使用CentOS 系统（听说Ubuntu不支持oracle ）
一、修改环境（安装依赖包，修改内核参数）。
1.安装依赖包
sudo yum install -y libstdc+±devel sysstat ksh glibc-devel libaio-devel smartmontools net-tools zip unzip
2.修改内核参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.file-max= 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
sysctl -p
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
二、创建用户，组
groupadd oper
groupadd dba
groupadd asmdba
groupadd backupdba
groupadd dgdba
groupadd kmdba
groupadd racdba
groupadd oinstall
useradd oracle
usermod -g oinstall -G oper,dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle
mkdir -p /u19/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
mkdir -p /u19/app/oraInventory
chmod +755 -R /u19/app/
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u19
三、配置环境变量
su - oracle
vi .bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u19/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=ORACLE_HOME/lib
export CLASSPATH=ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
export NLS_LANG=‘AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8’
#解决sqlplus 上下键，删除键乱码问题。需要安装rlwrap，依赖包readlines，libtermcap-devel
alias sqlplus=‘rlwrap sqlplus’
alias rman=‘rlwrap rman’
alias lsnrctl=‘rlwrap lsnrctl’
最后记得执行 source .bash_profile 使环境变量生效
四、解压文件（直接解压到oracle_home下）
cd $ORACLE_HOME
unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip
五、生成响应文件 $ORACLE_HOME/db_install.rsp （响应文件中不需要指定oracle_home）
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u19/app/oraInventory
ORACLE_BASE=/u19/app/oracle
#db版本 EE企业版 SE标准版
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba
#自动执行root脚本，false不自动执行，true 自动执行，true需要输入root密码
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT
六、安装数据库
sh $ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller -silent -noconfig -force -ignorePrereq -responseFile $ORACLE_HOME/db_install.rsp
安装过程错误：
1、提示缺少 libnsl.so.1解决
安装库包，在root用户下执行
[[email protected] ~]# dnf install libnsl
2、error while executing the action at state: ‘supportedOSCheck‘
原因
OS 操作系统不兼容问题
2.3 解决
不管是图形化界面还是静默安装，执行前设置 CV_ASSUME_DISTID，之后再次运行执行程序或脚本。
使用oracle用户执行
[[email protected] dbhome_1]$ export CV_ASSUME_DISTID=CentOS 8.1
或者你还可以把export CV_ASSUME_DISTID=CentOS 8.1加入到 .bash_profile
可以参考文章http://www.mamicode.com/info-detail-2697256.html
3、、make命令未找到：（make是gcc的编译器，VPS买来必定要安装
安装：
yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool make
安装g++:
yum install gcc gcc-c++
）
[WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment does not meet some optional requirements.
CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2019-12-06_01-06-54PM/installActions2019-12-06_01-06-54PM.log
ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2019-12-06_01-06-54PM/installActions2019-12-06_01-06-54PM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
The response file for this session can be found at:
/u19/u19/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/install/response/db_2019-12-06_01-06-54PM.rsp
You can find the log of this install session at:
/u19/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2019-12-06_01-06-54PM/installActions2019-12-06_01-06-54PM.log
Successfully Setup Software with warning(s).
参考文章：https://blog.csdn.net/clyss/article/details/103418923