用于菜单性能报告的 SQL Server 存储过程

Question

我的 SQL 数据库中有四个表，即 MenuItems、Categories、Invoices 和 InvoiceDetails。现在我想要显示某个日期的菜单性能报告，即总数量和总金额 特定日期的每个菜单项。它在 where 子句中显示不带日期的所需结果，但不包括具有空值的菜单项。

这是我的存储过程：

CREATE PROCEDURE spGetMenuPerformanceByDay 
    @Date date, 
    @Terminal int
AS
BEGIN
    SELECT
        M.Name, 
        ISNULL(SUM(D.Amount), 0) AS Amount,
        ISNULL(SUM(D.Qty), 0) AS Qty
    FROM
        MenuItems AS M 
    JOIN
        Categories AS C ON C.Id = M.CategoryId  
    LEFT JOIN 
        InvoiceDetails AS D ON M.Id = D.ItemId 
    LEFT JOIN 
        Invoices I ON I.Id = d.InvoiceId
    WHERE
        @Terminal IN (I.TerminalId, C.TerminalId) 
        AND CONVERT(date, I.Time) = @Date 
        OR NULL IN (Amount, Qty) 
    GROUP BY
        M.Name, M.Id, D.ItemId
    ORDER BY
        (Qty) DESC
END

该存储过程在 where 子句中添加 Date 时返回的结果：

Item	Amount	Qty
KOFTA ANDA	1950	3
HOT N SOUR SOUP	550	1
CHICKEN CHOWMEIN	250	1
CHICKEN KORMA	850	1

我想要的结果是，但在 where 子句中添加 Date 时没有得到它：

Item	Amount	Qty
KOFTA ANDA	1950	3
HOT N SOUR SOUP	550	1
CHICKEN CHOWMEIN	250	1
CHICKEN KORMA	850	1
CRISPY CHICKEN	0	0
MEXICAN BURGER	0	0

Answer 1

如果您不在 WHERE 子句中输入发票条件怎么办？

样本数据

create table Categories (
 Id int primary key, 
 Name varchar(30) not null,
 TerminalId int not null
);

create table MenuItems (
 Id int identity(21,1) primary key, 
 Name varchar(30) not null,
 CategoryId int not null, 
 foreign key (CategoryId) references Categories(Id)
);

create table Invoices (
 Id int identity(31,1) primary key,
 TerminalId int not null, 
 ItemId int not null, 
 Time datetime, 
 foreign key (ItemId) references MenuItems(Id)
);

create table InvoiceDetails (
 InvoiceDetailId int identity(41,1) primary key, 
 InvoiceId int,
 Amount decimal(10,2), 
 Qty int, 
 foreign key (InvoiceId) references Invoices(Id)
);

insert into Categories (Id, Name, TerminalId) values
(1,'KOFTA', 1), 
(2,'SOUP', 1), 
(3,'CHICKEN', 1), 
(4,'BURGER', 1);

insert into MenuItems (CategoryId, Name) values
(1,'KOFTA ANDA'), 
(2,'HOT N SOUR SOUP'), 
(3,'CHICKEN CHOWMEIN'), 
(3,'CHICKEN KORMA'), 
(3,'CRISPY CHICKEN'), 
(4,'MEXICAN BURGER');

insert into Invoices (ItemId, TerminalId, Time)
select itm.Id, cat.TerminalId, GetDate() as Time
from MenuItems itm
join Categories cat on cat.Id = itm.CategoryId
where itm.Name in (       
'KOFTA ANDA', 
'HOT N SOUR SOUP', 
'CHICKEN CHOWMEIN', 
'CHICKEN KORMA'
);

insert into InvoiceDetails (InvoiceId, Amount, Qty) values
(31, 1950, 3),
(32, 550, 1),
(33, 250, 1),
(34, 850, 1);

查询

DECLARE @TerminalId INT = 1;
DECLARE @Date DATE = GetDate();

SELECT
 V.[Date], 
 C.Name AS Category, 
 M.Name AS MenuItemName, 
 ISNULL(SUM(D.Amount), 0) AS Amount,
 ISNULL(SUM(D.Qty), 0) AS Qty
FROM Categories AS C 
CROSS JOIN (SELECT @Date AS [Date], @TerminalId AS TerminalId) V
JOIN MenuItems AS M 
ON M.CategoryId = C.Id
LEFT JOIN Invoices I
  ON I.ItemId = M.Id
 AND I.TerminalId = V.TerminalId
 AND CAST(I.Time AS DATE) = V.[Date]
LEFT JOIN InvoiceDetails AS D 
  ON D.InvoiceId = I.Id
WHERE C.TerminalId = V.TerminalId
GROUP BY V.[Date], C.Id, M.Id, C.Name, M.Name
ORDER BY SUM(D.Qty) DESC

Date	Category	MenuItemName	Amount	Qty
2021-12-18	KOFTA	KOFTA ANDA	1950.00	3
2021-12-18	SOUP	HOT N SOUR SOUP	550.00	1
2021-12-18	CHICKEN	CHICKEN CHOWMEIN	250.00	1
2021-12-18	CHICKEN	CHICKEN KORMA	850.00	1
2021-12-18	CHICKEN	CRISPY CHICKEN	0.00	0
2021-12-18	BURGER	MEXICAN BURGER	0.00	0

dbfiddle here

上的演示

Answer 2

这是我对你的目标的破解。注意变化。我发现 Category 表中对 TerminalId 的引用非常可疑 - 以至于我怀疑这是模型缺陷。沿着这些思路，我注意到 TerminalId 应该有一个外键来指向终端的缺失表。所以我忽略了。

这样，对 Category 的引用现在就无关紧要了。所以这也被删除了。我还更改了程序名称，因为我发现对“day”的引用具有误导性。由于零售（尤其是食品服务）销售额在一周中的每一天都在不断变化，因此很有可能会以“天”为基础评估“菜单性能”。所以我们不要误导任何人认为这就是这个过程的作用。

为了简单明了，我删除了 ISNULL 用法。如果需要，可以将其添加回来，但结果集的使用者通常会更好地处理这些事情。我将 ORDER BY 子句作为存根留给您重新评估（您需要）。

那么这是如何工作的呢？只需直接在 CTE 中计算总和，然后从菜单项外连接到 CTE 总和，以获得所有菜单项以及指定日期的相关性能信息。

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.GetMenuPerformanceByDate
    @Date date, 
    @Terminal int
AS
BEGIN 
    with sales as (
       select det.ItemId, SUM(det.Amount) as amt, SUM(det.Qty) as qty 
         from dbo.Invoices as inv
        inner join dbo.InvoiceDetails as det 
           on inv.Id = det.InvoiceId
       where cast(inv.Time as date) = @Date 
         and inv.TerminalId = @Terminal 
       group by det.ItemId 
    )
    select menu.name, sales.amt, sales.qty 
      from dbo.MenuItems as menu
      left join sales 
        on menu.Id = sles.ItemId 
    order by ...
    ;
END;

最后一点。这个过滤器：

cast(inv.Time as date) = @Date 

通常不是过滤日期时间列的好方法。使用包容性的下界和独占的上界要好得多，例如：

inv.Time >= @date and inv.Time < dateadd(day, 1, @date)

为this reason。

我的最后一点 - MenuItems 存在潜在缺陷。大概“名字”是独一无二的。多行具有相同名称的可能性极小，但“不太可能”不是限制。如果您根据名称生成行并且名称结果不是唯一的，则您的结果难以解释。