以编程方式从 Android 应用程序连接到蓝牙耳机

Question

如何从我的安卓应用程序连接到蓝牙耳机？我找到了很多关于发现蓝牙设备和配对的教程，而关于连接的教程很少。

Answer 1

首先，您需要确保蓝牙已启用，然后搜索未配对的设备，然后使用设备地址配对设备。

成功配对后，您需要连接到设备以及 HSP 或 HFP 配置文件。 请注意，如果没有 HSP（耳机配置文件）或 HFP（免提配置文件），您将无法将呼叫连接到您的耳机或扬声器。

我列出了步骤，您可以通过谷歌搜索每个步骤轻松找到更多详细信息。 希望这对您有所帮助。

更新

我会尽力为您提供更多帮助： 您必须在“src”文件夹下添加一个新包，名称为：android.bluetooth 然后创建 IBluetoothHeadset.aidl

使用以下代码：

package android.bluetooth;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
interface IBluetoothHeadset {

// Public API
boolean connect(in BluetoothDevice device); //Api 11 and above
boolean connectHeadset(in BluetoothDevice device); // Below Api 11

boolean disconnect(in BluetoothDevice device);
boolean disconnectHeadset(in BluetoothDevice device);
    
List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices();
List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(in int[] states);
int getConnectionState(in BluetoothDevice device);
int getState(in BluetoothDevice device);
boolean setPriority(in BluetoothDevice device, int priority);
int getPriority(in BluetoothDevice device);
boolean startVoiceRecognition(in BluetoothDevice device);
boolean stopVoiceRecognition(in BluetoothDevice device);
boolean isAudioConnected(in BluetoothDevice device);
boolean sendVendorSpecificResultCode(in BluetoothDevice device,
                                     in String command,
                                     in String arg);

// APIs that can be made public in future
int getBatteryUsageHint(in BluetoothDevice device);

// Internal functions, not be made public
boolean acceptIncomingConnect(in BluetoothDevice device);
boolean rejectIncomingConnect(in BluetoothDevice device);
int getAudioState(in BluetoothDevice device);

boolean isAudioOn();
boolean connectAudio();
boolean disconnectAudio();
boolean startScoUsingVirtualVoiceCall(in BluetoothDevice device);
boolean stopScoUsingVirtualVoiceCall(in BluetoothDevice device);
void phoneStateChanged(int numActive, int numHeld, int callState, String number, int type);
void clccResponse(int index, int direction, int status, int mode, boolean mpty,
                  String number, int type);
}

然后在你的活动中

     BluetoothDevice DeviceToConnect;
     IBluetoothHeadset ibth; 
     //IBluetoothHeadset instance used to connect and disconnect headset afterwards

     // Create and Register BroadCastListener for Action "HEADSET_INTERFACE_CONNECTED"
     // In Broadcast your code has to be something like that
     // if(ibth != null) ibth.connect(DeviceToConnect);

     
     //Then After Pairing DeviceToConnect;
     Intent i = new Intent(IBluetoothHeadset.class.getName());

    if (bindService(i, HSPConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE)) {

    } else {
       Log.e("HSP FAILED", "Could not bind to Bluetooth HFP Service");
   }

     
      //Method for bind
  public static ServiceConnection HSPConnection= new ServiceConnection() {
        
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            ibth = IBluetoothHeadset.Stub.asInterface(service);
            //ibth instance used to connect and disconnect headset afterwards
            Intent intent = new Intent();
            intent.setAction("HEADSET_INTERFACE_CONNECTED");
            //same as the one we register earlier for broadcastreciever
                            ctx.sendBroadcast(intent);
            //ctx is Instance of Context
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
            ibth=null;
        }

    };

更新 2：

<intent-filter> 
  <action android:name="android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_CONNECTED" />
  <action android:name="android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_DISCONNECT_REQUESTED" />
  <action android:name="android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_DISCONNECTED" />
</intent-filter>

这些是您必须添加到广播接收器的过滤器。

蓝牙连接时ACL_CONNECTED信号，蓝牙断开时ACL_DISCONNECTED信号

对于特定设备，您必须检查广播接收器中的意图/上下文

因此，您的新接收器（包括以前的接收器）将如下所示：

 BroadcastReceiver bcr = new BroadcastReceiver() {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        String action = intent.getAction();
        BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);

        if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
           //Device found
        }
        else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_ACL_CONNECTED.equals(action)) {
           //Device is now connected
        }
        else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {
            //Done searching
        }
        else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECT_REQUESTED.equals(action)) {
           //Device is about to disconnect
        }
        else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECTED.equals(action)) {
           //Device has disconnected add whatever way u want to be notified here
           //e.g music-vibration-screen light
        }else if("HEADSET_INTERFACE_CONNECTED".equals(action){
           if(ibth != null) ibth.connect(DeviceToConnect);
        }
    }
};

我忘了在 Manifest 中添加您需要这 2 个权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />