使用 Javascript 在两个幻灯片之间切换答案

【问题标题】：Switching Between Two Slideshows with Javascript使用 Javascript 在两个幻灯片之间切换
【发布时间】：2016-11-01 04:27:06
【问题描述】：

我有一个带有幻灯片的网页。幻灯片有三张图片。我想在页面上有一个按钮，使用户能够在此幻灯片和另一个带有五张不同图片的幻灯片之间切换。我将如何使用 JavaScript 对这个按钮进行编程，我将在 HTML 中的何处添加第二个幻灯片？

当前 HTML：

<div class="slideshow-container">
  <div class="mySlides fade">
    <div class="numbertext">1 / 3</div>
    <img src="img1.jpg" style="width:100%">
    <div class="text">Caption Text</div>
  </div>

  <div class="mySlides fade">
    <div class="numbertext">2 / 3</div>
    <img src="img2.jpg" style="width:100%">
    <div class="text">Caption Two</div>
  </div>

  <div class="mySlides fade">
    <div class="numbertext">3 / 3</div>
    <img src="img3.jpg" style="width:100%">
    <div class="text">Caption Three</div>
  </div>

  <a class="prev" onclick="plusSlides(-1)">&#10094;</a>
  <a class="next" onclick="plusSlides(1)">&#10095;</a>
</div>
<br>

<div style="text-align:center">
  <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(1)"></span>
  <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(2)"></span>
  <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(3)"></span>
</div>
<button>Switch Slideshow</button>

当前的 CSS：

 /* Slideshow container */
.slideshow-container {
  max-width: 1000px;
  position: relative;
  margin: auto;
}

/* Next & previous buttons */
.prev, .next {
  cursor: pointer;
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  width: auto;
  margin-top: -22px;
  padding: 16px;
  color: white;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 18px;
  transition: 0.6s ease;
  border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;
}

/* Position the "next button" to the right */
.next {
  right: 0;
  border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;
}

/* On hover, add a black background color with a little bit see-through */
.prev:hover, .next:hover {
  background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.8);
}

/* Caption text */
.text {
  color: #f2f2f2;
  font-size: 15px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 8px;
  width: 100%;
  text-align: center;
}

/* Number text (1/3 etc) */
.numbertext {
  color: #f2f2f2;
  font-size: 12px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
}

/* The dots/bullets/indicators */
.dot {
  cursor:pointer;
  height: 13px;
  width: 13px;
  margin: 0 2px;
  background-color: #bbb;
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: inline-block;
  transition: background-color 0.6s ease;
}

.active, .dot:hover {
  background-color: #717171;
}

/* Fading animation */
.fade {
  -webkit-animation-name: fade;
  -webkit-animation-duration: 1.5s;
  animation-name: fade;
  animation-duration: 1.5s;
}

@-webkit-keyframes fade {
  from {opacity: .4}
  to {opacity: 1}
}

@keyframes fade {
  from {opacity: .4}
  to {opacity: 1}
}

当前的 JavaScript：

var slideIndex = 1;
showSlides(slideIndex);

function plusSlides(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex += n);
}

function currentSlide(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex = n);
}

function showSlides(n) {
  var i;
  var slides = document.getElementsByClassName("mySlides");
  var dots = document.getElementsByClassName("dot");
  if (n > slides.length) {slideIndex = 1}
  if (n < 1) {slideIndex = slides.length}
  for (i = 0; i < slides.length; i++) {
      slides[i].style.display = "none";
  }
  for (i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
      dots[i].className = dots[i].className.replace(" active", "");
  }
  slides[slideIndex-1].style.display = "block";
  dots[slideIndex-1].className += " active";
}

非常感谢！

【问题讨论】：

标签： javascript html slideshow

【解决方案1】：

嗯，您首先需要能够动态创建幻灯片。只有这样，您才能交换进出不同的幻灯片。我试图不重构您现有的代码。另外，我没有使用 jQuery（我个人会使用它）。只需为每张幻灯片生成标记并将其设置在幻灯片 div 上。我必须创建一个内部 div，以免按钮被覆盖。

var slideshowIndex = 1;
var slideIndex = 1;
var slideshows = [
  [
    'http://placehold.it/500x300/f00/0ff?text=Foo',
    'http://placehold.it/500x300/0f0/f0f?text=Bar',
    'http://placehold.it/500x300/00f/ff0?text=Baz'
  ], [
    'http://placehold.it/500x300/f70/07f?text=Fizz',
    'http://placehold.it/500x300/0f7/f07?text=Buzz',
    'http://placehold.it/500x300/70f/7f0?text=Bang'
  ]
];
var buttonTextArr = [ 'Show Images', 'Show Pages' ];
function createSlides(slides) {
  return slides.map(function(slide, index) {
    return [
      '<div class="mySlides fade">',
      '<div class="numbertext">' + (index + 1) + ' / ' + slides.length + '</div>',
      '<img src="' + slide + '">',
      '<div class="text">Caption #' + (index + 1) + '</div>',
      '</div>'
    ].join('');
  }).join('');
}
function createDots(slides) {
  return slides.map(function(slide, index) {
    return '<span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(' + (index + 1) + ')"></span>'
  }).join('');
}
function loadSlideshow(slides) {
  document.getElementsByClassName('slideshow-slides')[0].innerHTML = createSlides(slides);
  document.getElementsByClassName('dots')[0].innerHTML = createDots(slides);
}
function loadNextSlideshow() {
  slideshowIndex = (slideshowIndex + 1) % 2;
  loadSlideshow(slideshows[slideshowIndex]);
  slideIndex = 1; // Reset index
  showSlides(slideIndex);
  document.getElementsByClassName('switch')[0].innerHTML = buttonTextArr[slideshowIndex];
}

