Mongoose 对象中的虚拟是未定义的？答案

【问题标题】：Virtual in Mongoose Object is Undefined?Mongoose 对象中的虚拟是未定义的？
【发布时间】：2016-01-23 02:02:36
【问题描述】：

我最近一直在学习 MongoDB 和 Mongoose，以努力学习 MEAN 堆栈。使用这门课程：https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-mongodb-using-mean-stack-mongodbx-m101x 我正在尝试为我的产品模式创建一个虚拟模式，以更用户友好的方式显示价格。然而，当打印出这个虚拟的displayPrice 时，除非通过toObject 或toJSON 访问，否则它会显示为未定义，即使这样，美元符号也会显示为问号。对于任何愚蠢和明显的疏忽，我深表歉意，我是这个数据库的新手，找不到很多简单解释事情的教程。

代码如下：

var mongoose = require("mongoose");
var Category = require("./categoryschema.js");

var productSchema = {
    name: {
        type: String,
        required: true
    },
    // Pictures must start with http://"
    pictures: [{ type: String, match: /^http:\/\//i }],
    price: {
        amount: {
            type: Number,
            required: true
        },
        currency: {
            type: String,
            enum: ["USD", "EUR", "GBP"],
            required: true
        }
    },
    category: Category.categorySchema
};

module.exports = new mongoose.Schema(productSchema);
module.exports.productSchema = productSchema;

var schema = new mongoose.Schema(productSchema);
var Product = mongoose.model("Product", schema);

var currencySymbols = {
    "USD": "$",
    "EUR": "E",
    "GBP": "P"
};

// Make human readable string form of price. "$25" instead of "25 USD"

schema.virtual("displayPrice").get(function() {
    return currencySymbols[this.price.currency] + "" + this.price.amount;
});

schema.set("toObject", { virtuals: true });
schema.set("toJSON", { virtuals: true });

var p = new Product({
    name: "test product",
    price: {
        amount: "33.58",
        currency: "USD"
    }
});

console.log(p.displayPrice);
p.price.amount = 20;
console.log(p.displayPrice);
p.price.currency = "EUR";
console.log(JSON.stringify(p));
var obj = p.toObject();
console.log(obj.displayPrice);

输出：

undefined
undefined
{"name":"test product","_id":"569c39774093336c149eba2c","category":{"ancestors":
[]},"price":{"amount":20,"currency":"EUR"},"pictures":[],"displayPrice":"E20","i
d":"569c39774093336c149eba2c"}
E20

【问题讨论】：

修复了问号的问题。显然命令提示符或节点不能识别 € 和 GBP 符号。
我也有同样的问题，但我无法更改虚拟键...很奇怪。

标签： node.js mongodb mongoose database-schema mongoose-schema

【解决方案1】：

似乎唯一可行的是将虚拟分配给价格键。我不知道为什么这是解决方案，所以任何答案都会受到赞赏。它似乎只改变了直接记录虚拟的值。

新产品架构：

var mongoose = require("mongoose");
var Category = require("./categoryschema.js");
var fx = require("./fx.js");

var productSchema = {
    name: {
        type: String,
        required: true
    },
    // Pictures must start with http://"
    pictures: [{ type: String, match: /^http:\/\//i }],
    price: {
        amount: {
            type: String,
            required: true,
            set: function(v) {
                this.internal.approximatePriceUSD = v / (fx()[this.price.currency] || 1);
                return v;
            }
        },
        currency: {
            type: String,
            enum: ["USD", "EUR", "GBP"],
            required: true,
            set: function(v) {
                this.internal.approximatePriceUSD = this.price.amount / (fx()[v] || 1);
                return v;
            }
        }
    },
    category: Category.categorySchema,
    internal: {
        approximatePriceUSD: Number
    }
};

var schema = new mongoose.Schema(productSchema);
var Product = mongoose.model("Product", schema);

var currencySymbols = {
    "USD": "$",
    "EUR": "E",
    "GBP": "P"
};

// Make human readable string form of price. "$25" instead of "25 USD"

schema.virtual("price.displayPrice").get(function() {
    return currencySymbols[this.price.currency] + "" + this.internal.approximatePriceUSD;
});

schema.set("toObject", { virtuals: true });
schema.set("toJSON", { virtuals: true });

var p = new Product({
    name: "test product",
    price: {
        amount: "12.50",
        currency: "USD"
    },
    category: {
        name: "test"
    }
});

console.log(p.price.displayPrice);
console.log(p.price.currency + ": " + p.internal.approximatePriceUSD);
p.price.currency = "EUR";
console.log(p.price.displayPrice);
console.log(p.price.currency + ": " + p.internal.approximatePriceUSD);
p.price.currency = "GBP";
console.log(p.price.displayPrice);
console.log(p.price.currency + ": " + p.internal.approximatePriceUSD);

module.exports = new mongoose.Schema(productSchema);
module.exports.productSchema = productSchema;

新输出：

$12.5
USD: 12.5
E11.363636363636363
EUR: 11.363636363636363
P8.333333333333334
GBP: 8.333333333333334

【讨论】：