外星人大战（二)

好久没更新啦

今天为大家更新一下剩下的所有代码

创建一个alien.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sun Sep 23 19:48:22 2018

@author: rain
"""

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite

class Alien(Sprite):
    """表示单个外星人并设置起始位置"""
    def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen):
        """初始化外星人并设置起始位置"""
        super(Alien,self).__init__()
        self.screen =screen
        self.ai_settings =ai_settings
        
        #加载外星人图像，并设置其rect属性
        self.image =pygame.image.load('images/alien.bmp')
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        
        #每个外星人最初都在屏幕左上角附近
        self.rect.x =self.rect.width
        self.rect.y =self.rect.height
        
        #存储外星人的准确位置
        self.x = float(self.rect.x)
        
    def blitme(self):
        """在制定位置绘制外星人"""
        self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)
    
    def check_edges(self):
        """如果外星人位于屏幕边缘，就返回True"""
        screen_rect =self.screen.get_rect()
        if self.rect.right >= screen_rect.right:
            return True
        elif self.rect.left <= 0:
            return True
        
    def update(self):
        """向右或者向左移动外星人"""
        self.x += (self.ai_settings.alien_speed_factor * self.ai_settings.fleet_direction)
        self.rect.x = self.x

 

 

在创建一个bullet.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sun Sep 23 17:32:44 2018

@author: rain
"""
import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite


class Bullet(Sprite):
   """一个对飞船发射的子弹进行管理的类"""
   def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen,ship):
       
       """在飞船所处的位置创建一个子弹对象"""
       super(Bullet,self).__init__()
       self.screen=screen
        
       #在(0,0)处创建一个表示子弹的矩形，在设置正确的位置
       self.rect=pygame.Rect(0,0,ai_settings.bullet_width,ai_settings.bullet_height)
       self.rect.centerx=ship.rect.centerx
       self.rect.top=ship.rect.top
       #存储用小数表示的子弹位置
       self.y=float(self.rect.y)
        
       self.color = ai_settings.bullet_color
       self.speed_factor=ai_settings.bullet_speed_factor
   def update(self):
       """向上移动子弹"""
       #更新表示子弹位置的小数值
       self.y -=self.speed_factor
       #更新表示子弹的rect的位置
       self.rect.y =self.y
        
   def draw_bullet(self):
       """在屏幕上绘制子弹"""
       pygame.draw.rect(self.screen,self.color,self.rect)
        

 

在创建一个管理按钮的属性   button.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Mon Sep 24 12:48:29 2018

@author: rain
"""

import pygame.font

class Button():
    def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen,msg):
        """初始化按钮的属性"""
        self.screen =screen
        self.screen_rect =screen.get_rect()
        
        #设置按钮的尺寸和其他属性
        self.width,self.height =200,50
        self.button_color =(0,255,0)
        self.text_color =(255,255,255)
        self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None,48)
        
        #创建按钮的rect对象，并使其居中
        self.rect =pygame.Rect(0,0,self.width,self.height)
        self.rect.center =self.screen_rect.center
        
        #按钮的标签只需创建一次
        self.prep_msg(msg)
    def prep_msg(self,msg):
        """将msg渲染为图像，并使其在按钮上居中"""
        self.msg_image = self.font.render(msg,True,self.text_color,self.button_color)
        self.msg_image_rect = self.msg_image.get_rect()
        self.msg_image_rect.center = self.rect.center

    def draw_button(self):
        #绘制一个用颜色填充的按钮，在绘制文本
        self.screen.fill(self.button_color,self.rect)
        self.screen.blit(self.msg_image,self.msg_image_rect)
        
        
        

难道你以为这就完了吗？

不，还有game_function.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Tue Sep 11 16:20:57 2018

