使用 GCM 向多个 android 设备发送推送通知答案

【问题标题】：sending push notifications to multiple android devices using GCM使用 GCM 向多个 android 设备发送推送通知
【发布时间】：2014-11-09 16:18:08
【问题描述】：

我在关注http://javapapers.com/android/google-cloud-messaging-gcm-for-android-and-push-notifications/？通过 GCM 发送推送通知。一切正常，但我只能向一台设备发送推送通知。注册另一个设备会替换先前设备的注册 ID。我尝试了 Shardool 在http://javapapers.com/android/android-multicast-notification-using-google-cloud-messaging-gcm/ 中提供的解决方案？但它不工作。

任何建议都会有很大帮助。

这是我的gcm.php 代码，用于注册设备并发送推送通知，但仅限于最近注册的单个设备。

gcm.php

<?php
//generic php function to send GCM push notification
function sendPushNotificationToGCM($registatoin_ids, $message) {
    //Google cloud messaging GCM-API url
    $url = 'https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send';
    $fields = array(
        'registration_ids' => $registatoin_ids,
        'data' => $message,
    );
    // Google Cloud Messaging GCM API Key
    define("GOOGLE_API_KEY", "MY_KEY");       
    $headers = array(
        'Authorization: key=' . GOOGLE_API_KEY,
        'Content-Type: application/json'
    );
    $ch = curl_init();
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode($fields));
    $result = curl_exec($ch);             
    if ($result === FALSE) {
        die('Curl failed: ' . curl_error($ch));
    }
    curl_close($ch);
    return $result;
}
?>
<?php
//this block is to post message to GCM on-click
$pushStatus = "";   
if ( ! empty($_GET["push"])) { 
    $gcmRegID  = file_get_contents("GCMRegId.txt");
    $pushMessage = $_POST["message"];   
    if (isset($gcmRegID) && isset($pushMessage)) {      
        $gcmRegIds = array($gcmRegID);
        $message = array("m" => $pushMessage);  
        $pushStatus = sendPushNotificationToGCM($gcmRegIds, $message);
    }       
}
//this block is to receive the GCM regId from external (mobile apps)
if ( ! empty($_GET["shareRegId"])) {
    $gcmRegID  = $_POST["regId"]; 
    file_put_contents("GCMRegId.txt",$gcmRegID);
    echo "Ok!";
    exit;
}   
?>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) Server in PHP</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) Server in PHP</h1> 
        <form method="post"   action="gcm.php/?push=1">                                              
            <div>                                
                <textarea rows="2" name="message" cols="23" placeholder="Message to transmit via   GCM"></textarea>
            </div>
            <div><input type="submit"  value="Send Push Notification via GCM" /></div>
        </form>
        <p><h3><?php echo $pushStatus; ?></h3></p>        
    </body>
</html>

请告诉我如何在 GCMRegid.txt 中存储多个设备注册 ID 并向每个注册设备发送通知

【问题讨论】：

标签： php android notifications google-cloud-messaging

【解决方案1】：

在这里，我使用 mysql 重写了 php，而不是从文件中检索密钥。在这种情况下，我从表中检索所有 regIds 并将它们放入一个数组中并将其传递给 sendPushNotification 函数以将消息推送给所有人。这里有 2 个文件，一个用于连接数据库，一个用于 GCM：

connect.php：

<?php

    $db_host = "localhost";
    $db_user = "root"; //change to your database username, it is root by default
    $db_pass = '';     //change to your database password, for XAMPP it is nothing for WAMPP it is root
    $db_db = 'gcmFirst'; //change to your database name

    if(!@mysql_connect($db_host, $db_user, $db_pass) || !@mysql_select_db($db_db)) {
        die('couldnt connect to database ' .mysql_error());
    }

?>

gcm.php

<?php
require 'connect.php';

function sendPushNotification($registration_ids, $message) {

    $url = 'https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send';
    $fields = array(
        'registration_ids' => $registration_ids,
        'data' => $message,
    );

    define('GOOGLE_API_KEY', 'AIzaSyCjctNK2valabAWL7rWUTcoRA-UAXI_3ro');

    $headers = array(
        'Authorization:key=' . GOOGLE_API_KEY,
        'Content-Type: application/json'
    );
    echo json_encode($fields);
    $ch = curl_init();
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode($fields));

