编译 XS 模块时如何使 perl Makefile.PL 使用给定的 C 编译器？

Question

我正在尝试使用通过 conda 下载的预编译 perl 构建 Acme::Damn，有关详细信息，请参阅 this 问题。用于构建perl 的cc 由以下公式给出：

$ perl -V | grep cc=./
    cc='/tmp/build/80754af9/perl_1527832170752/_build_env/bin/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu-gcc'

这在我的机器上不存在，因此 make 失败：

$ perl Makefile.PL
Checking if your kit is complete...
Looks good
Warning: prerequisite Test::Exception 0 not found.
Generating a Unix-style Makefile
Writing Makefile for Acme::Damn
Writing MYMETA.yml and MYMETA.json
$ make
cp Damn.pm blib/lib/Acme/Damn.pm
Running Mkbootstrap for Damn ()
chmod 644 "Damn.bs"
"/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/bin/perl" -MExtUtils::Command::MM -e 'cp_nonempty' -- Damn.bs blib/arch/auto/Acme/Damn/Damn.bs 644
"/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/bin/perl" "/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/lib/5.26.2/ExtUtils/xsubpp"  -typemap '/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/lib/5.26.2/ExtUtils/typemap'  Damn.xs > Damn.xsc
mv Damn.xsc Damn.c
/tmp/build/80754af9/perl_1527832170752/_build_env/bin/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu-gcc -c  -I. -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE --sysroot=/tmp/build/80754af9/perl_1527832170752/_build_env/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu/sysroot -fwrapv -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -fstack-protector-strong -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -O2   -DVERSION=\"0.08\" -DXS_VERSION=\"0.08\" -fPIC --sysroot=/tmp/build/80754af9/perl_1527832170752/_build_env/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu/sysroot "-I/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/lib/5.26.2/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/CORE"   Damn.c
/bin/sh: 1: /tmp/build/80754af9/perl_1527832170752/_build_env/bin/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu-gcc: not found
make: *** [Makefile:337: Damn.o] Error 127

我可以安装用于使用 conda 构建 perl 的相同编译器：

$ conda install -c anaconda gcc_linux-64
$ which  x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu-gcc
/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/bin/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu-gcc

如何使 perl Makefile.PL 在生成 Makefile 时将其用作编译器位置？我试过了：

CC=/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/bin/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu-gcc perl Makefile.PL

但这不起作用。

Answer 1

Makefile.PL 接受参数，而不是环境变量。

perl Makefile.PL CC=/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/bin/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu-gcc

Answer 2

修复Config.pm 指向正确的位置。

perl -i~ -spe's{^\s*cc\s*=>\s*\x27\K[^\x27]*}{$cc}' \
   -- -cc=/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/bin/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu-gcc \
   -- "$( perldoc -lm Config )"

这会导致perl -V:cc 显示更新后的路径。

cc 也在Config_heavy.pl 中定义，不过。因此，您可能还需要以下内容：

perl -i~ -spe's{^cc=\x27\K[^\x27]*}{$cc}' \
   -- -cc=/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/bin/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu-gcc \
   -- "$( perldoc -lm Config_heavy.pl )"

Answer 3

通过查看Config_heavy.pl，我可以看到比cc 更多的配置变量可能还需要更新，包括cccdlflags、ccflags、config_arg10、config_arg8、config_args ,cppflags,cpprun,cppstdin,glibpth,incpth,ld,lddlflags,libpth,libsdirs,locincpth,libspath,libspath,@987654338 987654340@、strings、sysroot、timeincl、usrinc、xlibpth。

根据@ikegami 的回答，我编写了以下Perl 脚本来修改Config.pm 和Config_heavy.pl：

use feature qw(say);
use strict;
use warnings;
use Config;
{
    my $compiler_name = 'x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu-gcc';
    my $cc = $Config{cc};
    my ($old_prefix) = $cc =~ m{^(.*?)/bin/$compiler_name};
    die "Unexpected: Could not find old sysroot prefix." if !defined $old_prefix;
    my $new_prefix = $ENV{CONDA_PREFIX};
    die "Unexpected: Could find new sysroot prefix." if !defined $new_prefix;
    say "Old prefix: $old_prefix";
    say "New prefix: $new_prefix";
    fix_config_file($old_prefix, $new_prefix, 'Config.pm');
    fix_config_file($old_prefix, $new_prefix, 'Config_heavy.pl');
}

sub fix_config_file {
    my ($old_prefix, $new_prefix, $fn) = @_;

    my $path = qx/perldoc -lm $fn/;
    chomp $path;
    system 'perl', '-i~', '-pe', "s{\Q$old_prefix\E}{$new_prefix}g", $path;
    say "Updated: $path";
}

在 conda 环境中运行上述脚本后，我可以编译模块：

$ perl Makefile.PL 
Warning: prerequisite Test::Exception 0 not found.
Generating a Unix-style Makefile
Writing Makefile for Acme::Damn
Writing MYMETA.yml and MYMETA.json

$ make
Skip blib/lib/Acme/Damn.pm (unchanged)
Running Mkbootstrap for Damn ()
chmod 644 "Damn.bs"
"/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/bin/perl" -MExtUtils::Command::MM -e 'cp_nonempty' -- Damn.bs blib/arch/auto/Acme/Damn/Damn.bs 644
/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/bin/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu-gcc -c  -I. -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE --sysroot=/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu/sysroot -fwrapv -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -fstack-protector-strong -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -O2   -DVERSION=\"0.08\" -DXS_VERSION=\"0.08\" -fPIC --sysroot=/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu/sysroot "-I/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/lib/5.26.2/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/CORE"   Damn.c
rm -f blib/arch/auto/Acme/Damn/Damn.so
/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/bin/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu-gcc  -shared -Wl,-O2 -Wl,--sort-common -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -Wl,-rpath,/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/lib -L/home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/lib --sysroot /home/hakon/anaconda3/envs/perl_test/x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu/sysroot -fstack-protector-strong Damn.o  -o blib/arch/auto/Acme/Damn/Damn.so  \
      \
  
chmod 755 blib/arch/auto/Acme/Damn/Damn.so
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