@author: rain
"""

import sys
import pygame
from bullet import Bullet
from alien import Alien
from time import sleep
def check_keydown_events(event,ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets):
    '''相应按键'''
    if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
        ship.moving_right =True
    elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
        ship.moving_left =True
    elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
        #创建一颗子弹，并将其加入到编组bullets中
        fire_bullet(ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets)
    elif event.key == pygame.K_q:
        sys.exit()
        
def fire_bullet(ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets):
    """如果还没有达到限制，就发射一颗子弹"""
    if len(bullets)<ai_settings.bullets_allowed:
        new_bullet=Bullet(ai_settings,screen,ship)
        bullets.add(new_bullet)
        
def check_keyup_events(event,ship):
    '''相应松开'''
    if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
        ship.moving_right =False
    elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
        ship.moving_left =False
        
        
def check_events(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets):
    """响应按键和鼠标事件"""
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            sys.exit()
            
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            #响应按键
            check_keydown_events(event,ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets)
            
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
            check_keyup_events(event,ship)
        elif event.type ==pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            mouse_x,mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
            check_play_button(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets,mouse_x,mouse_y)

def check_play_button(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets,
                      mouse_x,mouse_y):
    """在玩家单击Play按钮时开始新游戏"""
    button_clicked = play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x,mouse_y)
    if play_button and not stats.game_active:
        #重置游戏设置
        ai_settings.initialize_dynamic_settings()
        #隐藏光标
        pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
        #重置游戏统计信息
        stats.reset_stats()
        stats.game_active = True   
        
        #重置记分牌图像
        sb.prep_score()
        sb.prep_high_score()
        sb.prep_level()
        sb.prep_ships()
        
        #清空外星人列表和子弹列表
        aliens.empty()
        bullets.empty()
        
        #创建一群新的外星人，并让飞船剧中
        create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)
        ship.center_ship()
                
            
def update_screen(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets,play_button):
    
    screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color)
    #在飞船和外星人后面重绘所有子弹
    for bullet in bullets.sprites():
        bullet.draw_bullet()
    ship.blitme()
    aliens.draw(screen)
    #显示得分
    sb.show_score()
    
    #如果游戏处于非活动状态，就绘制Play按钮
    if not stats.game_active:
        play_button.draw_button()
        
    #让最近绘制的屏幕可见
    pygame.display.flip()
    
def update_bullets(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):
    """更新子弹的位置，并删除已经消失的子弹"""
    #更新子弹的位置
    bullets.update()
    #删除已消失的子弹
    for bullet in bullets.copy():
            if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0:
                bullets.remove(bullet)
    check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)
def check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):
    #检查是否有子弹去击中了外星人
    #如果是这样，就删除相应的子弹和外星人
    """相应子弹和外星人的碰撞"""
    #删除发生碰撞的子弹和外星人
    collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets,aliens,True,True)
    
    if collisions:
        for aliens in collisions.values():
            stats.score +=ai_settings.alien_points
            sb.prep_score()
        check_high_score(stats,sb)
    if len(aliens) == 0:
        #如果整群外星人都被消灭，就提高一个等级
        bullets.empty()
        ai_settings.increase_speed()
        
        #提高等级
        stats.level +=1
        sb.prep_level()
        create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)
def get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings,alien_width):
    """计算每行可容纳多少个外星人"""
    available_space_x = ai_settings.screen_width -2 * alien_width
    number_aliens_x =int(available_space_x/(2*alien_width))
    return number_aliens_x
    
def get_number_rows(ai_settings,ship_height,alien_height):
    """计算屏幕可容纳多少行外星人"""
    available_space_y =(ai_settings.screen_height-(3*alien_height)-ship_height)
    number_rows=int(available_space_y/(2*alien_height))
    return number_rows

def create_alien(ai_settings,screen,aliens,alien_number,row_number):
    """创建一个外星人并将其放在当前行"""
    alien = Alien(ai_settings,screen)
    alien_width = alien.rect.width
    alien.x = alien_width +2*alien_width*alien_number
    alien.rect.x = alien.x
    alien.rect.y = alien.rect.height +2 * alien.rect.height * row_number
    aliens.add(alien)
        
        
def create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens):

