存在依赖时Spring No Class Found异常

Question

我收到以下错误，我研究过它是由于缺乏依赖关系引起的，或者至少这就是类似问题的答案。我相信我对 spring 框架有所有必要的依赖，但它一直抛出错误。我在服务器和项目上都运行干净，但无济于事。任何输入都会很棒，因为我对 Spring 和 Java 企业应用程序非常陌生。

org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log SEVERE: StandardWrapper.Throwable  
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: 
org/springframework/context/support/FileSystemXmlApplicationContext
at mycalendar.servlets.EventServlet.init(EventServlet.java:53)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1238)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1151)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.allocate(StandardWrapper.java:828)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:135)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:141)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:522)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1095)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:672)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

Mar 31, 2016 6:13:41 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke SEVERE: Allocate exception for servlet eventServlet java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/context/support/FileSystemXmlApplicationContext
at mycalendar.servlets.EventServlet.init(EventServlet.java:53)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1238)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1151)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.allocate(StandardWrapper.java:828)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:135)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:141)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:522)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1095)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:672)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

但是在我使用 maven 的 pom 文件中，我确实声明了 spring 框架的上下文，如下所示：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>MyCalendar</groupId>
  <artifactId>MyCalendar</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>jstl</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
    <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>hsqldb</groupId>
        <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
        <version>1.8.0.7</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>


  <build>
    <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.3</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.8</source>
          <target>1.8</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.6</version>
        <configuration>
          <warSourceDirectory>WebContent</warSourceDirectory>
          <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

错误来自我的 servlet：

@覆盖 公共无效初始化（ServletConfig 配置）抛出 ServletException { 超级初始化（配置）；

ApplicationContext context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml"); <------here

Calendar cal = new GregorianCalendar();

Event eventOne = new Event(1, "event 1", "john smith", "12:00am","Fullerton, CA",cal);
Event eventTwo = new Event(2, "event 1", "jane smith", "1:00pm","Placentia,CA",cal);
Event eventThree = new Event(3, "event 3", "jules smith", "2:00pm","Brea, CA",cal);

//Add Dummy Data
eventsDatabase.add(eventOne);
eventsDatabase.add(eventTwo);
eventsDatabase.add(eventThree);

}

项目结构：

Answer 1

查看您的代码，我可以看到您定义了一个 pom.xml，但由于您的项目不是 maven 项目，实际上您没有如下所示的项目结构

src
 - main
   - java
     - .....
   - resource
     - ....
   - webapp
      WEB-INF
       - ....
      .....
 - test
    - java
      - .....
    - resource
      - ....

出于这个原因，您为依赖项打包设置了 pom 等等，但您不能使用 maven，可能您正在使用 eclipse ide 来构建战争，而 eclipse 可能没有正确打包您在 lib 文件夹下的依赖项网络信息。您已经手动设置了 eclipse for pakage 的依赖关系。

我的建议是重构您的代码以使 maven 受益，并使用我上面描述的结构，让 eclipse 意识到您有一个设置 maven 特性的 maven 项目，并且不要将 FileSystemXmlApplicationContext 用于 Web 应用程序。你应该使用这样的结构：

配置您的 Spring Web 上下文：getRootConfigClasses 用于您的根 Spring 上下文的 @Configuration 类，getServletConfigClasses 用于您的 @Configuration 类用于您的 Web 上下文

public class PhoneBookServletInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[] {PhonBookApplicationContext.class};
    }

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[] {PhoneBookMvcContext.class};
    }

    @Override
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[] {"/"};
    }
}

像这样配置你的 Spring Web 上下文：

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"it.valeriovaudi.web.controller","it.valeriovaudi.web.rest"})
@EnableWebMvc
public class PhoneBookMvcContext extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

//    Thymeleaf Config
/*
*  <bean id="templateResolver"
         class="org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ServletContextTemplateResolver"
         p:prefix="/WEB-INF/templates/"
         p:templateMode="HTML5"
         p:suffix=".html"/>
     <bean id="templateEngine"
         class="org.thymeleaf.spring4.SpringTemplateEngine"
         p:templateResolver-ref="templateResolver">
         <property name="additionalDialects">
         <set>
         <bean class="org.thymeleaf.extras.springsecurity3.dialect.SpringSecurityDialect"/>
         </set>
         </property>
     </bean>
     <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring4.view.ThymeleafViewResolver"
            p:templateEngine-ref="templateEngine"/>
    */
    @Bean
    public ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver(){
        ServletContextTemplateResolver servletContextTemplateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver();
        servletContextTemplateResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
        servletContextTemplateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
        servletContextTemplateResolver.setTemplateMode("HTML5");

        return servletContextTemplateResolver;
    }

    @Bean
    public SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine(){
        SpringTemplateEngine springTemplateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
        springTemplateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver());
        springTemplateEngine.setAdditionalDialects(Collections.singleton(new SpringSecurityDialect()));
        return springTemplateEngine;
    }

    @Bean
    public ThymeleafViewResolver thymeleafViewResolver(){
        ThymeleafViewResolver thymeleafViewResolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
        thymeleafViewResolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine());

        return thymeleafViewResolver;
    }

    /*
    Message .properties sources
    <bean id="messageSource"
    class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource"
    p:basenames="WEB-INF/messages/messages"/>
    */

    @Bean
    public MessageSource messageSource(){
        ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource reloadableResourceBundleMessageSource = new ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource();
        reloadableResourceBundleMessageSource.setBasenames("WEB-INF/messages/messages");

        return reloadableResourceBundleMessageSource;
    }
   /*
    <mvc:resources mapping="/resources*//**" location="web-resources/, classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/" />
    <mvc:resources mapping="/favicon.ico" location="web-resources/img/favicon.jpg" />
     */

    @Override
    public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
        super.addResourceHandlers(registry);

        registry.addResourceHandler("/resources/**").addResourceLocations("web-resources/").addResourceLocations("classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/");
        registry.addResourceHandler("/favicon.ico").addResourceLocations("web-resources/img/favicon.jpg");
    }

}

对于这个示例，我从我的开源项目 PhoneBook 中获取灵感，但关键是您已经像上面一样配置了您的上下文，独立于配置的 bean，以您配置的类和项目为例使用 maven 所需的结构。

希望对你有帮助