栅格层 - Geotools：java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError：无法初始化类 javax.imageio.ImageIO答案

【问题标题】：Raster layer - Geotools: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class javax.imageio.ImageIO栅格层 - Geotools：java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError：无法初始化类 javax.imageio.ImageIO
【发布时间】：2019-04-05 16:41:04
【问题描述】：

这是我在运行有关依赖项的 mvn 命令时得到的结果。正如我之前解释的主要问题是，当我尝试在 IDE 之外运行 jar 文件时，imageIO lib 不起作用。我想指出，所有其他功能都正常工作。你知道如何解决这个问题吗？我也尝试按照此链接中的步骤操作：http://docs.geotools.org/latest/userguide/build/install/jdk.html 但我得到了同样的错误。

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building gisLaraMaven gis
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[WARNING] The POM for org.geotools:gt-wfs:jar:20.1 is missing, no dependency information available
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.1:list (default-cli) @ gis ---
[INFO]
[INFO] The following files have been resolved:
[INFO]    com.conversantmedia:disruptor:jar:1.2.13:compile
[INFO]    com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:jar:3.0.2:compile
[INFO]    com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:jar:2.2.0:compile
[INFO]    com.google.guava:failureaccess:jar:1.0:compile
[INFO]    com.google.guava:guava:jar:27.0-jre:compile
[INFO]    com.google.guava:listenablefuture:jar:9999.0-empty-to-avoid-conflict-with-guava:compile
[INFO]    com.google.j2objc:j2objc-annotations:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO]    com.miglayout:miglayout:jar:swing:3.7:compile
[INFO]    com.vividsolutions:jts:jar:1.13:compile
[INFO]    commons-codec:commons-codec:jar:1.2:compile
[INFO]    commons-httpclient:commons-httpclient:jar:3.1:compile
[INFO]    commons-io:commons-io:jar:2.6:compile
[INFO]    commons-logging:commons-logging:jar:1.0.4:compile
[INFO]    commons-pool:commons-pool:jar:1.5.4:compile
[INFO]    hsqldb:hsqldb:jar:1.8.0.7:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.imageio-ext:imageio-ext-geocore:jar:1.1.27:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.imageio-ext:imageio-ext-streams:jar:1.1.27:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.imageio-ext:imageio-ext-tiff:jar:1.1.27:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.imageio-ext:imageio-ext-utilities:jar:1.1.27:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.affine:jt-affine:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.algebra:jt-algebra:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.bandcombine:jt-bandcombine:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.bandmerge:jt-bandmerge:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.bandselect:jt-bandselect:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.binarize:jt-binarize:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.border:jt-border:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.buffer:jt-buffer:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.classifier:jt-classifier:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.colorconvert:jt-colorconvert:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.colorindexer:jt-colorindexer:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.crop:jt-crop:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.errordiffusion:jt-errordiffusion:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.format:jt-format:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.imagefunction:jt-imagefunction:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.iterators:jt-iterators:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.lookup:jt-lookup:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.mosaic:jt-mosaic:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.nullop:jt-nullop:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.orderdither:jt-orderdither:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.piecewise:jt-piecewise:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.rescale:jt-rescale:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.rlookup:jt-rlookup:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.scale:jt-scale:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.scale2:jt-scale2:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.shadedrelief:jt-shadedrelief:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.stats:jt-stats:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.translate:jt-translate:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.utilities:jt-utilities:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.vectorbin:jt-vectorbin:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.warp:jt-warp:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    it.geosolutions.jaiext.zonal:jt-zonal:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    javax.measure:unit-api:jar:1.0:compile
[INFO]    javax.media:jai_codec:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    javax.media:jai_core:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    javax.media:jai_imageio:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO]    jgridshift:jgridshift:jar:1.0:compile
[INFO]    junit:junit:jar:3.8.1:test
[INFO]    net.sf.geographiclib:GeographicLib-Java:jar:1.49:compile
[INFO]    org.apache.xml:xml-commons-resolver:jar:1.2:compile
[INFO]    org.checkerframework:checker-qual:jar:2.5.2:compile
[INFO]    org.codehaus.mojo:animal-sniffer-annotations:jar:1.17:compile
[INFO]    org.ejml:ejml-core:jar:0.34:compile
[INFO]    org.ejml:ejml-ddense:jar:0.34:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-api:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-coverage:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-cql:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-data:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-epsg-hsql:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-geotiff:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-image:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-main:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-metadata:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-opengis:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-process:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-referencing:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-render:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-shapefile:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-swing:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-wfs:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-wms:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.geotools:gt-xml:jar:20.1:compile
[INFO]    org.hsqldb:hsqldb:jar:2.4.1:compile
[INFO]    org.jaitools:jt-utils:jar:1.5.0:compile
[INFO]    org.jaitools:jt-zonalstats:jar:1.5.0:compile
[INFO]    org.jdom:jdom2:jar:2.0.6:compile
[INFO]    org.locationtech.jts:jts-core:jar:1.16.0:compile
[INFO]    org.postgresql:postgresql:jar:9.4-1202-jdbc42:compile
[INFO]    org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.13:compile
[INFO]    si.uom:si-quantity:jar:0.7.1:compile
[INFO]    si.uom:si-units-java8:jar:0.7.1:compile
[INFO]    systems.uom:systems-common-java8:jar:0.7.2:compile
[INFO]    tec.uom:uom-se:jar:1.0.8:compile
[INFO]    tec.uom.lib:uom-lib-common:jar:1.0.2:compile
[INFO]    xerces:xercesImpl:jar:2.11.0:compile
[INFO]    xml-apis:xml-apis:jar:1.4.01:compile
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 16.701s
[INFO] Finished at: Wed Apr 03 18:37:35 EEST 2019
[INFO] Final Memory: 12M/243M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

