PyInstaller 和 python-docx 模块不能一起工作

Question

我正在尝试制作我的程序的可执行文件以提供给我的 FTC 团队。一切正常，但是当我尝试使用其中包含 python-docx 的脚本时，它并没有完成整个事情。当我在 PyCharm 和终端中运行它时，它可以工作。这是代码。我有python3。

from tkinter import *
import sys,math,random,datetime,os,time
import tkinter.messagebox
from tkinter import filedialog
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename
from tkinter.messagebox import showerror
from time import gmtime, strftime
from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Inches
import xlsxwriter

export = "Excel"
job = "No Job"
current_time = strftime("%m-%d-%Y", gmtime())
root = Tk()

TextArea = Text(width=60,height=17,pady=0)
task = Entry(width=90)
task.insert(10, "Task:")
e1 = Entry()
e1.insert(10, "First Name")
e2 = Entry()
e2.insert(10, "Last Name")
TextArea.insert(END, "Reflection:")
title = ["Titan Tech ", "Caleb Fahlgren made this!", "Python is life!", "FIRST Robotics!","This program is over 200 lines of code!"]
title = (random.choice(title))
root.title(title)
root.geometry("680x600")

#Submit Button
#This definition writes to the excel file
def Submit():
    submit = tkinter.messagebox.askquestion("Submit Entry", "Are you sure you want to submit?")
    if submit == "yes":
        current_time = strftime("%m-%d-%Y %H:%M", gmtime())
        fullname = "%s %s" % (e1.get(), e2.get())
        lastname = "%s" % (e2.get())
        task1 = "%s" % (task.get())
        alltext = TextArea.get("1.0",END)
        workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('Titan Tech ' + (strftime("%m-%d-%Y", gmtime())) + '.xlsx')
        worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
        format_text = workbook.add_format()
        format_text.set_text_wrap()
        cell_format = workbook.add_format({'align': 'center','valign': 'vcenter','border': 1,'text_wrap': 1})
        middle = workbook.add_format({'align':'center'})
        worksheet.merge_range('A5:G20', "", cell_format)
        worksheet.merge_range('A4:G4', "", cell_format)
        bold = workbook.add_format({'bold': 1})
        worksheet.write('A1', 'Name:',bold)
        worksheet.write('A4', task1)
        worksheet.write_string('B1',fullname, bold)
        worksheet.merge_range('A2:B2', "", cell_format)
        worksheet.merge_range('D2:E2', "", cell_format)
        worksheet.write_string('A2',"Student Initials")
        worksheet.write_string('C2',"_______",middle)
        worksheet.write_string('D2',"Mentor Initials")
        worksheet.write_string('F2',"_______",middle)
        worksheet.write('E1', 'Date:',bold)
        worksheet.write('F1',(strftime("%m-%d-%Y", gmtime())),bold)
        worksheet.write_rich_string('A5',alltext ,cell_format)
        userconfirm = tkinter.messagebox.showinfo("Save","Your entry has been saved to an " + export + " document!")
        workbook.close()

def Reset():
    python = sys.executable
    os.execl(python, python, * sys.argv)

def keypress(event):
    if event.keysym == 'Escape':
        root.destroy()

def Quit():
    quitask = tkinter.messagebox.askquestion("Quit", "Are you sure you want to quit?")
    if quitask == "yes":
        root.destroy()


firstname = Label(root, text="First Name",font=("Helvetica", 12),fg="green")
lastname = Label(root, text="Last Name",font=("Helvetica", 12),fg="green")
time = Label(root, text=current_time, font=("Helvetica", 12),fg="black")

ScrollBar = Scrollbar(root)
ScrollBar.config(command=TextArea.yview)
TextArea.config(yscrollcommand=ScrollBar.set)
ScrollBar.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)


def cf():
    e1.delete(0, 'end')
    e2.delete(0, 'end')
    e1.insert(10, "Sample")
    e2.insert(10, "Name 1")
def al():
    e1.delete(0, 'end')
    e2.delete(0, 'end')
    e1.insert(10, "Sample")
    e2.insert(10, "Name 2")
def cm():
    e1.delete(0, 'end')
    e2.delete(0, 'end')
    e1.insert(10, "Sample")
    e2.insert(10, "Name 3")
def np():
    e1.delete(0, 'end')
    e2.delete(0, 'end')
    e1.insert(10, "Sample")
    e2.insert(10, "Name 4")
def cp():
    e1.delete(0, 'end')
    e2.delete(0, 'end')
    e1.insert(10, "Sample")
    e2.insert(10, "Name 5")
def ns():
    e1.delete(0, 'end')
    e2.delete(0, 'end')
    e1.insert(10, "Sample")
    e2.insert(10, "Name 6")
def ct():
    e1.delete(0, 'end')
    e2.delete(0, 'end')
    e1.insert(10, "Sample")
    e2.insert(10, "Name 7")
def kt():
    e1.delete(0, 'end')
    e2.delete(0, 'end')
    e1.insert(10, "Sample")
    e2.insert(10, "Name 8")
def mt():
    e1.delete(0, 'end')
    e2.delete(0, 'end')
    e1.insert(10, "Sample")
    e2.insert(10, "Name 9")
def ek():
    e1.delete(0, 'end')
    e2.delete(0, 'end')
    e1.insert(10, "Sample")
    e2.insert(10, "Name 10")
def n():
    e1.delete(0, 'end')
    e2.delete(0, 'end')
    e1.insert(10, "Team")
    e2.insert(10, "Name")
def other():

