由于这个问题被标记为 MATLAB,我将@belisarius 的解决方案原样翻译(我认为这优于当前接受的答案):
%# read image
I = imread('http://i.stack.imgur.com/nGNGf.png');
%# complement it, and convert to HSV colorspace
hsv = rgb2hsv(imcomplement(I));
I1 = hsv(:,:,3); %# work with V channel
%# Binarize/threshold image
I2 = im2bw(I1, 0.92);
%# Perform morphological thinning to get the skeleton
I3 = bwmorph(I2, 'thin',Inf);
%# prune the skeleton (remove small branches at the endpoints)
I4 = bwmorph(I3, 'spur', 7);
%# Remove small components
I5 = bwareaopen(I4, 30);
%# dilate image
I6 = imdilate(I5, strel('square',2*3+1));
%# show step-by-step results
figure('Position',[200 150 700 700])
subplot(711), imshow(I)
subplot(712), imshow(I1)
subplot(713), imshow(I2)
subplot(714), imshow(I3)
subplot(715), imshow(I4)
subplot(716), imshow(I5)
subplot(717), imshow(I6)
最后,您可以应用某种形式的 OCR 来识别数字。不幸的是,MATLAB 没有与 Mathematica 中的 TextRecognize[] 等效的内置函数......同时,看看 File Exchange,我相信你会发现有几十个提交填补了空白:)