    #创建一个外星人，并计算一行可容纳多少个万星人
    #外星人间距位外星人宽度
    alien =Alien(ai_settings,screen)
    number_aliens_x =get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings,alien.rect.width)
    number_rows = get_number_rows(ai_settings,ship.rect.height,alien.rect.height)
    """创建外星人群"""
    for row_number in range(number_rows):
        for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x):
            create_alien(ai_settings,screen,aliens,alien_number,row_number)
   
def check_fleet_edges(ai_settings,aliens):
    """有外星人到达边缘时采取相应的措施"""
    for alien in aliens.sprites():
        if alien.check_edges():
            change_fleet_direction(ai_settings,aliens)
            break
def change_fleet_direction(ai_settings,aliens):
    """将整群万星人下移，并改变他们的方向"""
    for alien in aliens.sprites():
        alien.rect.y += ai_settings.fleet_drop_speed
    ai_settings.fleet_direction *= -1

def ship_hit(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):
    """响应飞船被外星人撞到的飞船"""
    if stats.ships_left >0:
        #将ships_left减1
        stats.ships_left -= 1
        
        #更新记分牌
        sb.prep_ships()
        
        #清空外星人列表和子弹列表
        aliens.empty()
        bullets.empty()
        #创建一群心得外星人，并将飞船放到屏幕低端中央
        create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)
        ship.center_ship()
        
        #暂停
        sleep(0.5)
    else:
        stats.game_active = False
        pygame.mouse.set_visible(True)
    
def check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):
    """检查是否有外星人到达了屏幕底端"""
    screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
    for alien in aliens.sprites():
        if alien.rect.bottom >=screen_rect.bottom:
            #像飞船被碰撞到一样进行处理
            ship_hit(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)
            break
def update_aliens(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):
    """检查是否有外星人位于屏幕边缘，并更新整群外星人的位置"""
    check_fleet_edges(ai_settings,aliens)
    aliens.update()
    
    #检测外星人和飞船之间的碰撞
    if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(ship,aliens):
        ship_hit(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)
    #检查是否有外星人到达屏幕底端
    check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)

def check_high_score(stats,sb):
    """检查是否诞生了新的最高得分"""
    if stats.score > stats.high_score:
        stats.high_score =stats.score
        sb.prep_high_score()

 

 

当然还要初始化飞船啊

ship.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Tue Sep 11 16:02:13 2018

@author: rain
"""

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite
class Ship(Sprite):
    def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen):
        """初始化飞船，并设置其初始位置"""
        super(Ship,self).__init__()
        self.screen=screen
        self.ai_settings = ai_settings      
    
        self.image = pygame.image.load('images/ship.bmp')
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
        
        
        #将每艘新飞船放在屏幕底部中央
        self.rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx
        self.rect.bottom = self.screen_rect.bottom
        
        
        #在飞船的属性center中存储小数值
        self.center = float(self.rect.centerx)
        
        
        #移动标志
        self.moving_right =False
        self.moving_left=False
        
        
    def update(self):
        #根据移动标志调整飞船的位置
        #更新飞船的center值，而不是rect
        if self.moving_right and self.rect.right < self.screen_rect.right:
            self.center +=self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
        if self.moving_left and self.rect.left > 0:
            self.center -=self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
            
            
        #根据self.center更新rect对象
        self.rect.centerx = self.center
        
    def blitme(self):
        self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)
    def center_ship(self):
        """让飞船在屏幕上居中"""
        self.center = self.screen_rect.centerx

        
        

 

再来初始化一下游戏的设置吧

setting.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Tue Sep 11 15:20:10 2018

@author: rain
"""

class Settings():
    def __init__(self):
        """初始化游戏的静态设置"""
        self.screen_width =1200
        self.screen_height =800
        self.bg_color =(230,230,230)
        self.ship_speed_factor =1.5
        self.ship_limit = 3
        #子弹设置
        self.bullet_speed_factor=3
        self.bullet_width=3
        self.bullet_height=15
        self.bullet_color=60,60,60
        self.bullets_allowed=3
        #外星人设置
        self.fleet_drop_speed =10

        #以什么样的速度加快游戏节奏
        self.speedup_scale=1.1
        #外星人点数的提高速度
        self.score_scale = 1.5
        
        self.initialize_dynamic_settings()
    def initialize_dynamic_settings(self):
        """初始化随游戏进行而改变的设置"""
        self.ship_speed_factor =1.5
        self.bullet_speed_factor =3
        self.alien_speed_factor=1
             