    e1.delete(0, 'end')
    e2.delete(0, 'end')

def TextFile():
    current_time = strftime("%m-%d-%Y", gmtime())
    fullname = "%s %s" % (e1.get(), e2.get())
    lastname = "%s" % (e2.get())
    task1 = "%s" % (task.get())
    alltext = TextArea.get("1.0",END)
    textfile1 = tkinter.messagebox.askquestion("Text File", "Are you sure you want to export as a text file?")
    if textfile1 == "yes":
        textfile = open('Titan Tech' + (strftime("%m-%d-%Y", gmtime())) + '.txt',"w")
        textfile.write("Titan Tech  | Team # 10385   ")
        textfile.write("Name: " + fullname)
        textfile.write("        " + "Date: " + current_time)
        textfile.write('\n' + '\n' + task1)
        textfile.write('\n' + '\n' + alltext)
        textfile.close()
        tkinter.messagebox.showinfo("Save", "You have exported to text file successfully. It is in the location of this program.")

def helpmenusave():
    helpsaveconfirm = tkinter.messagebox.showinfo("Save", "This program exports the Excel, World, or text document to the location of this program!")

def userinterfacemenu():
    helpuserinterface = tkinter.messagebox.showinfo("User Interface", "The Users tab is where you can click on your name to autofill the name text boxes. The Export tab is where you choose to export to a specific format.")

def Open():
    textopen = tkinter.filedialog.askopenfile(mode='r', filetypes=[('Text Files', '*.txt'),('All Files', '*')])
    if textopen != None:
        txtopen = textopen.read()
        TextArea.delete(1.0,END)
        TextArea.insert(END,txtopen)
        tkinter.messagebox.showinfo("Open",  "Success!")
        try:
            txtopen.close()
        except AttributeError:
            print("Attribute Error")

menubar = Menu(root)
filemenu = Menu(menubar,tearoff = 0)
filemenu.add_command(label="New",command=Reset)
filemenu.add_command(label="Open",command=Open)
filemenu.add_command(label="Exit",command=Quit)
menubar.add_cascade(label="File",menu=filemenu)

#help menu
helpmenu = Menu(menubar,tearoff = 0)
helpmenu.add_command(label="None", command=n)
helpmenu.add_command(label="Sample Name 1", command=cf)
helpmenu.add_command(label="Sample Name 2", command=al)
helpmenu.add_command(label="Sample Name 3", command=cm)
helpmenu.add_command(label="Sample Name 4", command=np)
helpmenu.add_command(label="Sample Name 5",command=cp)
helpmenu.add_command(label="Sample Name 6",command=ns)
helpmenu.add_command(label="Sample Name 7",command=ct)
helpmenu.add_command(label="Sample Name 8",command=kt)
helpmenu.add_command(label="Sample Name 9",command=mt)
helpmenu.add_command(label="Sample Name 10", command=ek)
helpmenu.add_command(label="Other", command=other)
menubar.add_cascade(label="Users",menu=helpmenu)

这就是问题所在。它在 Pycharm 和终端中工作，但是当我用 PyInstaller 编译它时，它只执行 wordsaveask = tkinter.messagebox.askquestion 行，但它下面什么都没有。它应该创建 Word 文件，但没有。我也没有收到任何错误消息。

def Word():
    current_time = strftime("%m-%d-%Y", gmtime())
    lastname = "%s" % (e2.get())
    fullname = "%s %s" % (e1.get(), e2.get())
    task1 = "%s" % (task.get())
    alltext = TextArea.get("1.0",END)
    wordsaveask = tkinter.messagebox.askquestion("Save", "Are you sure you want to export to a Microsoft Word file?")
    if wordsaveask == ("yes") :
        document = Document()
        document.add_heading('FTC Titan Tech Summary', 0)
        document.add_paragraph('Titan Tech  | Team # 10385')
        document.add_paragraph('Mentor Initials ____           Student Initials _____')
        document.add_paragraph('Name: ' + fullname)
        document.add_paragraph('Date: ' + current_time)
        document.add_paragraph(task1)
        document.add_paragraph(alltext)
        document.save('Titan Tech ' + (strftime("%m-%d-%Y", gmtime())) + '.docx')
        tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('Save', 'The program has exported the information to a Microsoft Word document!')

