如何在每次循环时使用 while 循环添加变量？

Question

我正在编写一个程序，告诉用户输入一个属性的房间数量，然后一个 while 循环找出每个房间的宽度和长度。我觉得我需要while循环来创建两个额外的变量来存储每次迭代时的宽度和长度，但是我不知道如何。 到目前为止，这是我的代码：

roomCount = 1
print("Please answer the questions to find the floor size.")
rooms = int(input("How many rooms has the property got?:\n"))
while roomcount >= rooms:
    print("For room", roomcount,", what is the length?:\n")

不多，但我一直在网上搜索，但没有找到方法。

我希望程序做的是询问用户该物业有多少个房间，然后对于每个房间，它应该询问房间的宽度和长度。然后，程序应该以用户友好的格式显示建筑空间的总面积

更新代码：

currentRoomNumber = 0
currentRoomNumber2 = 0
floorspace = 0
whileLoop = 0
print("Please answer the questions to find the floor size.")
numberOfRooms = int(input("How many rooms has the property got?: "))
roomWidths= list()
roomLengths = list()
while currentRoomNumber < numberOfRooms:
    roomWidths.append(int(input("For room " + str(currentRoomNumber + 1) + ", what is the width?: ")))
    roomLengths.append(int(input("For room " + str(currentRoomNumber + 1) + ", what is the length?: ")))
    currentRoomNumber += 1

while whileLoop < numberOfRooms:
    floorspace += (roomLengths[(currentRoomNumer2)] * roomWidths[(currentRoomNumber2)])
    currentRoomNumber2 += 1
    whileLoop += 1

print(floorspace)

但是，在输入房间尺寸的值后，它在第 15 行给我一个回溯错误，并说 currentRoomNumber2 未定义。我哪里出错了？

Answer 1

从你的问题看来，这就是你想要的：

    print("Please answer the questions to find the floor size.")
    numberOfRooms = int(input("How many rooms has the property got?: "))
    currentRoomNumber = 0
    roomLengths = list()
    while currentRoomNumber < numberOfRooms:
        roomLengths.append(int(input("For room " + str(currentRoomNumber + 1) + ", what is the length?: ")))
        currentRoomNumber += 1
    print roomLengths

这会将每个房间的长度放入一个列表中（记住房间“1”根据用户是房间“0”给你）。

当你运行它时，它看起来像这样（我把每个房间的长度作为房间号）：

    Please answer the questions to find the floor size.                                                                                                                                                  
    How many rooms has the property got?: 5                                                                                                                                                              
    For room 1, what is the length?: 1                                                                                                                                                                   
    For room 2, what is the length?: 2                                                                                                                                                                   
    For room 3, what is the length?: 3                                                                                                                                                                   
    For room 4, what is the length?: 4                                                                                                                                                                   
    For room 5, what is the length?: 5                                                                                                                                                                   
    [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 

如我之前所说，要访问每个房间的长度，请确保将房间“1”（长度 1）引用为房间“0”，这意味着您将其引用为：

    print roomLengths[0]

这可能很简单，但我想向您说明一下，因为您问的是如何“创建变量”，实际上您想要的是一个列表，因为您不知道要创建多少个“变量”创造;所以这个列表可以有你需要的房间长度。

要在其中添加宽​​度，您只需添加另一个列表并像这样输入：

    print("Please answer the questions to find the floor size.")
    numberOfRooms = int(input("How many rooms has the property got?: "))
    currentRoomNumber = 0
    roomWidths= list()
    roomLengths = list()
    while currentRoomNumber < numberOfRooms:
        roomWidths.append(int(input("For room " + str(currentRoomNumber + 1) + ", what is the width?: ")))
        roomLengths.append(int(input("For room " + str(currentRoomNumber + 1) + ", what is the length?: ")))
        currentRoomNumber += 1
    print "Room widths:"
    print roomWidths
    print "Room lengths:"
    print roomLengths

脚本的输出/运行将是这样的：

    Please answer the questions to find the floor size.                                                                                                                                                  
    How many rooms has the property got?: 3                                                                                                                                                              
    For room 1, what is the width?: 1                                                                                                                                                                    
    For room 1, what is the length?: 2                                                                                                                                                                   
    For room 2, what is the width?: 3                                                                                                                                                                    
    For room 2, what is the length?: 4                                                                                                                                                                   
    For room 3, what is the width?: 5                                                                                                                                                                    
    For room 3, what is the length?: 6                                                                                                                                                                   
    Room widths:                                                                                                                                                                                         
    [1, 3, 5]                                                                                                                                                                                            
    Room lengths:                                                                                                                                                                                        
    [2, 4, 6]  

Answer 2

认为您希望通过房间号来保存长度和宽度，我会这样做：

rooms = {}

print("Please answer the questions to find the floor size.")

rooms = int(input("How many rooms has the property got?:\n"))

for room_num in range(1, rooms+1):
    length = int(input("What is the lenth of room number {}: ".format(room_num)))
    width = int(input("What is the lwidth of room number {}: ".format(room_num)))
    rooms[room_num] = {'length': length, 'width': width}

然后要获得房间 1 的长度，只需查找：rooms[1]['length']，宽度：rooms[1]['width'] 等。等等

Answer 3

我建议参加 Room 课程。然后你可以在上面定义一个area 方法。

class Room():
    def __init__(self, w, l):
        self.width = w
        self.length = l

    def area(self):
        return self.width * self.length

然后，对于您的输入，将它们存储到一个列表中。请改用 for 循环。不需要while循环。

print("Please answer the questions to find the floor size.")

roomCount = int(input("How many rooms does the property have?\n"))

rooms = []
for roomNum in range(roomCount):
    l = float(input("For room {} what is the length?\n".format(roomNum + 1)))
    w = float(input("For room {} what is the width?\n".format(roomNum + 1)))
    rooms.append(Room(w, l))

完成后，您只需遍历对象并将区域相加即可。

size = sum(r.area() for r in rooms)
print(size)

Answer 4

我会这样做。

rooms_total = int(input('How many rooms?'))
rooms_info = list()

for i in range(rooms_total):
    length = int(input('Length for room #{}?'.format(i)))
    width = int(input('Width for room #{}?'.format(i)))
    rooms_info.append({'length': length, 'width': width})

space = sum([x['length'] * x['width'] for x in rooms_info])
print(space)

类感觉有点矫枉过正（除非你特别想练习类），而字典在这里感觉不像是一个合适的外部数据结构。

这只是我的拙见，但您需要阅读更多关于 Python 中的循环和基本数据结构的信息。