power bi图表
In this article, I am going to give an overview of the most widely used chart types in Power BI. Power BI, as everyone might be aware, is one of the SaaS offerings from Microsoft in the field of BI and Analytics. It provides a very intuitive way for non-technical users to do analyses and create reports on their own without having to rely on a technical team. One of the main purposes of Microsoft behind Power BI is to promote self-service BI and it is one of the BI tools in the market with a comparatively lower learning curve as there are many similarities compared to Microsoft Excel.
在本文中，我将概述Power BI中使用最广泛的图表类型。 众所周知，Power BI是Microsoft在BI和分析领域的SaaS产品之一。 它为非技术用户提供了一种非常直观的方式来自行进行分析和创建报告，而不必依赖技术团队。 Microsoft支持Power BI的主要目的之一是推广自助服务BI，它是市场上学习曲线相对较低的BI工具之一，因为与Microsoft Excel相比有许多相似之处。
Although there are many different chart types available in Power BI, it is essential to understand when to use which chart. This is important because when you present some information to the readers, they should be able to gain insights at a glance and interpret the results rather than trying to understand what the chart or the graph is trying to depict.
尽管Power BI中提供了许多不同的图表类型，但必须了解何时使用哪个图表。 这很重要，因为当您向读者提供一些信息时，他们应该能够一目了然地获得洞察力并解释结果，而不是试图了解图表或图形所描绘的内容。
Let’s look at some of the most frequently used chart types in Power BI. For the purpose of this tutorial, I’ve imported a few tables from the WideWorldImportersDW database into Power BI and will be creating the charts based on these tables.
让我们看一下Power BI中一些最常用的图表类型。 出于本教程的目的，我已将WideWorldImportersDW数据库中的一些表导入到Power BI中，并将基于这些表创建图表。
Figure 1 – Imported Data Model
图1 –导入的数据模型
条形图 (Bar Chart)
One of the most important chart types in Power BI is the bar chart. A bar chart is used to represent categorical data in rectangular bars by the length of the rectangle denoted by a specific measure value. The category with the highest measure value has the longest bar whereas the one with the lowest value has the shortest bar. This type of chart is helpful in representing categories mostly as it visualizes only one dimension with a measure.
条形图是Power BI中最重要的图表类型之一。 条形图用于通过特定度量值表示的矩形长度来表示矩形条中的分类数据。 度量值最高的类别的柱线最长，而值最低的类别的柱线最短。 这种类型的图表主要用于表示类别，因为它仅通过度量显示一个维度。
Figure 2 – Horizontal Bar Chart
图2 –水平条形图
Figure 3 – Vertical Bar Chart
图3 –垂直条形图
In the charts above, we can see that the Total Sales is being displayed by Sales Territory. Southeast, with the highest sales has the longest bar whereas External has the lowest sales. Choosing between vertical and horizontal chart types in Power BI is a bit debatable. However, I prefer to use a horizontal bar if there are more than ten categories otherwise a vertical bar chart looks good.
在上面的图表中，我们可以看到， 总销售额是由销售区域显示。 东南 ，具有最高的销售额是最长的酒吧，而外部的则是最低的。 在Power BI中选择垂直和水平图表类型还是有争议的。 但是，如果有十多个类别，我更喜欢使用水平条，否则垂直条形图看起来不错。
堆积条形图 (Stacked Bar Chart)
This is an extension of the simple bar chart that we saw in the previous sample. In a stacked bar chart, we can introduce two dimensions with a measure as opposed to a single dimension in a simple bar chart. This second dimension can be used to sub-categorize the first dimension along with the measure values. For example, in the figures below we have two dimensions – Sales Territory and Buying Package and a measure Total Including Tax. The second dimension depicts the categorization among how the sales for a particular Sales Territory is divided.
这是我们在上一个示例中看到的简单条形图的扩展。 在堆叠的条形图中，我们可以使用度量来引入两个维度，而在简单的条形图中则不能引入一个维度。 该第二维可用于将第一维与度量值一起进行子分类。 例如，在下面的图中，我们有两个维度- 销售区域和购买包装以及度量含税总额 。 第二个维度描述了如何划分特定销售地区的销售。
Figure 4 – Horizontal Stacked Bar Chart
图4 –水平堆积的条形图
Figure 5 – Vertical Stacked Bar Chart
图5 –垂直堆积的条形图
集群条形图 (Clustered Bar Chart)
The clustered bar chart is almost similar to the stacked bar chart except for the fact that it groups the second dimension by the first and then displays the chart. It is useful if you want to visualize a sub-group within a group by a measure.
聚集的条形图几乎与堆积的条形图相似，不同之处在于它将第二维按第一个维度分组，然后显示该图表。 如果要通过度量可视化组中的子组，这将很有用。
Figure 6 – Clustered Bar Chart
图6 –集群条形图
折线图 (Line Chart)
The line chart is another important and frequently used chart types in Power BI. These types of charts are used to define a trend over a period of time. Usually, it is not recommended to use any other dimension other than the dates along the X-axis. This gives the reader an impression of the moving value across the time period. A line chart in Power BI can have one or two dimensions. With a single dimension, a single line will be plotted along the time, whereas if a second dimension is introduced, a line for each of the values of the second dimension will be plotted on the graph.
