Foundations of AI人工智能基础

八大基础

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学习课程：学堂在线(xuetangx.com)北京大学《人工智能原理》

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1. Philosophy

2. Mathematics

   • Logic
     
     • proposition logic
       命题逻辑（布尔逻辑）
     • first order logic
       一阶逻辑，增加了对象和关系
     • theory of reference
       指称理论，揭示如何将逻辑中的对象与对象相关联

   • Computation

     • computable
     • tractability 易处理性
     • NP-comlpeteness NP完全性理论：用于表征某些问题的固有复杂度
       P:Ploynomial time多项式时间
       NP:Non-deterministic Ploynomial time不确定性多项式时间
       NP-complete:both in NP and NP-hard
       

   • Probability—如何根据不确定信息进行推论

     • gambling events
     • statistical methods
     • Bayes’ rules

3. Economics

4. Neuroscience
   
   • nervous system, particularly the brain
   • rational decisions
   • Prediction and Simulation
5. Psychology
   
   • Cognitive Psychology
     
     • Attention:意识集中在某个有用感知信息子集的状态
     • Memory:
       precedural memory过程记忆
       semantic memory语义记忆
       episodic memory情景记忆
     • Perception:
       physical senses(sight, smell, hearing, taste, touch, and proprioception), as well as their cognitive processes
     • Language:
       language acquisition
       individual components of language formation
       how language use is involved in mood, etc
     • Metacognition元认知(关于认知的认知):
       knowledge about cognition关于认知的知识
       regulation of cognition认知的调节

6. Computer engineering

7. Control theory and cybernetics
   机器如何在其自身的控制下运行？

   • Control theory：工程与数学的交叉学科分支，处理动态系统对输入的行为，以及该行为如何通过反馈进行调节
     

   • Cybernetics控制论：探索调控系统、它们的结构、约束、和可能性，用技术控制系统

8. Linguistics