spring cloud 微服务
服务注册 ( Eureka )
服务端:
需要jar
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
spring cloud 启动文件上配置
@EnableEurekaServer
application.yml 配置
server:
port: 8786
eureka:
instance:
hostname: localhost
client:
registerWithEureka: false
fetchRegistry: false
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
spring:
application:
name: eurka-server
客户端:
需要jar:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
spring boot启动文件:
@EnableEurekaClient
application.yml配置:
server:
port: 8762
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8786/eureka/ //对应服务端的defaultZone
spring:
application:
name: eurka-client
此时,8082端口的应用就被注册到了8081服务注册中心。就可以通过http://localhost:8081查看服务注册情况
负载均衡(ribbon)
需要jar
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
application.yml配置:
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8786/eureka/ //对应服务端的defaultZone
server:
port: 8764
spring:
application:
name: service-ribbon
spring boot启动文件 :
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ServiceRibbonApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run( ServiceRibbonApplication.class, args );
}
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
测试类:
@Service
public class HelloService {
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
public String hiService(String name) {
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://SERVICE-HI/hi?name="+name,String.class);
}
}
断路器(Hystrix)
需要jar:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
在原来的 8764 服务的启动类上加:
@EnableHystrix
修改其测试类:
@Service
public class HelloService {
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "hiError")
public String hiService(String name) {
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://SERVICE-HI/hi?name="+name,String.class);
}
public String hiError(String name) {
return "hi,"+name+",sorry,error!";
}
}
路由(Zuul)
需要jar:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
application.yml配置:
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
port: 8769
spring:
application:
name: service-zuul
zuul:
routes:
api-a:
path: /api-a/**
serviceId: service-ribbon
api-b:
path: /api-b/**
serviceId: service-feign
启动类:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ServiceZuulApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run( ServiceZuulApplication.class, args );
}
}
依次运行打开浏览器访问:http://localhost:8769/api-a/hi?name=forezp ;
zuul还可以进行路由过滤:
@Component
public class MyFilter extends ZuulFilter {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyFilter.class);
@Override
public String filterType() {
return "pre";
}
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return 0;
}
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
return true;
}
@Override
public Object run() {
RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
log.info(String.format("%s >>> %s", request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString()));
Object accessToken = request.getParameter("token");
if(accessToken == null) {
log.warn("token is empty");
ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false);
ctx.setResponseStatusCode(401);
try {
ctx.getResponse().getWriter().write("token is empty");
}catch (Exception e){}
return null;
}
log.info("ok");
return null;
}
}
filterType:返回一个字符串代表过滤器的类型,在zuul中定义了四种不同生命周期的过滤器类型,具体如下:
pre:路由之前
routing:路由之时
post: 路由之后
error:发送错误调用
filterOrder:过滤的顺序
shouldFilter:这里可以写逻辑判断,是否要过滤,本文true,永远过滤。
run:过滤器的具体逻辑。可用很复杂,包括查sql,nosql去判断该请求到底有没有权限访问。
配置中心()
服务端:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
application.yml配置:
spring:
cloud:
config:
server:
git:
password: //远程git的密码
searchPaths: respo //配置仓库路径
uri: https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/ //远程git的地址
username: //远程git的用户名
label: master //配置仓库的分支
application:
name: config-server
server:
port: 8888
springboot的启动类配置:@EnableConfigServer
http请求地址和资源文件映射如下:
/{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{application}-{profile}.properties
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties
根据我们自己的配置,我们可以这样访问:http://127.0.0.1:8888/eureka-server/default/master
application -> eureka-server (应用名)
profile -> default (启用的配置,通常是后缀,下面解释)
label -> master (分支)
profile比较重要,可以理解成读取哪些配置文件,假如我不止一个配置文件,可能会有:
eureka-server.properties(这个是通用配置文件,默认都会加载),
eureka-server-mysql.properties,
eureka-server-oracle.properties,
eureka-server-jpa.properties,
eureka-server-mysql.properties......
我们可能会选择性的加载其中的部分properties配置文件,那我们可以这样写:http://127.0.0.1:8888/eureka-server/default,mysql,jpa/master
客户端:<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
application.yml配置:
spring:
cloud:
config:
profile: dev
label: master
uri: http://localhost:8888/
application:
name: config-client
server:
port: 8881
springboot启动类:
@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
@Value("${foo}")
String foo; //对应配置文件中的key
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi")
public String hi(){
return foo;
}
}
同时客户端的项目名必须和git的配置文件保持一致否则找不到,如果客户端项目名是config-client 对应git配置文件是config-client-*.*的形式
可以把服务端和客户端都注册到注册中心,配置方法如上配置中心,配置的客户端就可以通过
spring.cloud.config.discovery.enabled=true
spring.cloud.config.discovery.serviceId=config-server
来代替spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/ 执行配置服务器
消息总线
对应代码https://github.com/taihexuelang/resp/tree/master/springCloud