PIL将透明PNG加载为RGB？答案

【问题标题】：PIL Loading a Transparent PNG as RGB?PIL将透明PNG加载为RGB？
【发布时间】：2017-02-14 02:08:39
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试使用 PIL 合成一些航拍图像并遇到了一些麻烦。我使用 PIL 来加载 this image 的代码：

composite = Image.new('RGBA', (256, 256))
url = 'http://...'
resp = requests.get(url)
content = StringIO(resp.content)
image = Image.open(content)
composite.paste(image, (0, 0), image)

当我拨打composite.paste() 时，PIL 给了我错误“ValueError：透明蒙版错误”。当我打印image.mode 时，果然是RGB 而不是预期的RGBA（paste() 需要）。

我下载的 PNG 的 alpha 通道在哪里？

【问题讨论】：

标签： python python-imaging-library

【解决方案1】：

下面的代码对我有用：

from PIL import Image
import requests
import StringIO

url = "https://gis.apfo.usda.gov/arcgis/rest/services/NAIP/Tennessee_2016_60cm/ImageServer/exportImage?bbox=-87.1875,34.3071438563,-84.375,36.5978891331&bboxSR=4326&size=256,256&imageSR=102113&transparent=true&format=png&f=image"
resp = requests.get(url)
content = StringIO.StringIO(resp.content)
image = Image.open(content)
image = image.convert('RGBA')
composite = Image.new("RGBA", image.size, (255,255,255,0))
composite.paste(image )

【讨论】：

谢谢，关键是"image.convert('RGBA')"。

【解决方案2】：

据我所知，图片是RGBA。看看结果

$ convert exportImage.png -verbose info

Image: exportImage.png
  Format: PNG (Portable Network Graphics)
  Mime type: image/png
  Class: DirectClass
  Geometry: 256x256+0+0
  Units: Undefined
  Type: TrueColorAlpha
  Endianess: Undefined
  Colorspace: sRGB
  Depth: 8-bit
  Channel depth:
    red: 8-bit
    green: 8-bit
    blue: 8-bit
    alpha: 1-bit

Channel statistics:
    Pixels: 65536
    Red:
      min: 39 (0.152941)
      max: 253 (0.992157)
      mean: 133.019 (0.521641)
      standard deviation: 75.3931 (0.295659)
      kurtosis: -1.05835
      skewness: 0.86831
    Green:
      min: 59 (0.231373)
      max: 253 (0.992157)
      mean: 152.489 (0.597998)
      standard deviation: 62.9948 (0.247038)
      kurtosis: -1.03932
      skewness: 0.87929
    Blue:
      min: 39 (0.152941)
      max: 253 (0.992157)
      mean: 135.817 (0.532617)
      standard deviation: 72.8752 (0.285785)
      kurtosis: -1.01856
      skewness: 0.929917
    Alpha:
      min: 0 (0)
      max: 255 (1)
      mean: 185.273 (0.726562)
      standard deviation: 113.659 (0.445723)
      kurtosis: -0.966513
      skewness: 1.01661
  Image statistics:
    Overall:
      min: 0 (0)
      max: 255 (1)
      mean: 122.763 (0.481424)
      standard deviation: 83.4891 (0.327408)
      kurtosis: -0.482848
      skewness: 0.432253
  Alpha: srgba(253,253,253,0)   #FDFDFD00  --------> (1)

等等。

现在，让我们使用PIL 和 Python 3 加载图像：

from PIL import Image
from io import BytesIO

url = "..."
resp = requests.get(url)
cont = BytesIO(resp.content)
img = Image.open(cont)
comp = Image.new('RGBA', (256, 256), (255, 255, 255, 0))  # 0 for transparency
comp.paste(img, (0, 0))

这是因为上面图像统计中的 eqn (1) 我们必须在制作新图像时也提供0。

【讨论】：