loadNextSlideshow(); // Load the slideshow

function plusSlides(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex += n);
}
function currentSlide(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex = n);
}
function showSlides(n) {
  var i;
  var slides = document.getElementsByClassName("mySlides");
  var dots = document.getElementsByClassName("dot");
  if (n > slides.length) {
    slideIndex = 1
  }
  if (n < 1) {
    slideIndex = slides.length
  }
  for (i = 0; i < slides.length; i++) {
    slides[i].style.display = "none";
  }
  for (i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
    dots[i].className = dots[i].className.replace(" active", "");
  }
  slides[slideIndex - 1].style.display = "block";
  dots[slideIndex - 1].className += " active";
}

/* Slideshow container */
.slideshow-container {
  max-width: 1000px;
  position: relative;
  margin: auto;
}

/* Next & previous buttons */
.prev, .next {
  cursor: pointer;
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  width: auto;
  margin-top: -22px;
  padding: 16px;
  color: white;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 18px;
  transition: 0.6s ease;
  border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;
  text-shadow: 0.05em 0.05em 0.25em #000;
}

/* Position the "next button" to the right */
.next {
  right: 0;
  border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;
}

/* On hover, add a black background color with a little bit see-through */
.prev:hover, .next:hover {
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
}

/* Caption text */
.text {
  color: #f2f2f2;
  font-size: 15px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 8px;
  width: 100%;
  text-align: center;
}

/* Number text (1/3 etc) */
.numbertext {
  color: #f2f2f2;
  font-size: 12px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
}

/* The dots/bullets/indicators */
.dot {
  cursor: pointer;
  height: 13px;
  width: 13px;
  margin: 0 2px;
  background-color: #bbb;
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: inline-block;
  transition: background-color 0.6s ease;
}
.active, .dot:hover {
  background-color: #717171;
}

/* Fading animation */
.fade {
  -webkit-animation-name: fade;
  -webkit-animation-duration: 1.5s;
  animation-name: fade;
  animation-duration: 1.5s;
}

@-webkit-keyframes fade {
  from { opacity: 0.4 }
  to   { opacity: 1 }
}
@keyframes fade {
  from { opacity: 0.4 }
  to   { opacity: 1 }
}

<div class="slideshow-container">
  <div class="slideshow-slides"></div>
  <a class="prev" onClick="plusSlides(-1)">&#10094;</a>
  <a class="next" onClick="plusSlides(1)">&#10095;</a>
</div>
<br />
<div class="dots" style="text-align:center"></div>
<button class="switch" onClick="loadNextSlideshow()">Switch Slideshow</button>

【讨论】：

谢谢！这很好用。请问您是否知道如何调整 JavaScript 以在您单击按钮时更改按钮上的文本。所以，假设按钮上的文本以“显示图像”开始，当你点击它后，我希望它显示“显示页面”，如果你再次点击，然后返回到“显示图像”。跨度>
@A.Kimberley：我添加了一个基于幻灯片索引的文本数组。请参阅viewing the history 的更新说明。
@Polywhirl：谢谢！这也很有效。对，我要去好好学习 JavaScript 和 Jquery，这样我就可以自己尝试一些这些东西了！

【解决方案2】：

在这里创建了 plunker。请参考以下链接。

https://plnkr.co/edit/xso6MfwOxQJ4PlDpW90y?p=preview

HTML
<div class="slideshow-container">
 <a class="prev" onclick="plusSlides(-1)">&#10094;</a>
 <a class="next" onclick="plusSlides(1)">&#10095;</a>
</div>
<br>

<div style="text-align:center">
 <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(1)"></span>
 <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(2)"></span>
 <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(3)"></span>
</div>
<button>Switch Slideshow</button>

JavaScript: 


var slideShowIndex = 1;
var slideShows= [
   [
        {

          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        },
        {
          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        },
        {
          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        }
    ],
    [
        {

          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        },
        {
          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        },
        {
          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        },
         {
          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        },
         {
          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        }
    ]
  ]

buildSlideShow();

var slideIndex = 1;
showSlides(slideIndex);

function plusSlides(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex += n);
}

function currentSlide(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex = n);
}


function showSlides(n) {
  var i;
  var slides = document.getElementsByClassName("mySlides");
  var dots = document.getElementsByClassName("dot");
  if (n > slides.length) {slideIndex = 1}
  if (n < 1) {slideIndex = slides.length}
  for (i = 0; i < slides.length; i++) {
      slides[i].style.display = "none";
  }
  for (i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
      dots[i].className = dots[i].className.replace(" active", "");
  }
  slides[slideIndex-1].style.display = "block";
  dots[slideIndex-1].className += " active";
}


function buildSlideShow(){
  var slideText = '';
  var slides = document.getElementsByClassName("slideshow-container");
  var slidesToRender = slideShows[slideShowIndex-1];
  slidesToRender.forEach(function(value,index){
    slideText += '<div class="mySlides fade"><div class="numbertext">'+ index+1+ '/'+slidesToRender.length + '</div><img src="'+value.image+'" style="width:100%"><div class="text">'+value.caption+'</div></div>';
  });
  slides[0].innerHtml = slideText;

}

希望这对你有用。

【讨论】：