从crawl 开始,它需要一个起始 url(字符串)和一个起始深度(int)并返回一个承诺的结果。我们的结果是我们预期输出的类型(或“形状”)。在这种情况下,它是一个以 url 字符串作为键的对象,值是空对象或另一个嵌套结果 -
// type url = string
// type result = (url, result) object | empty
// crawl : (string * int) -> result promise
const crawl = (initUrl = '/', initDepth = 0) =>
{ const loop = (urls, depth) =>
parallel
( urls
, u =>
depth === 0
? [ u, {} ]
: loop (get (u), depth - 1)
.then (r => [ u, r ])
)
.then (Object.fromEntries)
return loop ([ initUrl ], initDepth)
}
垂直样式并不常见,但有助于眼睛识别与制表位垂直规则对齐的代码元素。开放空白允许 cmets,但随着对样式的熟悉,它们变得不那么必要了 -
// type url = string
// type result = (url, result) object | empty
// crawl : (string * int) -> result promise
const crawl = (initUrl = '/', initDepth = 0) =>
{ const loop = (urls, depth) =>
parallel // parallel requests
( urls // each url
, u => // as u
depth === 0 // exit condition
? [ u, {} ] // base: [ key, value ]
: loop (get (u), depth - 1) // inductive: smaller problem
.then (r => [ u, r ]) // [ key, value ]
)
.then (Object.fromEntries) // convert [ key, value ]
// to { key: value }
return loop ([ initUrl ], initDepth) // init loop
}
这利用了一个通用实用程序parallel,它对于处理承诺的数组很有用 -
// parallel : (('a array) promise * 'a -> 'b) -> ('b array) promise
const parallel = async (p, f) =>
Promise.all ((await p) .map (x => f (x)))
或者如果你不想依赖async-await -
// parallel : (('a array) promise * 'a -> 'b) -> ('b array) promise
const parallel = (p, f) =>
Promise.all
( Promise
.resolve (p)
.then (r => r .map (x => f (x)))
)
给定一个模拟的sitemap 和对应的get 函数-
// sitemap : (string, string array) object
const sitemap =
{ "/": [ "/a", "/b", "/c" ]
, "/a": [ "/a/1", "/a/11", "/a/111" ]
, "/a/1": [ "/a/1/2", "a/1/22" ]
, "/a/1/2": [ "/a/1/2/3" ]
, "/a/1/2/3": [ "/a/1/2/3/4" ]
, "/a/11": [ "/a/11/2", "a/11/22" ]
, "/a/11/22": [ "/a/11/22/33"]
, "/b": [ "/b/1" ]
, "/b/1": [ "/b/1/2" ]
}
// get : string -> (string array) promise
const get = async (url = '') =>
Promise
.resolve (sitemap[url] || [] )
.then (delay)
// delay : ('a * int) -> 'a promise
const delay = (x, ms = 250) =>
new Promise (r => setTimeout (r, ms, x))
我们可以看到crawl 在不同深度的响应 -
crawl ('/') .then (console.log, console.error)
// { '/': {} }
crawl ('/', 1) .then (console.log, console.error)
// { '/': { '/a': {}, '/b': {}, '/c': {} } }
crawl ('/b', 1) .then (console.log, console.error)
// { '/b': { '/b/1': {} } }
crawl ('/b', 2) .then (console.log, console.error)
// {
// "/b": {
// "/b/1": {
// "/b/1/2": {}
// }
// }
// }
这里我们爬取根"/",深度为Infinity -
crawl ("/", Infinity) .then (console.log, console.error)
// {
// "/": {
// "/a": {
// "/a/1": {
// "/a/1/2": {
// "/a/1/2/3": {
// "/a/1/2/3/4": {}
// }
// },
// "a/1/22": {}
// },
// "/a/11": {
// "/a/11/2": {},
// "a/11/22": {}
// },
// "/a/111": {}
// },
// "/b": {
// "/b/1": {
// "/b/1/2": {}
// }
// },
// "/c": {}
// }
// }
只需将 get 替换为一个真正的函数,该函数接受一个输入 url 并返回一个 href 数组 - crawl 将同样工作。
展开下面的sn-p,在自己的浏览器中验证结果-
const parallel = async (p, f) =>
Promise.all ((await p) .map (x => f (x)))
const crawl = (initUrl = '/', initDepth = 0) =>
{ const loop = (urls, depth) =>
parallel
( urls
, u =>
depth === 0
? [ u, {} ]
: loop (get (u), depth - 1)
.then (r => [ u, r ])
)
.then (Object.fromEntries)
return loop ([ initUrl ], initDepth)
}
// mock
const sitemap =
{ "/": [ "/a", "/b", "/c" ]
, "/a": [ "/a/1", "/a/11", "/a/111" ]
, "/a/1": [ "/a/1/2", "a/1/22" ]
, "/a/1/2": [ "/a/1/2/3" ]
, "/a/1/2/3": [ "/a/1/2/3/4" ]
, "/a/11": [ "/a/11/2", "a/11/22" ]
, "/a/11/22": [ "/a/11/22/33"]
, "/b": [ "/b/1" ]
, "/b/1": [ "/b/1/2" ]
}
const get = async (url = '') =>
Promise
.resolve (sitemap[url] || [] )
.then (delay)
const delay = (x, ms = 250) =>
new Promise (r => setTimeout (r, ms, x))
// demos
crawl ('/') .then (console.log, console.error)
// { '/': {} }
crawl ('/', 1) .then (console.log, console.error)
// { '/': { '/a': {}, '/b': {}, '/c': {} } }
crawl ('/b', 1) .then (console.log, console.error)
// { '/b': { '/b/1': {} } }
crawl ('/b', 2) .then (console.log, console.error)
// {
// "/b": {
// "/b/1": {
// "/b/1/2": {}
// }
// }
// }
crawl ("/", Infinity) .then (console.log, console.error)
// {
// "/": {
// "/a": {
// "/a/1": {
// "/a/1/2": {
// "/a/1/2/3": {
// "/a/1/2/3/4": {}
// }
// },
// "a/1/22": {}
// },
// "/a/11": {
// "/a/11/2": {},
// "a/11/22": {}
// },
// "/a/111": {}
// },
// "/b": {
// "/b/1": {
// "/b/1/2": {}
// }
// },
// "/c": {}
// }
// }