带有构造函数参数的 Spring 自动装配依赖项

Question

我创建了一个服务类，TestService，它的构造函数接受一个字符串数组，并有一点逻辑来返回一个长度大于 5 的字符串列表。

如何使用 Strings 参数数组将其注入到我的 Controller 类中？

@RestController
public class Controller {

    private final TestService testService;

    @Autowired
    public Controller(TestService testService) {
        this.testService = testService;
    }

    @PostMapping("test")
    public List<String> test(@RequestBody TestDTO request) {
        String[] testStrings = request.getTestStrings();

        // I want to run testService.getStringsOverLength5() on testStrings

        List<String> strings = testService.getStringsOverLength5();
        return strings;
    }
}

@Service
public class TestService {

    private final String[] testStrings;

    public TestService(String[] testStrings) {
        this.testStrings = testStrings;
    }

    public List<String> getStringsOverLength5() {
        return Arrays.stream(testStrings)
                .filter(s -> s.length() > 5)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
    }
}

public class TestDTO {

    private String[] testStrings;

    public TestDTO() {}

    public String[] getTestStrings() {
        return testStrings;
    }

    public void setTestStrings(String[] testStrings) {
        this.testStrings = testStrings;
    }
}

Answer 1

我认为这是不可能的。而是注入String[] testStrings holder：

@Component
@Scope(scopeName = WebApplicationContext.SCOPE_REQUEST, proxyMode = ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS)
public class TestStringsHolder {

    private String[] testStrings;

    public String[] getTestStrings() {
        return testStrings;
    }

    public void setTestStrings(String[] testStrings) {
        this.testStrings = testStrings;
    }
}

@RestController
public class Controller {

    private final TestService testService;
    private final TestStringsHolder holder;

    @Autowired
    public Controller(TestService testService, TestStringsHolder holder) {
        this.testService = testService;
        this.holder = holder;
    }

    @PostMapping("test")
    public List<String> test(@RequestBody TestDTO request) {
        String[] testStrings = request.getTestStrings();
        holder.setTestStrings(testStrings);

        List<String> strings = testService.getStringsOverLength5();
        return strings;
    }
}

@Service
public class TestService {

    private final TestStringsHolder holder;

    public TestService(TestStringsHolder holder) {
        this.holder = holder;
    }

    public List<String> getStringsOverLength5() {
        final String[] testStrings = holder.getTestStrings();

        return Arrays.stream(testStrings)
            .filter(s -> s.length() > 5)
            .collect(Collectors.toList());
    }
}

但是，在本例中，将testStrings 作为getStringsOverLength5 方法参数传递似乎更好。

Answer 2

String 或 String[] 不是 bean 类，所以你不能使用构造函数 Autowired 来做到这一点。但是您可以使用 Setter Autowired，如下所示。

public class Controller {

    private final TestService testService;

    @Autowired
    public Controller(TestService testService) {
        this.testService = testService;
    }

    @PostMapping("test")
    public List<String> test(@RequestBody TestDTO request) {
        String[] testStrings = request.getTestStrings();

        // Autowired using setter
        testService.setTestStrings(testStrings);
        // I want to run testService.getStringsOverLength5() on testStrings

        List<String> strings = testService.getStringsOverLength5();
        return strings;
    }
}

@Service
class TestService {

    private String[] testStrings;

    public List<String> getStringsOverLength5() {
        return Arrays.stream(testStrings)
                .filter(s -> s.length() > 5)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
    }
    
    @Autowired(required=false)
    public void setTestStrings(String[] testStrings) {
        this.testStrings = testStrings;
    }
}