折线图是Power BI中另一个重要且经常使用的图表类型。 这些类型的图表用于定义一段时间内的趋势。 通常，除沿X轴的日期外，不建议使用其他任何维度。 这使读者对整个时间段的移动值有印象。 Power BI中的折线图可以具有一维或二维。 对于单一尺寸，将沿时间绘制一条直线，而如果引入第二尺寸，则将在图形上绘制第二尺寸的每个值的线。
Figure 7 – Line Chart
图7 –折线图
面积图 (Area Chart)
An Area Chart can be considered as an extension of the line chart that we came across in the previous example. In this chart, the line and the area underneath are color-coded such that it is easier for the reader to make some comparisons among the different dimension members. An area chart can be built using one dimension or two. If it is created using two dimensions, then dimensions are displayed on top of one another. Such an area chart can be called a stacked area chart.
面积图可以视为我们在上一个示例中遇到的折线图的扩展。 在此图表中，线条和下面的区域用颜色编码，以便读者更容易在不同尺寸成员之间进行一些比较。 可以使用一维或二维来构建面积图。 如果使用两个尺寸创建，则尺寸会彼此叠加显示。 这样的面积图可以称为堆叠面积图。
Figure 8 – Stacked Area Chart in Power BI
图8 – Power BI中的堆积面积图
组合图 (Combo Chart)
Combo chart as the name suggests is a combination of both bar and line chart in a single visual. This is helpful when visualizing categorical data along with two measured values. In a combo chart, usually, we keep a single dimension that can be represented by two measures. One measure will be represented by the length of the bars whereas the second measure will be denoted by the line. We can also make a stacked combo chart by introducing a second dimension which will sub-categorize the first dimension like in a stacked bar chart.
顾名思义，组合图是单个图表中条形图和折线图的组合。 当可视化分类数据以及两个测量值时，这很有用。 通常，在组合图中，我们保持一个可以由两个度量表示的单一维度。 一个小节将由条的长度表示，而第二个小节将由线表示。 我们还可以通过引入第二维来制作堆叠组合图，该第二维将对第一维进行子分类，就像在堆叠条形图中一样。
Figure 9 – Stacked Combo Chart
图9 –堆叠组合图
饼形图 (Pie Chart)
A pie chart is another most commonly used chart types in Power BI. It is used to understand the proportion of a dimension relative to the other members of the same dimension. The proportion is calculated by a measured value which calculates the area in percentage and allocates to each of the members. Pie charts are useful if the dimension has 5-6 members only to visualize. If there are more members in the dimension, then the pie chart becomes much cluttered and loses readability.
饼图是Power BI中另一种最常用的图表类型。 它用于了解某个尺寸相对于同一尺寸的其他成员的比例。 该比例由测量值计算，该测量值以百分比计算面积并分配给每个成员。 如果维度仅具有5到6个成员以进行可视化，则饼图非常有用。 如果维度中的成员更多，则饼图将变得非常混乱，并且会失去可读性。
Figure 10 – Pie Chart
图10 –饼图
测量 (Gauge)
A gauge in Power BI is used to calculate the performance of a specific measurement based on some goals. It is used to represent the health of a specific measure or the current status of a KPI. A needle is used in the chart to represent the goal and the colored gauge represents the current status of the measure, whether the goal has been reached or not. The current measurement value is also displayed in the figures just below the gauge.
Power BI中的仪表用于基于某些目标来计算特定测量的性能。 它用于表示特定度量的运行状况或KPI的当前状态。 图表中使用一根针代表目标，而彩色量表则代表度量的当前状态，无论是否达到目标。 当前测量值也显示在仪表下方的图中。
Figure 11 – Gauge Chart in Power BI
图11 – Power BI中的仪表图
牌 (Cards)
Cards are a simple visual where the value of the measure is displayed. Also known as the big number of tiles in Power BI, these are extremely used to provide a one-time glance at the value of a certain measure. For example, cards can be used to learn about Total Sales or Total Profit in a year, etc.
卡是显示度量值的简单视觉效果。 在Power BI中也称为大量磁贴，这些磁贴非常可用于一次性查看特定度量的值。 例如，可以使用卡来了解一年中的总销售额或总利润等。
Figure 12 – Cards in Power BI
图12 – Power BI中的卡
地图 (Maps)
Maps are another important type of chart used in Power BI. These charts are used to represent geographical data directly on the maps which become very intuitive and easy to understand for the readers. Maps in Power BI can be automatically created from the values in the dimensions. For example, if the dataset contains cities or states, the Power BI engine is capable to extract the information and plot those on the maps. Alternatively, there is also a provision to provide latitude and longitude values to plot the cities on the maps.
映射是Power BI中使用的另一种重要图表类型。 这些图表用于直接在地图上表示地理数据，这对于读者来说非常直观且易于理解。 Power BI中的地图可以根据尺寸中的值自动创建。 例如，如果数据集包含城市或州，则Power BI引擎能够提取信息并将其绘制在地图上。 可替代地，还提供了提供纬度和经度值以在地图上绘制城市的规定。
Figure 13 – Maps in Power BI
图13 – Power BI中的映射
桌子 (Tables)
Last but not least, of course, tables are the best when it comes to visualizing a set of records by rows in a tabular format. To whatever extent, modern a dashboard might look, when it comes to detailed information, tables work the best for any kind of analysis.
最后但并非最不重要的一点是，在以表格格式按行可视化一组记录时，表是最好的。 无论在何种程度上，现代化的仪表板在涉及详细信息时可能看起来最适合任何类型的分析。
Figure 14 – Tables in Power BI
图14 – Power BI中的表
结论 (Conclusion)
In this article, I have explained widely used Chart Types in Power BI. It is important to choose a visual wisely based on what is the information that needs to be presented.
在本文中，我解释了Power BI中广泛使用的图表类型。 重要的是，根据需要呈现的信息来明智地选择视觉效果。
翻译自: https://www.sqlshack.com/an-overview-of-chart-types-in-power-bi/
power bi图表