    $result = curl_exec($ch);
    if($result === false)
        die('Curl failed ' . curl_error());

    curl_close($ch);
    return $result;

}

$pushStatus = '';

if(!empty($_GET['push'])) {

    $query = "SELECT regId FROM users";
    if($query_run = mysql_query($query)) {

        $gcmRegIds = array();
        while($query_row = mysql_fetch_assoc($query_run)) {

            array_push($gcmRegIds, $query_row['regId']);

        }

    }
    $pushMessage = $_POST['message'];
    if(isset($gcmRegIds) && isset($pushMessage)) {

        $message = array('message' => $pushMessage);
        $pushStatus = sendPushNotification($gcmRegIds, $message);

    }   
}

if(!empty($_GET['shareRegId'])) {

    $gcmRegId = $_POST['regId'];
    $query = "INSERT INTO users VALUES ('', '$gcmRegId')";
    if($query_run = mysql_query($query)) {
        echo 'OK';
        exit;
    }   
}
?>

<html>
    <head>
        <title>Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) Server in PHP</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h1>Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) Server in PHP</h1>
    <form method = 'POST' action = 'gcm.php/?push=1'>
        <div>
            <textarea rows = 2 name = "message" cols = 23 placeholder = 'Messages to Transmit via GCM'></textarea>
        </div>
        <div>
            <input type = 'submit' value = 'Send Push Notification via GCM'>
        </div>
        <p><h3><?php echo $pushStatus ?></h3></p>
    </form>
    </body>
</html>

您所要做的就是创建一个数据库，其中包含一个用户表，其中 id、regId 和 name 作为列。

希望这就是你要找的东西

【讨论】：

我试过了，但它只是搞砸了..你能和我分享一下RegisterActivity.java文件来访问Mysql
我可以在 mysql 数据库中注册设备.. 但是你能和我分享一下整个 gcm.php，它将向多个设备发送推送通知吗？？
这里我编辑了我的答案，有 2 个 php 文件，一个用于数据库连接，一个用于 gcm
如何使用“shareRegId”？
@s4suryapal 这个解决方案是基于改进 tutorial 关于在数据库中而不是在文件中存储多个 regId，但是关于 shareRegId 它与教程中指出的相同，所以最好从那里理解它。祝你好运

【解决方案2】：

我对上面的gcm.php做了一点修改以满足我的需要：

发送推送通知后，页面应自动重新加载到原始表单。
它应该显示注册的用户数。
GCM 一次不允许超过 1000 个 regId。所以它应该解决这种情况。（循环发送 1000 个推送通知的数据包）。

gcm_main.php：

<?php
require 'connect.php'; //this is the same as as other answers on this topic

function sendPushNotification($registration_ids, $message) {

    $url = 'https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send';
    $fields = array(
        'registration_ids' => $registration_ids,
        'data' => $message,
    );

    define('GOOGLE_API_KEY', 'your_google_api_key_here');

    $headers = array(
        'Authorization:key=' . GOOGLE_API_KEY,
        'Content-Type: application/json'
    );
    echo json_encode($fields);
    $ch = curl_init();
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode($fields));

    $result = curl_exec($ch);
    if($result === false)
        die('Curl failed ' . curl_error());

    curl_close($ch);
    return $result;

}

function redirect($url)
{
    if (!headers_sent())
    {    
        header('Location: '.$url);
        exit;
        }
    else
        {  
        echo '<script type="text/javascript">';
        echo 'window.location.href="'.$url.'";';
        echo '</script>';
        echo '<noscript>';
        echo '<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0;url='.$url.'" />';
        echo '</noscript>'; exit;
    }
}


$pushStatus = '';

if(!empty($_GET['push'])) {

    $query = "SELECT gcm_regid FROM gcm_users";
    if($query_run = mysql_query($query)) {

        $gcmRegIds = array();
        while($query_row = mysql_fetch_assoc($query_run)) {

            array_push($gcmRegIds, $query_row['gcm_regid']);

        }

    }
    $pushMessage = $_POST['message'];
    if(isset($gcmRegIds) && isset($pushMessage)) {

        $message = array('price' => $pushMessage);
    $regIdChunk=array_chunk($gcmRegIds,1000);
    foreach($regIdChunk as $RegId){
    $pushStatus = sendPushNotification($RegId, $message);}