这里是 pom.xml 的一部分，它是 maven shade 插件。

          <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.1</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <transformers>
                                <!-- This bit sets the main class for
the executable jar as you otherwise -->
                                <!-- would with the assembly plugin
                                   -->
                                <transformer
implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                    <manifestEntries>

<Main-Class>com.mycompany.gislaramaven.gisMap_3</Main-Class>
                                    </manifestEntries>
                                </transformer>
                                <!-- This bit merges the various
GeoTools META-INF/services files         -->
                                <transformer
implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer"/>
                            </transformers>
                             <archive>
            <manifest>
                <addDefaultImplementationEntries>true</addDefaultImplementationEntries>
                <addDefaultSpecificationEntries>true</addDefaultSpecificationEntries>
            </manifest>
            <manifestEntries>
                <Specification-Vendor>Sun Microsystems, Inc</Specification-Vendor>
                <Implementation-Vendor>Sun Microsystems, Inc</Implementation-Vendor>
            </manifestEntries>
        </archive>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

我得到的新错误如下所示。似乎又缺少与 JAI 库相关的东西。请看：

    WARNING  The input argument(s) may not be null.
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: The input argument(s) may not be null.
        at javax.media.jai.ParameterBlockJAI.getDefaultMode(ParameterBlockJAI.java:136)
        at javax.media.jai.ParameterBlockJAI.<init>(ParameterBlockJAI.java:157)
        at javax.media.jai.ParameterBlockJAI.<init>(ParameterBlockJAI.java:178)
        at it.geosolutions.jaiext.vectorbin.ROIGeometry.getAsImage(ROIGeometry.java:473)
        at org.geotools.renderer.lite.gridcoverage2d.GridCoverageRenderer.addRoiIfMissing(GridCoverageRenderer.java:1095)
        at org.geotools.renderer.lite.gridcoverage2d.GridCoverageRenderer.reproject(GridCoverageRenderer.java:509)
        at org.geotools.renderer.lite.gridcoverage2d.GridCoverageRenderer.renderImage(GridCoverageRenderer.java:958)
        at org.geotools.renderer.lite.gridcoverage2d.GridCoverageRenderer.paint(GridCoverageRenderer.java:1279)
        at org.geotools.renderer.lite.StreamingRenderer$RenderCoverageReaderRequest.execute(StreamingRenderer.java:3650)
        at org.geotools.renderer.lite.StreamingRenderer$PainterThread.run(StreamingRenderer.java:3744)
        at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Unknown Source)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

【问题讨论】：

那是运行mvn的错误位置，你需要在你的项目文件夹中（里面有pom.xml的那个）
查看GeoTool's FAQ 了解如何构建可执行jar
对不起，这是上一次运行，我设法正确运行 mvn 以及，我有一个可执行的 jar 文件。这个 jar 文件的唯一问题是 javax.imageio 库。你知道如何解决这个问题吗？
你能把这些信息放回你的问题中吗，加上汇编文件和jar文件的内容列表。
请查看更新后的问题。我没有使用 maven 程序集插件，而是使用 maven shade 插件。

标签： maven geotools

【解决方案1】：

您需要将 ImageIO 添加到您的manifestEntries，使用类似：

          <transformers>                                                    
            <!-- This bit sets the main class for the executable jar as you otherwise -->
            <!-- would with the assembly plugin -->                         
            <transformer                                                    
              implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
              <manifestEntries>                                             
                <Main-Class>com.ianturton.tileviewer.TileViewer</Main-Class>
                <Specification-Title> Java Advanced Imaging Image I/O Tools</Specification-Title>
                <Specification-Version>1.1</Specification-Version>          
                <Specification-Vendor> Sun Microsystems, Inc. </Specification-Vendor>
                <Implementation-Title> com.sun.media.imageio</Implementation-Title>
                <Implementation-Version> 1.1</Implementation-Version>       
                <Implementation-Vendor> Sun Microsystems, Inc.</Implementation-Vendor>
              </manifestEntries>                                            
            </transformer>                                                  
            <!-- This bit merges the various GeoTools META-INF/services files -->
            <transformer                                                    
              implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer" />
          </transformers>

【讨论】：

非常感谢，第一个问题已经解决了！但是，我再次收到与 JAI lib 相关的新错误。请查看更新后的问题。
您需要提出一个新问题 - 该错误与您的程序有关，而不是与 JAI jars 相关
非常感谢，我会问一个新问题！

【解决方案2】：

你可能还没有构建一个胖罐。

如果你只是构建一个jar，依赖是不包括在内的，所以在IDE之外运行jar通常会导致丢失类。

你可以使用maven assembly插件或者maven shade插件来生成fat jar。

【讨论】：

感谢您的回答，我正在使用 maven shade 插件添加依赖项。奇怪的是，除了 imageIO 之外，所有其他依赖项都包含在 jar 中。
imageIO的<scope>是什么？
范围是什么意思？如果正确理解您的问题，则需要 imageIO 库才能将光栅层（.tiff 图像）加载到我的应用程序中。
我的意思是 Maven POM 中的范围。运行 mvn dependency:list 并将结果添加到您的问题中。
我只是编辑了我的问题，并发布了关于构建的 pom.xml 的一部分。不幸的是，我无法发布所有 pom.xml 文件。