首先熟悉Qt示例quick\scenegraph\fboitem。它演示了使用 C++/OpenGL 后端创建自定义 QML 控件。
您也可以使用ShaderEffect QML 控件来实现它。我推荐这个站点https://www.shadertoy.com/new 来调试你的着色器。例如,您还可以使用 Canvas 将数组作为纹理传递给着色器(ShaderEffect 不允许正常传递数组,https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-50493)。
这是您的控件的可能实现,包括动态点数、颜色和位置。
import QtQuick 2.12
import QtQuick.Controls 2.5
ApplicationWindow {
id: window
visible: true
width: 640
height: 480
title: "Custom gradient"
Item {
anchors.fill: parent
layer.enabled: true
layer.effect: ShaderEffect {
readonly property var dataTex: dataCanvas
readonly property int count: dataCanvas.colors.length
fragmentShader: "
varying highp vec2 qt_TexCoord0;
uniform lowp float qt_Opacity;
uniform sampler2D dataTex;
const uniform lowp int count;
void main() {
vec3 col = 0.0;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
vec4 color = texture2D(dataTex, vec2(i / (float)count + 0.01, 0.0));
vec2 point = texture2D(dataTex, vec2(i / (float)count + 0.01, 1.0)).rg;
float dist = distance(qt_TexCoord0, point);
col += color * (1.0 - dist);
}
gl_FragColor = vec4(col, 1.0);
}
";
}
// Because ShaderEffect doesn't allow passing arrays to shader, we will
// convert arrays to graphical representation and pass them as texture.
Canvas {
id: dataCanvas
readonly property var colors: ["cyan", "red", "green", "darkblue", "yellow"]
readonly property var positions: [Qt.point(0,0),
Qt.point(10, parent.height - 20),
Qt.point(parent.width / 2, parent.height / 4),
Qt.point(parent.width, 0),
Qt.point(parent.width, parent.height)]
height: 2
width: colors.length
antialiasing: false
visible: false
onPaint: {
if (colors.length !== positions.length) {
console.error("Array size of 'colors' doesn't equal array size of 'positions'");
return;
}
var ctx = getContext("2d");
ctx.reset();
ctx.lineWidth = 1;
for (var i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) {
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.strokeStyle = colors[i];
ctx.moveTo(i, 0);
ctx.lineTo(i+1, 0);
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.strokeStyle = Qt.rgba(positions[i].x / parent.width, positions[i].y / parent.height, 0, 1);
ctx.moveTo(i, 1);
ctx.lineTo(i+1, 1);
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();
}
}
}
}
}
看起来就是这样
我不是 OpenGL 专家,所以这段代码并不完美。如果有人会编辑此答案以使其更好,我会很高兴。