如何检测图像并使用pyautogui单击它？

Question

我想学习如何让机器人点击图像，我尝试观看 yt 教程但我找不到代码中的错误在哪里，因为这实际上是我第一次使用 python，我尝试了以下代码：

from pyautogui import *
import pyautogui
import time
import keyboard
import random
import win32api, win32con

time.sleep(5)

def click():
    win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN,0,0)
    win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP,0,0)

while keyboard.is_pressed('q') == False:
    flag = 0
    
    if pyautogui.locateOnScreen('benz.png', region=(0,0,1366,768), grayscale=True, confidence=0.5) != None:
                flag = 1
                click()
                time.sleep(0.05)
                break

                
                if flag == 1:
                 break

但我一直得到：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Program Files\Karim\autoclicker\main+stickman.py", line 17, in <module>
    if pyautogui.locateOnScreen('benz.png', region=(0,0,1366,768), grayscale=True, confidence=0.5) != None:
  File "C:\Users\bayan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pyautogui\__init__.py", line 175, in wrapper
    return wrappedFunction(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\bayan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pyautogui\__init__.py", line 213, in locateOnScreen
    return pyscreeze.locateOnScreen(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\bayan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pyscreeze\__init__.py", line 373, in locateOnScreen
    retVal = locate(image, screenshotIm, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\bayan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pyscreeze\__init__.py", line 353, in locate
    points = tuple(locateAll(needleImage, haystackImage, **kwargs))
  File "C:\Users\bayan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pyscreeze\__init__.py", line 207, in _locateAll_opencv
    needleImage = _load_cv2(needleImage, grayscale)
  File "C:\Users\bayan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pyscreeze\__init__.py", line 170, in _load_cv2
    raise IOError("Failed to read %s because file is missing, "
OSError: Failed to read benz.png because file is missing, has improper permissions, or is an unsupported or invalid format

注意：benz.png文件与代码在同一个文件夹中，为png格式，实际上是一张照片（即双击打开并显示一张照片）

代码中可能有一个我不知道的愚蠢错误，因为我对 python 几乎一无所知？？？？

Answer 1

这可能是权限问题，因为pyautogui 在多个脚本实例中运行并且无法访问正确的文件。

在任何情况下，您都可以通过直接读取文件来解决此问题，例如：

from cv2 import imread
image = imread('benz.png')
if pyautogui.locateOnScreen(image,... # and so on 

Answer 2

PyAutoGUI 有一个内置的function 称为locateOnScreen()，如果它可以在当前屏幕上找到它，它会返回图像中心的x，y 坐标（它会截取屏幕截图然后分析它）。

图片必须完全匹配才能正常工作；即，如果您想单击button.png，则该按钮图片必须与窗口中的按钮具有相同的大小/分辨率，以便程序识别它。实现此目的的一种方法是截取屏幕截图，在绘图中打开它，然后只剪下您想要按下的按钮（或者您可以让 PyAutoGUI 为您完成，我将在后面的示例中展示）。

import pyautogui

question_list = ['greencircle', 'redcircle', 'bluesquare', 'redtriangle']

user_input = input('Where should I click? ')

while user_input not in question_list:
    print('Incorrect input, available options: greencircle, redcircle, bluesquare, redtriangle')
    user_input = input('Where should I click?')

location = pyautogui.locateOnScreen(user_input + '.png')
pyautogui.click(location)

上面的例子要求你已经有greencircle.png 和你的目录中的所有其他.png

PyAutoGUI 也可以拍摄screenshots 并且您可以指定屏幕的哪个区域拍摄pyautogui.screenshot(region=(0, 0, 0, 0)) 前两个值是您要选择的区域左上角的 x,y 坐标，第三个是向右多远（x），第四是向下多远（y）。

以下示例截取 Windows 10 徽标，将其保存到文件中，然后使用指定的 .png 文件单击徽标

import pyautogui

pyautogui.screenshot('win10_logo.png', region=(0, 1041, 50, 39))
location = pyautogui.locateOnScreen('win10_logo.png')
pyautogui.click(location)

您也不必将屏幕截图保存到文件中，只需将其保存为变量即可

import pyautogui

win10 = pyautogui.screenshot(region=(0, 1041, 50, 39))
location = pyautogui.locateOnScreen(win10)
pyautogui.click(location)

让程序检测用户是否点击了某个区域（比如说，Windows 10 徽标）将需要另一个库，例如 pynput。

from pynput.mouse import Listener    

def on_click(x, y, button, pressed):
    if 0 < x < 50 and 1080 > y > 1041 and str(button) == 'Button.left' and pressed:
        print('You clicked on Windows 10 Logo')
        return False    # get rid of return statement if you want a continuous loop

with Listener(on_click=on_click) as listener:
    listener.join()

把它们放在一起

import pyautogui
from pynput.mouse import Listener

win10 = pyautogui.screenshot(region=(0, 1041, 50, 39))
location = pyautogui.locateOnScreen(win10)

# location[0] is the top left x coord
# location[1] is the top left y coord
# location[2] is the distance from left x coord to right x coord
# location[3] is the distance from top y coord to bottom y coord

x_boundary_left = location[0]
y_boundary_top = location[1]
x_boundary_right = location[0] + location[2]
y_boundary_bottom = location[1] + location[3]


def on_click(x, y, button, pressed):
    if x_boundary_left < x < x_boundary_right and y_boundary_bottom > y > y_boundary_top and str(button) == 'Button.left' and pressed:
        print('You clicked on Windows 10 Logo')
        return False    # get rid of return statement if you want a continuous loop


with Listener(on_click=on_click) as listener:
    listener.join()

Answer 3

我编辑了：

if pyautogui.locateOnScreen('benz.png', region=(0,0,1366,768), grayscale=True, confidence=0.5) != None:

到：

if pyautogui.locateOnScreen('C:/Program Files/Karim/Others/benz.png', region=(0,0,1366,768), grayscale=True, confidence=0.5) != None:

它成功了?