我必须刷新页面才能运行 Greasemonkey 脚本？

Question

所以我知道这与 AJAX 有关，但我已经阅读了一些主题并且不太明白我必须做什么。目前一切正常，但我必须刷新页面才能运行我的脚本。需要对我的代码执行什么操作才能使其在不刷新的情况下正常工作？

// ==UserScript==
// @name    Job Aids
// @description Aid in closing tickets
// @include https://techaccess.ad.qintra.com/WorkJobs/WorkJobs.aspx*
// @namespace   camzilla.net
// @version     1.1.20121128
// ==/UserScript==

var url  = window.location.href.split(".aspx");
var page = url[1].toLowerCase();

if (page == "#finaltest") {
    window.addEventListener ("load", finalResults, false);
} else if (page == "#threetoneslope") {
    window.addEventListener ("load", toneSlopeResults, false);
} else if (page == "#codes") {
    window.addEventListener ("load", closingComments, false);
} else if (page == "#cras") {
    window.addEventListener ("load", crasResults, false);
} else if (page == "#jobinfo") {
    window.addEventListener ("load", addLinks, false);
} else if (page == "") {
    if (getCookie("updater") == null) {
        var d = new Date();

        setCookie("updater", d.getTime(), 1);
        try {
            updateCheck();
        } catch(err) {
            // alert('Update checking failed');
        }
    }

    // setTimeout(promptDispatch, 1000);
}

function addLinks() {
    var mydiv   = document.querySelector('div[data-bind="CurrentJob.addr"]');
    var address = 'https://maps.google.com/maps?q=' + mydiv.textContent + ", UT";
    address.replace(/ /g, '+');  
    var a       = document.createElement("a");
    var txt     = document.createTextNode(mydiv.textContent);
    mydiv.textContent = "";
    a.appendChild(txt);
    a.href   = address;
    a.target = '_blank';
    mydiv.appendChild(a);

    mydiv   = document.querySelector('div[data-bind="CurrentJob.cktid"]');
    address = 'http://acmspjv1.interprise.com/cgi-bin/QC/DSL/dslam6100Int.pl?telephoneNum=';
    address+= mydiv.textContent;
    a       = document.createElement("a");
    txt     = document.createTextNode(mydiv.textContent);
    mydiv.textContent = "";
    a.appendChild(txt);
    a.href   = address;
    a.target = '_blank';
    mydiv.appendChild(a);
}

function updateCheck() {
    try {
        GM_xmlhttpRequest(
        {
            method: 'GET',
            url: 'http://camzilla.net/downloads/jobAids.user.js?v' + getCookie("updater"),
            headers: {'Cache-Control': 'no-cache'},
            onload: function(resp) {
                var local_version, remote_version, rt, script_name;

                rt = resp.responseText;
                remote_version = (/@version\s*(.*?)\s*$/m.exec(rt)[1]);
                local_version  = GM_info.script.version;

                if (remote_version != local_version) {

                    if(confirm(GM_info.script.name+' update v'+remote_version+ ' is available.\nWould you like to install it now?')) {
                        GM_openInTab('http://camzilla.net/downloads/jobAids.user.js');
                    } else {
                        alert('You will be reminded again tomorrow');
                    }
                }
            }
        });
    } catch(err) {
        // do something here
    }
}

function setCookie(c_name, value, exdays) {
    var exdate=new Date();
    exdate.setDate(exdate.getDate() + exdays);
    var c_value=escape(value) + ((exdays==null) ? "" : "; expires="+exdate.toUTCString());
    document.cookie=c_name + "=" + c_value;
}

function getCookie(c_name) {
    var i,x,y,ARRcookies=document.cookie.split(";");

    for (i=0;i<ARRcookies.length;i++) {

        x=ARRcookies[i].substr(0,ARRcookies[i].indexOf("="));
        y=ARRcookies[i].substr(ARRcookies[i].indexOf("=")+1);
        x=x.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g,"");

