掷骰子程序在python中给出语法错误答案

【问题标题】：die roll program giving syntax error in python掷骰子程序在python中给出语法错误
【发布时间】：2013-10-31 22:53:03
【问题描述】：

    import random
#set counters
counter2=0
counter3=0
counter4=0
counter5=0
counter6=0
counter7=0
counter8=0
counter9=0
counter9=0
counter10=0
counter11=0
counter12=0
doubles=0

def main():
    #get input from user
    rolls = int(input("How many times would you like to roll the dice?")
    for count in range(rolls+1)
        #roll dice
        die1 = random.randint(1,6)
        die2 = random.randint(1,6)
        #add up dice totals to counters
        if die1 + die2 = 2:
            counter2 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 3:
            counter3 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 4:
            counter4 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 5:
            counter5 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 6:
            counter6 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 7:
            counter7 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 8:
            counter8 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 9:
            counter9 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 10:
            counter10 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 11:
            counter11 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 12:
            counter12 += 1
        if die1 == die2:
            doubles += 1
    #print data
    print("2 - ", counter2, \
          "3 - ", counter3, \
          "4 - ", counter4, \
          "5 - ", counter5, \
          "6 - ", counter6, \
          "7 - ", counter7, \
          "8 - ", counter8, \
          "9 - ", counter9, \
          "10 - ", counter10, \
          "11 - ", counter11, \
          "12 - ", counter12, \
          "Doubles - ", doubles)
main()

程序的目标是掷 2 个骰子，无论用户想要多少次，然后列出骰子掷了多少次 1,2,3,4 等。行“die1 = random.randint(1 ,6) 和 die2 = random.randint(1,6) 给我一个语法错误并突出显示“die1”告诉我我做错了什么？

【问题讨论】：

for 行末尾缺少一个冒号。
将冒号放在 for 行的末尾也会在冒号处产生语法错误。
为什么不使用for 作为计数器变量？

标签： python

【解决方案1】：

我稍微修改了你的程序。

注意在嵌套连接调用中使用生成器表达式以提高效率。

print '\n'.join(['' if not globals().update({'rolls' : [(__import__("random").randint(1,6),__import__("random").randint(1,6)) for count in range(int(input("How many times would you like to roll the dice?")))]}) else '', '\n'.join("%d - %d" % (i, len(filter(lambda x: sum(x)==i, globals()["rolls"]))) for i in range(2,11)), "Doubles %d" % len(filter(lambda r:r[0]==r[1], globals()["rolls"]))]).lstrip()

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

一些错误：

if 不带冒号的语句
平等测试是==，而不是=
缺少右括号
全局变量在函数中不可访问，将它们设为本地

所以这里是更正的版本：

import random

def main():
    #set counters
    counter2=0
    counter3=0
    counter4=0
    counter5=0
    counter6=0
    counter7=0
    counter8=0
    counter9=0
    counter10=0
    counter11=0
    counter12=0
    doubles=0

    #get input from user
    rolls = int(input("How many times would you like to roll the dice?"))
    for count in range(rolls+1):
        #roll dice
        die1 = random.randint(1,6)
        die2 = random.randint(1,6)
        #add up dice totals to counters
        if die1 + die2 == 2:
            counter2 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 3:
            counter3 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 4:
            counter4 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 5:
            counter5 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 6:
            counter6 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 7:
            counter7 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 8:
            counter8 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 9:
            counter9 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 10:
            counter10 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 11:
            counter11 += 1
        if die1 + die2 == 12:
            counter12 += 1
        if die1 == die2:
            doubles += 1
    #print data
    print("2 - ", counter2, \
          "3 - ", counter3, \
          "4 - ", counter4, \
          "5 - ", counter5, \
          "6 - ", counter6, \
          "7 - ", counter7, \
          "8 - ", counter8, \
          "9 - ", counter9, \
          "10 - ", counter10, \
          "11 - ", counter11, \
          "12 - ", counter12, \
          "Doubles - ", doubles)
main()

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

等式运算符是== 而不是=

if die1 + die2 == 2:



rolls = int(input("How many times would you like to roll the dice?")) <- missing this parentheses

【讨论】：

是的，我在发布之前确实修复了这个问题，我只是忘记重新复制代码
你忘了修正第一个 if 语句。

【解决方案4】：

同意前面的答案，for 循环存在问题，缺少:。但是，如果您愿意接受defaultdict，您的代码可以大大简化这应该有助于防止进一步的语法错误，因为代码更加简洁且相对简单。主要区别在于defaultdict 的使用。

import random
from collections import defaultdict    


def main():
    counter = defaultdict(int)
    rolls = int(input("How many times would you like to roll the dice?"))
    for count in range(rolls):
        die1,die2 = random.randint(1,6),random.randint(1,6)
        counter[die1+die2]+=1
        if die1 == die2:
            counter['Doubles']+=1
    counter
    print('\n'.join('%s - %s '%(key,value) for key,value in counter.iteritems()))

当然，输出可以根据您的需要以任何您喜欢的方式进行格式化，即排序、排序等

基本上在这种情况下，如果字典中不存在该键，则将创建一个键并为其分配整数值 0。实际上，对代码的唯一更改是删除所有初始化并合并 if 检查。该数字只能是一个数值，并且可能是“双倍”。

【讨论】：