获取远程 Git 存储库中前 N 次提交的元数据

Question

使用以下 GitHub API，可以获取存储库中提交的元数据，按从最新到最旧的顺序排列

https://api.github.com/repos/git/git/commits

有没有办法获得类似的元数据，但按提交的时间倒序，即从存储库中最旧的提交开始？

注意：我想获得这样的元数据，而不必下载完整的存储库。

谢谢

Answer 1

这可以通过使用GraphQL API 的解决方法来实现。这个方法和getting the first commit in a repo基本一样：

获取last commit 并返回totalCount 和endCursor：

{
  repository(name: "linux", owner: "torvalds") {
    ref(qualifiedName: "master") {
      target {
        ... on Commit {
          history(first: 1) {
            nodes {
              message
              committedDate
              authoredDate
              oid
              author {
                email
                name
              }
            }
            totalCount
            pageInfo {
              endCursor
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

它为光标和pageInfo 对象返回类似的内容：

"totalCount": 950329,
"pageInfo": {
  "endCursor": "b961f8dc8976c091180839f4483d67b7c2ca2578 0"
}

我没有关于光标字符串格式 b961f8dc8976c091180839f4483d67b7c2ca2578 0 的任何来源，但我已经使用其他一些提交超过 1000 次的存储库进行了测试，它似乎总是格式化为：

<static hash> <incremented_number>

为了从第一个提交迭代到最新提交，您需要从第 1 页开始从totalCount - 1 - <number_perpage>*<page> 开始：

例如，为了从 linux 存储库中获取前 20 个提交：

{
  repository(name: "linux", owner: "torvalds") {
    ref(qualifiedName: "master") {
      target {
        ... on Commit {
          history(first: 20, after: "fc4f28bb3daf3265d6bc5f73b497306985bb23ab 950308") {
            nodes {
              message
              committedDate
              authoredDate
              oid
              author {
                email
                name
              }
            }
            totalCount
            pageInfo {
              endCursor
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

请注意，此 repo 中的总提交计数会随时间变化，因此您需要在运行查询之前获取总计数值。

这是一个 python 示例迭代 Linux 存储库的前 300 次提交（从最旧的开始）：

import requests

token = "YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"

name = "linux"
owner = "torvalds"
branch = "master"

iteration = 3
per_page = 100
commits = []

query = """
query ($name: String!, $owner: String!, $branch: String!){
    repository(name: $name, owner: $owner) {
        ref(qualifiedName: $branch) {
            target {
                ... on Commit {
                    history(first: %s, after: %s) {
                        nodes {
                            message
                            committedDate
                            authoredDate
                            oid
                            author {
                                email
                                name
                            }
                        }
                        totalCount
                        pageInfo {
                            endCursor
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
"""

def getHistory(cursor):
    r = requests.post("https://api.github.com/graphql",
        headers = {
            "Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"
        },
        json = {
            "query": query % (per_page, cursor),
            "variables": {
                "name": name,
                "owner": owner,
                "branch": branch
            }
        })
    return r.json()["data"]["repository"]["ref"]["target"]["history"]

#in the first request, cursor is null
history = getHistory("null")
totalCount = history["totalCount"]
if (totalCount > 1):
    cursor = history["pageInfo"]["endCursor"].split(" ")
    for i in range(1, iteration + 1):
        cursor[1] = str(totalCount - 1 - i*per_page)
        history = getHistory(f"\"{' '.join(cursor)}\"")
        commits += history["nodes"][::-1]
else:
    commits = history["nodes"]

print(commits)