        #fleet_direction 为1表示向右，为-1表示向左
        self.fleet_direction =1
        #记分
        self.alien_points =50
    def increase_speed(self):
        """提高速度设置和外星人点数"""
        self.ship_speed_factor*=self.speedup_scale
        self.bullet_speed_factor *=self.speedup_scale
        self.alien_speed_factor *=self.speedup_scale
        
        self.alien_points =int(self.alien_points * self.score_scale)
        print(self.alien_points)

 

 

不要着急，还有两个没有设置的呢

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Wed Sep 26 13:32:46 2018

@author: rain
"""

import pygame.font
from pygame.sprite import Group

from ship import Ship
class Scoreboard():
    """显示得分信息的类"""
    def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen,stats):
        """初始化显示得分涉及的属性"""
        self.screen = screen
        self.screen_rect =screen.get_rect()
        self.ai_settings = ai_settings
        self.stats =stats
        
        #显示得分信息时使用的字体设置
        self.text_color =(30,30,30)
        self.font =pygame.font.SysFont(None,48)
        
        #准备包含最高得分和当前得分的图像
        self.prep_score()
        self.prep_high_score()
        self.prep_level()
        self.prep_ships()
    def prep_score(self):
        """将得分转换为一副渲染的图像"""
        rounded_score = int(round(self.stats.score,-1))
        score_str = "{:,}".format(rounded_score)
        self.score_image =self.font.render(score_str,True,self.text_color,self.ai_settings.bg_color)
        
        #将得分放在屏幕右上角
        self.score_rect = self.score_image.get_rect()
        self.score_rect.right = self.screen_rect.right -20
        self.score_rect.top =20
    def show_score(self):
        """在屏幕上显示飞船和得分"""
        self.screen.blit(self.score_image,self.score_rect)
        self.screen.blit(self.high_score_image,self.high_score_rect)
        self.screen.blit(self.level_image,self.level_rect)
        
        #绘制飞船
        self.ships.draw(self.screen)
    def prep_high_score(self):
        """将最高得分转化为渲染的图像"""
        high_score=int(round(self.stats.high_score,-1))
        high_score_str="{:,}".format(high_score)
        self.high_score_image = self.font.render(high_score_str,True,self.text_color,self.ai_settings.bg_color)
        
        #将最高得分放在屏幕顶部中央
        self.high_score_rect = self.high_score_image.get_rect()
        self.high_score_rect.centerx =self.screen_rect.centerx
        self.high_score_rect.top=self.score_rect.top
    def prep_level(self):
        """将等级转换为渲染的图片"""
        self.level_image = self.font.render(str(self.stats.level),True,self.text_color,self.ai_settings.bg_color)
        #降等级放在得分下方
        self.level_rect = self.level_image.get_rect()
        self.level_rect.right = self.score_rect.right
        self.level_rect.top = self.score_rect.bottom +10
        
    def prep_ships(self):
        """显示还余下多少搜飞船"""
        self.ships =Group()
        for ship_number in range(self.stats.ships_left):
            ship =Ship(self.ai_settings,self.screen)
            ship.rect.x=10+ship_number *ship.rect.width
            ship.rect.y =10
            self.ships.add(ship)

 

这些完了之后，猜猜还有什么没有设置呢？

当然是要初始化一下游戏的统计信息什么的啦

game_stats.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sun Sep 23 21:55:46 2018

@author: rain
"""

class GameStats():
    """跟踪游戏的统计信息"""
    def __init__(self,ai_settings):
        """初始化统计信息"""
        self.ai_settings = ai_settings
        self.reset_stats()
        #游戏刚启动时处于非活动状态
        self.game_active = False
        #在任何情况下都不应重置最高得分
        self.high_score =0
        
        
    def reset_stats(self):
        """初始化在游戏运行期间可能变化的统计信息"""
        self.ships_left = self.ai_settings.ship_limit
        self.score = 0
        self.level = 1

 

整个游戏就完成了，下面可以跟着我一起来玩游戏啦

作为一个游戏小白，感觉这个游戏的体验不是很好。

由于对该代码的理解能力不够，所以目前无法进行有效的调试，

我会随着学习的深入进行调试哒~

也请大家多多指教，交流学习~