Windows Command Prompt
```
boot2docker down
boot2docker destroy
```
or if boot2docker from the command line is causing you problems, there is "Delete Boot2Docker VM" Start menu option which maps to delete.sh

and to re-make the boot2docker-vm
```
boot2docker init
boot2docker up
```
On Windows C:\Users\burr\.boot2docker contain files associated with your installation and I have seen .boot2docker not be uninstalled properly, manual deletion may be necessary

Check out the follow-on tutorial for adding MySQL.https://github.com/burrsutter/docker_mysql_tutorial

from：https://github.com/burrsutter/docker_tutorial