#export 
exportmenu = Menu(menubar, tearoff = 0)
exportmenu.add_command(label="Microsoft Excel",command=Submit)
exportmenu.add_command(label="Microsoft Word",command=Word)
exportmenu.add_command(label="Text File",command=TextFile)
menubar.add_cascade(label="Export",menu=exportmenu)

helpmenu = Menu(menubar, tearoff = 0)
helpmenu.add_command(label="Save Help", command=helpmenusave)
helpmenu.add_command(label="User Interface", command=userinterfacemenu)
menubar.add_cascade(label="Help",menu=helpmenu)
root.config(menu=menubar)

Submit = Button(root, fg="white", bg="green", text="Submit", width=50, command=Submit, activebackground="yellow")
Quit = Button(root, fg="white", bg="green", text="Quit", width=50, command=Quit,activebackground="yellow")

root.bind_all('<Key>', keypress)
firstname.pack()
e1.pack()
lastname.pack()
e2.pack()
time.pack()
task.pack()
TextArea.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH)
Submit.pack()
Quit.pack()
mainloop()

Answer 1

Pyinstaller 不包含 docx 模块（我有同样的问题，我会为其他人编写它，因为我找不到合适的教程如何修复它）

如果您安装了 Pyinstaller，请在 cmd 中使用：

pyi-makespec your_py_file_name.py

此命令会创建 .spec 文件，但不会继续构建可执行文件。

在记事本中打开 .spec 文件并添加以下内容进行编辑：

import sys
from os import path
site_packages = next(p for p in sys.path if 'site-packages' in p)

和

datas=[(path.join(site_packages,"docx","templates"), "docx/templates")],

我的示例 .spec 文件如下所示

# -*- mode: python -*-

import sys
from os import path
site_packages = next(p for p in sys.path if 'site-packages' in p)
block_cipher = None


a = Analysis(['xml_reader.py'],
             pathex=['C:\\Users\\Lenovo\\Desktop\\exe'],
             binaries=[],
             datas=[(path.join(site_packages,"docx","templates"), 
"docx/templates")],
             hiddenimports=[],
             hookspath=[],
             runtime_hooks=[],
             excludes=[],
             win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
             win_private_assemblies=False,
             cipher=block_cipher)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
             cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          exclude_binaries=True,
          name='xml_reader',
          debug=False,
          strip=False,
          upx=True,
          console=True )
coll = COLLECT(exe,
               a.binaries,
               a.zipfiles,
               a.datas,
               strip=False,
               upx=True,
               name='xml_reader')

在cmd中输入exe文件

pyinstaller your_py_file_name.spec

它应该生成你的可执行文件所在的 dist 文件夹

Answer 2

一个大问题是，如果出现错误，错误就会丢失：

from tkinter import *
import tkinter.messagebox

root = Tk()

def Word():
    wordsaveask = tkinter.messagebox.askquestion("Save", "do you want to save?")
    if wordsaveask == ("yes"):
        with open('Titan Tech.docx',"w") as f:
            f.write("TEST")
        tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('Saved', 'The file was made')
    else:
        tkinter.messagebox.showinfo("ok","did not save")

button = Button(root,text="test",command=Word)

button.pack()

mainloop()

这在正常运行时对我有用，但在打包的应用程序中失败，并且无法访问控制台我看不到错误消息，因此这是一种将它们显示到 tk 应用程序的方法：

from tkinter import *
import tkinter.messagebox

root = Tk()

def Word():
    try: #SOMETHING HERE IS GOING WRONG
        wordsaveask = tkinter.messagebox.askquestion("Save", "Are you sure you want to export to a Microsoft Word file?")
        if wordsaveask == ("yes"):
            with open('Titan Tech.docx',"w") as f:
                f.write("TEST")
            tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('Save', 'The program has exported the information to a Microsoft Word document!')
        else:
            tkinter.messagebox.showinfo("ok","did not save")
    except:
        import traceback
        tkinter.messagebox.showinfo("ERROR",traceback.format_exc())
        raise # Errors should never pass silently. - The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters

button = Button(root,text="test",command=Word)

button.pack()

mainloop()

一旦我运行它，我就会得到这个方便的小弹出窗口：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/Tadhg/Documents/codes/test.app/Contents/Resources/main.py", line 10, in Word
    with open('Titan Tech.docx',"w") as f:
PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: 'Titan Tech.docx'

这有望让您调试您的应用程序以了解发生了什么，希望对您有所帮助:)