        if (x==c_name) {
            return unescape(y);
        }
    }

    return null;
}

function finalResults() {
    var dc, current, loss, noise, pi, lb;

    dc      = getRandom(51, 49, 2);   
    current = getRandom(37, 29, 2);
    loss    = getRandom(7, 2, 2);
    noise   = getRandom(7, 1, 2);
    pi      = getRandom(67, 60, 2);
    lb      = getRandom(79, 70, 2);

    document.getElementById('finalTestInsightNo').click();

    document.getElementById("finalTestBeforeAcTg").value        = "0.00";
    document.getElementById("finalTestBeforeAcRg").value        = "0.00";
    document.getElementById("finalTestBeforeAcTr").value        = "0.00";
    document.getElementById("finalTestBeforeDcTr").value        = dc;
    document.getElementById("finalTestBeforeDcTg").value        = "0.00";
    document.getElementById("finalTestBeforeDcRg").value        = dc;
    document.getElementById("finalTestBeforeLoopCurrent").value = current;
    document.getElementById("finalTestAfterLoss").value         = loss;
    document.getElementById("finalTestAfterNoise").value        = noise;
    document.getElementById("finalTestAfterPi").value           = pi;
    document.getElementById("finalTestAfterLb").value           = lb;

    document.getElementById("finalTestAfterLb").focus();
    window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight-250);

    // Store cookies to be used on cras page if needed
    setCookie("loss", loss, 1);
    setCookie("pi", pi, 1);
    setCookie("current", current, 1);
    setCookie("noise", noise, 1);
    setCookie("lb", lb, 1);
}

function crasResults() {
    document.getElementById("crasCircuitLoss").value    = getCookie("loss");
    document.getElementById("crasPowerInfluence").value = getCookie("pi");
    document.getElementById("crasLineCurrent").value    = getCookie("current");
    document.getElementById("crasCircuitNoise").value   = getCookie("noise");
    document.getElementById("crasBalance").value        = getCookie("lb");

    document.getElementById('crasFoundInF2').click();
}

function toneSlopeResults() {
    var dc = getRandom(51, 49, 2);   

    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeInsightNo").click();
    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeDmarcTaggedYes").click();
    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeClecDtPresentYes").click();

    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeBeforeDcTr").value    = dc;
    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeBeforeDcTg").value    = "0.00";
    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeBeforeDcRg").value    = dc;   
    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeRingbackTr").value    = getRandom(90,85,2);
    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeAfterResistTg").value = getRandom(998,20,0);
    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeAfterResistRg").value = getRandom(998,20,0);
    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeAfterResistTr").value = getRandom(998,20,0);

    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeAfter404").value      = "0.00";
    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeAfter1004").value     = getRandom(7, 3, 2);
    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeAfter2804").value     = "0.00";
    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeAfterNoise").value    = getRandom(7, 1, 2);
    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeAfterLb").value       = getRandom(79, 70, 2);
    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeCotName").value       = "NA";

    document.getElementById("ToneSlopeTn").focus();
}

function closingComments() {
    document.getElementById("flatRateJacks").value = "0";
    document.getElementById("rewiredJacks").value  = "0";

    document.getElementById("tripNo").click();
    document.getElementById("marketMass").click();
    document.getElementById("custTypeRes").click();
    document.getElementById("pairChangeNo").click();
    document.getElementById("tempDropNo").click();
    document.getElementById("goodCbrYes").click();

    document.getElementById("jobCloseComments").focus();
    window.scrollTo(0, 5000);
}

function getRandom(max, min, tenths) {
    var result = min + (Math.random() * (max - min + 1));
    return result.toFixed(tenths);
}

Answer 1

有关更多信息和类似情况，请参阅"addEventListener only working at page refresh?"。

您的脚本所期望的页面元素无疑会在load 事件触发后出现。此外，从您的 cmets 看来，页面的整个部分都被 AJAX 换掉了，但 AJAX 足够礼貌，可以更改 URL 哈希。这意味着您需要触发 hashchange 事件。

在这种情况下不要使用addEventListener ("load"...。将the waitForKeyElements() utility 与hashchange 结合使用。