    }   
   $url="url_to_this_php_file";
         redirect($url);

}


if(!empty($_GET['shareRegId'])) {

    $gcmRegId = $_POST['gcm_regid'];
    $query = "INSERT INTO gcm_users VALUES ('', '$gcmRegId')";
    if($query_run = mysql_query($query)) {
       // echo 'OK';
        exit;
    }   
}
?>

<html>
    <head>
        <title>Whatever Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>

        <?php
        include_once 'db_functions.php';
        $db = new DB_Functions();
        $users = $db->getAllUsers();
        if ($users != false)
            $no_of_users = mysql_num_rows($users);
        else
            $no_of_users = 0;
        ?>
    <h1>Whatever you want</h1>
    <h2>Whatever you want</h2>
    <h3>Push Notification Admin Panel</h3>
    <h4>Current Registered users: <?php echo $no_of_users; ?></h4>
    <h4></h4>
    <form method = 'POST' action = 'gcm_main.php/?push=1'>
        <div>
            <textarea rows = "3" name = "message" cols = "75" placeholder = "Type message here"></textarea>
        </div>
        <div>
            <input type = "submit" value = "Send Notification">
        </div>

    </form>
    </body>
</html>

db_connect.php：

    <?php

    class DB_Connect {

        // constructor
        function __construct() {

        }

        // destructor
        function __destruct() {
            // $this->close();
        }

        // Connecting to database
        public function connect() {
            require_once 'config.php';
            // connecting to mysql
            $con = mysql_connect(DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASSWORD);
            // selecting database
            mysql_select_db(DB_DATABASE);

            // return database handler
            return $con;
        }

        // Closing database connection
        public function close() {
            mysql_close();
        }

    } 
    ?>

db_functions.php：

        <?php

    class DB_Functions {

        private $db;

        //put your code here
        // constructor
        function __construct() {
            include_once './db_connect.php';
            // connecting to database
            $this->db = new DB_Connect();
            $this->db->connect();
        }

        // destructor
        function __destruct() {

        }

        /**
         * Storing new user
         * returns user details
         */
        public function storeUser($name, $email, $gcm_regid) {
            // insert user into database
            $result = mysql_query("INSERT INTO gcm_users(name, email, gcm_regid, created_at) VALUES('$name', '$email', '$gcm_regid', NOW())");
            // check for successful store
            if ($result) {
                // get user details
                $id = mysql_insert_id(); // last inserted id
                $result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM gcm_users WHERE id = $id") or die(mysql_error());
                // return user details
                if (mysql_num_rows($result) > 0) {
                    return mysql_fetch_array($result);
                } else {
                    return false;
                }
            } else {
                return false;
            }
        }

        /**
         * Get user by email and password
         */
        public function getUserByEmail($email) {
            $result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM gcm_users WHERE email = '$email' LIMIT 1");
            return $result;
        }

        /**
         * Getting all users
         */
        public function getAllUsers() {
            $result = mysql_query("select * FROM gcm_users");
            return $result;
        }

        /**
         * Check user is existed or not
         */
        public function isUserExisted($id) {
            $result = mysql_query("SELECT gcm_regid from gcm_users WHERE gcm_regid = '$id'");
            $no_of_rows = mysql_num_rows($result);
            if ($no_of_rows > 0) {
                // user existed
                return true;
            } else {
                // user not existed
                return false;
            }
        }

    public function deleteUser($id){
    $result=mysql_query("DELETE FROM gcm_users WHERE gcm_regid = '$id'");

    }    


    }

?>

config.php：

<?php
/**
 * Database config variables
 */
define("DB_HOST", "localhost");
define("DB_USER", "root");
define("DB_PASSWORD", "");
define("DB_DATABASE", "gcm");

/*
 * Google API Key
 */
define("GOOGLE_API_KEY", "your_google_api_key_here"); // Place your Google API Key
?>

