如何从二维列表中选择随机元素

Question

我正在尝试在 python 的二维列表中选择一个随机元素。 我正在创建一个二十一点游戏。

我知道这段代码有多长且未经优化，但我是编程新手，我想通过犯错误来学习。

这是我设置的初始代码。我创造花色（黑桃、梅花、红心、方块）。我将它附加到名为 list_of_cards 的列表中，该列表被初始化为一个空数组。

然后我有另一个名为 player_card 的列表供玩家查看。这里供参考。

list_of_suits= []       #Creating list of cards
player_card  = []

king_of_spades  =  10   #Creating face cards for the spades deck.
queen_of_spades =  10   
jack_of_spades  =  10

king_of_clubs  =  10   
queen_of_clubs =  10      
jack_of_clubs  =  10

king_of_hearts  =   10   
queen_of_hearts =   10    
jack_of_hearts  =   10

king_of_diamonds  =  10   
queen_of_diamonds =  10 
jack_of_diamonds  =  10

ace_of_spades =   [1,11]     # Aces are either 1 or 11
ace_of_clubs =    [1,11]
ace_of_hearts =   [1,11]
ace_of_diamonds = [1,11] 


spades = [ace_of_spades,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, jack_of_spades, queen_of_spades, king_of_spades]
clubs =  [ace_of_clubs,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, jack_of_clubs, queen_of_clubs, king_of_clubs]
hearts =  [ace_of_hearts,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, jack_of_hearts, queen_of_hearts, king_of_hearts]
diamonds =  [ace_of_diamonds,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, jack_of_diamonds, queen_of_diamonds, king_of_diamonds]

list_of_suits.append(spades)
list_of_suits.append(clubs)
list_of_suits.append(hearts)
list_of_suits.append(diamonds)

这是随机卡片的选择器。它将遍历数组以随机选择四张牌中的一张。接下来，它将进入该数组并选择一张随机卡片。

random_list_of_suits = random.choice(list_of_suits)

random_card_number = random.choice(random_list_of_suits)    
random_list_of_suits.remove(random_card_number)
player_card.append(random_card_number)

print player_card
print list_of_suits

这是我想要弄清楚的：如何每次都创建一个新的随机数？

我有点卡住了，我试着让它通过一个 for 循环，但如果我把 random_card_number 放在一个循环中，它会选择它最初执行四次的同一张随机卡。

Answer 1

import random

list2d = [range(0, 5), range(5, 10), range(10, 15), range(15, 20)]

for i in range(0, 10):
    random_suite = random.choice(list2d)
    random_card = random.choice(random_suite)
    print random_suite, random_card                               

输出：

[5, 6, 7, 8, 9] 7
[5, 6, 7, 8, 9] 5
[5, 6, 7, 8, 9] 5
[10, 11, 12, 13, 14] 11
[10, 11, 12, 13, 14] 13
[10, 11, 12, 13, 14] 12
[10, 11, 12, 13, 14] 14
[10, 11, 12, 13, 14] 10
[10, 11, 12, 13, 14] 10
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4] 2

Answer 2

您在 random.choice() 中输入的列表必须是一维数组。 所以你可以这样做，

random_list_of_suits = np.random.choice(list_of_suits) # you can get spades/clubs/hearts/diamonds
index_of_random_card_number = random.choice(len(random_list_of_suits))
random_card = random_list_of_suits[index_of_random_card_number] # You get a random card 

Answer 3

#include <stdafx.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib> // for rand() and srand()
#include <ctime> // for time()
using namespace std;

int main()
{

    srand(time(0)); // set initial seed value to system clock
    for (int nCount=0; nCount < 100; ++nCount)
    {
        cout << rand() << "\t";

        if ((nCount+1) % 5 == 0)
            cout << endl;
    }

srand 使用时间作为第一个初始种子来创建您的随机数，因此每次运行程序时您都会得到一个不同的随机数，因为最终种子会随着时间而变化。