无需重构整个脚本以使用 jQuery（这将提供更清晰和更健壮的代码），将 function addLinks() {... 之前的所有内容替换为：

// ==UserScript==
// @name        Job Aids
// @description Aid in closing tickets
// @include     https://techaccess.ad.qintra.com/WorkJobs/WorkJobs.aspx*
// @namespace   camzilla.net
// @version     1.1.20121128
// @require     http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.2/jquery.min.js
// @require     https://gist.github.com/raw/2625891/waitForKeyElements.js
// @grant       GM_addStyle
// ==/UserScript==
/*- The @grant directive is needed to work around a design change
    introduced in GM 1.0.   It restores the sandbox.
*/

//-- Pages are "loaded" via AJAX...
window.addEventListener ("hashchange", fireOnNewPage,  false);

waitForKeyElements ("#crasCircuitLoss",                 crasResults);
waitForKeyElements ("#finalTestInsightNo",              finalResults);
waitForKeyElements ("#flatRateJacks",                   closingComments);
waitForKeyElements ("#ToneSlopeInsightNo",              toneSlopeResults);
waitForKeyElements ("div[data-bind="CurrentJob.addr"]", addLinks);

function fireOnNewPage () {
    switch (location.hash.toLowerCase() ) {
        case "#finaltest":
        case "#threetoneslope":
        case "#codes":
        case "#cras":
        case "#jobinfo":
            //-- No action needed, waitForKeyElements() handles this.
        break;
        default:
            if (getCookie("updater") == null) {
                var d = new Date();

                setCookie("updater", d.getTime(), 1);
                try {
                    updateCheck();
                } catch(err) {
                    // alert('Update checking failed');
                }
            }
        break;
    }
}
fireOnNewPage ();   //-- Initial run on initial, full page load.

Answer 2

通过搜索查看网上的一些 ajax 示例。例如：http://www.w3schools.com/ajax/ajax_examples.asp

AJAX，或 (A)synchronous (J)avascript (A)nd (X)ML（有趣的是，如今更倾向于使用 JSON），是一种 Javascript 使用浏览器对象与远程通信的系统服务器。这样做的一般用例是能够更新客户端的界面而无需转到另一个页面。不过，在我们开始之前，请注意几句。

不建议将 Ajax 用于登录身份验证和发布表单 用户可以关闭 Javascript，或者由于 IT 政策可能会限制运行 Javascript

考虑到这一点，建议您不要将 AJAX 用作关键用户功能的唯一解决方案！总是有一个后备！ 注意：此社区 wiki 帖子使用 JQuery 来显示示例 AJAX 调用。推荐给新手，因为它隐藏了进行 AJAX 调用的浏览器兼容性问题。有关 JQuery 的更多信息，请查看 JQuery 网站。

注意：示例使用与 PHP 服务器的通信，但任何服务器端语言都可以使用。

AJAX 回调

function makeAjaxCall() {
  $.ajax({
    url: 'ajax/test.html',
    success: function(data) {
      alert('Horray the AJAX call succeeded!');
    },
    error: function(xhr, error) {
      alert('Holy errors batman!');
    }
  });
}

AJAX 调用的性质

AJAX 调用可以是异步的或同步的。异步意味着浏览器将发出 AJAX 请求并继续做其他事情。同步意味着浏览器将停止它正在执行的操作，直到 AJAX 调用完成。这是两个代码方面差异的示例：

// An asynchronous call
// This is the default
$.ajax({
  url: '/server.php',
  success: function(data) {
    alert('Horray the AJAX call succeeded!');
  },
  error: function(xhr, error) {
    alert('Holy errors batman!');
  }
});
// This will get called right away
myFunction();
Now for a synchronous call:

// A synchronous call
$.ajax({
  url: '/server.php',
  async: false, // set the property here
  success: function(data) {
    alert('Horray the AJAX call succeeded!');
  },
  error: function(xhr, error) {
    alert('Holy errors batman!');
  }
});