SQL Server 备份脚本 (PowerShell) 适用于 2016 服务器，但不适用于 2012

Question

我有以下脚本：

$serverName = "."
$backupDirectory = "\\backup\server1"
$daysToStoreDailyBackups = 7
$daysToStoreWeeklyBackups = 28
$monthsToStoreMonthlyBackups = 3

[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.SMO") | Out-Null
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.SmoExtended") | Out-Null
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo") | Out-Null
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.SmoEnum") | Out-Null

$mySrvConn = new-object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Common.ServerConnection
$mySrvConn.ServerInstance=$serverName
$mySrvConn.LoginSecure = $false
$mySrvConn.Login = "sa"
$mySrvConn.Password = "myPass"

$server = new-object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Server($mySrvConn)

$dbs = $server.Databases
$startDate = (Get-Date)
"$startDate"

Get-ChildItem "$backupDirectory\*_daily.bak" |? { $_.lastwritetime -le (Get-Date).AddDays(-$daysToStoreDailyBackups)} |% {Remove-Item $_ -force }
"removed all previous daily backups older than $daysToStoreDailyBackups days"

foreach ($database in $dbs | where {$_.IsSystemObject -eq $False})
{
    $dbName = $database.Name      

    if ($dbName -ne "ReportServer" -and $dbName -ne "ReportServerTempDB")
    {
        $timestamp = Get-Date -format yyyy-MM-dd-HHmmss
        $targetPath = $backupDirectory + "\" + $dbName + "_" + $timestamp + "_daily.bak"

        $smoBackup = New-Object ("Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Backup")
        $smoBackup.Action = "Database"
        $smoBackup.BackupSetDescription = "Full Backup of " + $dbName
        $smoBackup.BackupSetName = $dbName + " Backup"
        $smoBackup.Database = $dbName
        $smoBackup.MediaDescription = "Disk"
        $smoBackup.Devices.AddDevice($targetPath, "File")
        $smoBackup.SqlBackup($server) 
        "backed up $dbName ($serverName) to $targetPath"    
    }
    else
    {
        "$dbName backup skipped"
    }
}

if([Int] (Get-Date).DayOfWeek -eq 0)
{
    Get-ChildItem "$backupDirectory\*_weekly.bak" |? { $_.lastwritetime -le (Get-Date).AddDays(-$daysToStoreWeeklyBackups)} |% {Remove-Item $_ -force }
    "removed all previous daily backups older than $daysToStoreWeeklyBackups days"

    foreach ($database in $dbs | where { $_.IsSystemObject -eq $False})
    {
        $dbName = $database.Name  

        if ($dbName -ne "ReportServer" -and $dbName -ne "ReportServerTempDB")
        {    
            $timestamp = Get-Date -format yyyy-MM-dd-HHmmss
            $targetPath = $backupDirectory + "\" + $dbName + "_" + $timestamp + "_weekly.bak"

            $smoBackup = New-Object ("Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Backup")
            $smoBackup.Action = "Database"
            $smoBackup.BackupSetDescription = "Full Backup of " + $dbName
            $smoBackup.BackupSetName = $dbName + " Backup"
            $smoBackup.Database = $dbName
            $smoBackup.MediaDescription = "Disk"
            $smoBackup.Devices.AddDevice($targetPath, "File")
            $smoBackup.SqlBackup($server) 
            "backed up $dbName ($serverName) to $targetPath"
        } 
        else
        {
            "$dbName backup skipped"
        }                   
    }
}

if([Int] (Get-Date).Day -eq 1)
{
    Get-ChildItem "$backupDirectory\*_monthly.bak" |? { $_.lastwritetime -le (Get-Date).AddMonths(-$monthsToStoreMonthlyBackups)} |% {Remove-Item $_ -force }
    "removed all previous monthly backups older than $monthsToStoreMonthlyBackups days"

    foreach ($database in $dbs | where { $_.IsSystemObject -eq $False})
    {
        $dbName = $database.Name  

        if ($dbName -ne "ReportServer" -and $dbName -ne "ReportServerTempDB")
        {
            $timestamp = Get-Date -format yyyy-MM-dd-HHmmss
            $targetPath = $backupDirectory + "\" + $dbName + "_" + $timestamp + "_monthly.bak"

            $smoBackup = New-Object ("Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Backup")
            $smoBackup.Action = "Database"
            $smoBackup.BackupSetDescription = "Full Backup of " + $dbName
            $smoBackup.BackupSetName = $dbName + " Backup"
            $smoBackup.Database = $dbName
            $smoBackup.MediaDescription = "Disk"
            $smoBackup.Devices.AddDevice($targetPath, "File")
            $smoBackup.SqlBackup($server) 
            "backed up $dbName ($serverName) to $targetPath" 
        } 
        else
        {
            "$dbName backup skipped"
        }               
    }
}

这在我的一台服务器（运行服务器 2016）上完美运行，另一台服务器（运行服务器 2012）却没有，它给了我以下错误：

Exception calling "SqlBackup" with "1" argument(s): "Backup failed for Server 'Server1'. "
At C:\Users\Administrator\Documents\Scripts\sqlFullBackup.ps1:43 char:9
+         $smoBackup.SqlBackup($server)
+         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [], MethodInvocationException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : FailedOperationException

任何想法如何解决这个问题？

提前致谢

--- 编辑 ------------------

运行时

$error[0] | fl -force

我得到以下信息：

System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: Cannot open backup device '\\ServerAddress\Folder\file_2017-06-17-110451_daily.bak'. Operating system error 5(Access is denied.).

Answer 1

我在 sql server 2012 上测试了你的脚本并成功备份到本地文件夹。

您的脚本运行良好。

尝试（用于测试）备份到服务器上的本地文件夹。

确定：

• 您安装了 Microsoft Windows PowerShell Extensions for Microsoft SQL Server 2012（带有 SMO）。 详情看我的回答：What do I need to execute a SQL Server PowerShell module

• 您的服务器有权访问共享文件夹“\\backup\server1”。 在服务器 2012 中，设置 MSSQLSERVER 帐户对共享文件夹“\\backup\server1”的读写权限

编辑：

根据您的评论，脚本使用本地文件夹可以正常工作。 所以，问题在于共享文件夹的设置。

在工作组环境中

如果你的 sql server 2012 在 WORKGROUP 环境下工作：

• 在 sql server 2012 和备份服务器（使用计算机管理器）上使用相同的密码（例如“sql2012”）创建相同的窗口用户帐户。

• 将此账号（sql2012/password）设置为运行sql服务的账号（使用Sql Server配置管理器工具）。

• 在备份服务器中将共享文件夹Full R/W中的权限设置为账号sql2012

在域环境中

• 使用域账户作为运行sql服务的账户（使用Sql Server配置管理器工具）

• 在备份服务器中将共享文件夹 Full R/W 中的权限设置为该域帐户。