编辑：

我已经重新编写了 PHP 代码，并进行了一些改进并使用了 MySqli（而不是 MySql）。它在Github。

【讨论】：

我已经使用sendPushNotification()并手动输入所有值，curl返回消息"results":[{"error":"NotRegistered"}]我能做什么
@Irfan 发送到 GCM 的设备 ID 未注册。您需要先使用 GCM 正确注册您的 android，然后将 id 存储在服务器中。如果您确实使用 GCM 注册了 id，那么它可能会过期（虽然很奇怪），所以您可能需要重新注册。如果您使用的是模拟器，也可能会发生这种情况。用真机测试一下……

【解决方案3】：

向多个设备发送推送通知与我们向单个设备发送相同。只需将所有注册设备的注册令牌存储到您的服务器即可。并且在使用 curl 调用推送通知时（我假设您使用 php 作为服务器端）将所有注册 id 放入一个数组中。这是一个示例代码

<?php
//Define your GCM server key here 
define('API_ACCESS_KEY', 'your server api key');

//Function to send push notification to all 
function sendToAll($message)
{
    $db = new DbOperation();
    $tokens = $db->getAllToken();
    $regTokens = array();
    while($row = $tokens->fetch_assoc()){
        array_push($regTokens,$row['token']);
    }
    sendNotification($regTokens,$message);
}


//function to send push notification to an individual 
function sendToOne($email,$message){
    $db = new DbOperation();
    $token = $db->getIndividualToken($email);
    sendNotification(array($token),$message);
}


//This function will actually send the notification
function sendNotification($registrationIds, $message)
{
    $msg = array
    (
        'message' => $message,
        'title' => 'Android Push Notification using Google Cloud Messaging',
        'subtitle' => 'www.simplifiedcoding.net',
        'tickerText' => 'Ticker text here...Ticker text here...Ticker text here',
        'vibrate' => 1,
        'sound' => 1,
        'largeIcon' => 'large_icon',
        'smallIcon' => 'small_icon'
    );

    $fields = array
    (
        'registration_ids' => $registrationIds,
        'data' => $msg
    );

    $headers = array
    (
        'Authorization: key=' . API_ACCESS_KEY,
        'Content-Type: application/json'
    );

    $ch = curl_init();
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send');
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode($fields));
    $result = curl_exec($ch);
    curl_close($ch);

    $res = json_decode($result);

    $flag = $res->success;
    if($flag >= 1){
        header('Location: index.php?success');
    }else{
        header('Location: index.php?failure');
    }
}

来源：Google Cloud Messaging Tutorial

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

以下代码可让我向所有注册用户发送通知：

<?php
header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *"); 

$db_host = 'localhost'; //hostname
$db_user = ''; // username
$db_password = ''; // password
$db_name = ''; //database name
$link = mysqli_connect($db_host,$db_user,$db_password, $db_name);




$query = "select * from device_notification_id";
$result = mysqli_query ($link,$query);
while($row=mysqli_fetch_array($result)){
 		
 		$device_to[] =  $row[device_id];
 		
 			
}



if(isset($_POST['submit'])){

$title=$_POST['title'];
$message=$_POST['message'];
for($i=0 ; $i< sizeof($device_to) ; $i++)
{
//echo $to[$i];

$to = $device_to[$i];

sendPush($to,$title,$message);
}


}
	function sendPush($to,$title,$message)
	{
// API access key from Google API's Console
// replace API
		define( 'API_ACCESS_KEY', 'AIdfSyCd8ha2wop84LKtpQvRmCEiY8ZLpeTg2-o');
		$registrationIds = array($to);
		
		

	$msg = array
	(
	'message' => $message,
	'title' => $title,
	'vibrate' => 1,
	'sound' => 1

// you can also add images, additionalData
);


	$fields = array
	(
		'registration_ids' => $registrationIds,
		'data' => $msg
);
$headers = array
(
'Authorization: key=' . API_ACCESS_KEY,
'Content-Type: application/json'
);

$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt( $ch,CURLOPT_URL, 'https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send' );
curl_setopt( $ch,CURLOPT_POST, true );
curl_setopt( $ch,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers );
curl_setopt( $ch,CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
curl_setopt( $ch,CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false );
curl_setopt( $ch,CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode( $fields ) );
$result = curl_exec($ch );
curl_close( $ch );

echo $result;
}


?>
<html>
<form  method="POST">
<input type="text" name="title">
<input type="text" name="message">
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="submit">
</form>
</html>

【讨论】：

你能解释一下什么是注册 ID 以及在哪里/如何获得它吗？