Rails Postgres db：迁移未提供密码

Question

回答了很多次，但我太笨了，需要有人像我 5 岁一样解释我。

我明白了：

C:\Users\Jaiel\Desktop\Uebung_3_Elias_Kechter_s0555064_SoSe_2018_AI_Web_Entwicklung\order_management>rails db:migrate
rails aborted!
PG::ConnectionBad: fe_sendauth: no password supplied
bin/rails:4:in `require'
bin/rails:4:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

我在 Windows 上。有一个 Rails 5 应用程序，它使用 sqlite3 作为数据库就像一个魅力。但不幸的是 Heroku 不希望我有一个可以工作的应用程序并且需要 postgresql。

我不知道把密码放在哪里。

这是我的database.yml：

# PostgreSQL. Versions 9.1 and up are supported.
#
# Install the pg driver:
#   gem install pg
# On OS X with Homebrew:
#   gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/usr/local/bin/pg_config
# On OS X with MacPorts:
#   gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/opt/local/lib/postgresql84/bin/pg_config
# On Windows:
#   gem install pg
#       Choose the win32 build.
#       Install PostgreSQL and put its /bin directory on your path.
#
# Configure Using Gemfile
# gem 'pg'
#
default: &default
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  # For details on connection pooling, see Rails configuration guide
  # http://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#database-pooling
  pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>

development:
  <<: *default
  database: order_management_development

  # The specified database role being used to connect to postgres.
  # To create additional roles in postgres see `$ createuser --help`.
  # When left blank, postgres will use the default role. This is
  # the same name as the operating system user that initialized the database.
  #username: order_management

  # The password associated with the postgres role (username).
  #password:

  # Connect on a TCP socket. Omitted by default since the client uses a
  # domain socket that doesn't need configuration. Windows does not have
  # domain sockets, so uncomment these lines.
  #host: localhost

  # The TCP port the server listens on. Defaults to 5432.
  # If your server runs on a different port number, change accordingly.
  #port: 5432

  # Schema search path. The server defaults to $user,public
  #schema_search_path: myapp,sharedapp,public

  # Minimum log levels, in increasing order:
  #   debug5, debug4, debug3, debug2, debug1,
  #   log, notice, warning, error, fatal, and panic
  # Defaults to warning.
  #min_messages: notice

# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
test:
  <<: *default
  database: order_management_test

# As with config/secrets.yml, you never want to store sensitive information,
# like your database password, in your source code. If your source code is
# ever seen by anyone, they now have access to your database.
#
# Instead, provide the password as a unix environment variable when you boot
# the app. Read http://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#configuring-a-database
# for a full rundown on how to provide these environment variables in a
# production deployment.
#
# On Heroku and other platform providers, you may have a full connection URL
# available as an environment variable. For example:
#
#   DATABASE_URL="postgres://myuser:mypass@localhost/somedatabase"
#
# You can use this database configuration with:
#
#   production:
#     url: <%= ENV['DATABASE_URL'] %>
#
production:
  <<: *default
  database: order_management_production
  username: order_management
  password: <%= ENV['ORDER_MANAGEMENT_DATABASE_PASSWORD'] %>

我只想让它工作 2 个小时，现在我一直在阅读，但仍然不明白我做错了什么。

我尝试在development 部分下粘贴“password: pass”（我的密码）

但仍然得到：

PG::ConnectionBad: FATAL:  Passwort-Authentification failed for user Jaiel

Answer 1

您似乎想在 Heroku 中运行您的应用程序，它将以生产模式运行。所以 Rails 会从 database.yml 和 production 部分获取数据库信息。

其中，您对数据库的设置是： production: <<: *default database: order_management_production username: order_management password: <%= ENV['ORDER_MANAGEMENT_DATABASE_PASSWORD'] %> 它说密码将从名称为ORDER_MANAGEMENT_DATABASE_PASSWORD的服务器环境中获取。

如果您不知道如何设置并且您的应用程序不是真实产品，您可以将<%= ENV['ORDER_MANAGEMENT_DATABASE_PASSWORD'] %> 替换为真实密码，例如abc123。

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更新 1.

另外，我注意到你把adapter: postgresql设置在默认部分，你的开发部分是从默认部分固有的，所以你开发数据库设置的数据库适配器是postgresql但sqlite。

你应该解决这个问题，否则你会在你的本地主机开发中遇到数据库错误。

更多更详细的解释，你可以阅读Ruby on Rails Tutorial (Rails 5)。

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对不起，我的英语不好。