如何链接 MinGW (gcc) 和 TBB答案

【问题标题】：How to link MinGW (gcc) and TBB如何链接 MinGW (gcc) 和 TBB
【发布时间】：2020-07-30 09:07:01
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试使用 MinGW 编译我的 TBB 程序。我知道 TBB 已正确安装在我的机器上，因为它在 Visual Studio 中编译得很好。我是否需要做更多的事情来告诉 MinGW TBB 的安装位置？或者只是链接库所需的一切？尝试使用 gcc 编译时出现这些错误。

 C:\Users\Owner\Desktop\New folder\OpenMP vs TBB>make
g++  -LC:\tbb\tbb\lib\intel64\vc14 -O3 -o pps avl.o main.o parPlaneSweep.o -fopenmp -ltbb
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x433f): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::init()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x435d): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::allocate_root_with_context_proxy::allocate(unsigned int) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x439d): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::get_initial_auto_partitioner_divisor()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x43d0): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::~task_group_context()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x47d5): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::init()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x47f3): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::allocate_root_with_context_proxy::allocate(unsigned int) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x4835): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::get_initial_auto_partitioner_divisor()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x4868): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::~task_group_context()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x7743): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::allocate_continuation_proxy::allocate(unsigned int) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x776c): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::allocate_child_proxy::allocate(unsigned int) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x7a66): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::is_group_execution_cancelled() const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x7abc): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::allocate_continuation_proxy::allocate(unsigned int) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x7ae5): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::allocate_child_proxy::allocate(unsigned int) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x8cab): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::allocate_continuation_proxy::allocate(unsigned int) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x8cd4): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::allocate_child_proxy::allocate(unsigned int) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x8f69): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::is_group_execution_cancelled() const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x8fb4): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::allocate_continuation_proxy::allocate(unsigned int) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text+0x8fdd): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::allocate_child_proxy::allocate(unsigned int) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev]+0x43): undefined reference to `tbb::interface7::internal::task_arena_base::internal_execute(tbb::interface7::internal::delegate_base&) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev]+0x4e): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::is_group_execution_cancelled() const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev]+0x73): undefined reference to `tbb::interface5::internal::task_base::destroy(tbb::task&)'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev]+0x87): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::~task_group_context()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev]+0xe3): undefined reference to `tbb::interface7::internal::task_arena_base::internal_terminate()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev]+0xf1): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::reset()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev]+0x10b): undefined reference to `tbb::interface7::internal::task_arena_base::internal_initialize()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD1Ev]+0x12e): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::reset()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev]+0x44): undefined reference to `tbb::interface7::internal::task_arena_base::internal_execute(tbb::interface7::internal::delegate_base&) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev]+0x4f): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::is_group_execution_cancelled() const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev]+0x74): undefined reference to `tbb::interface5::internal::task_base::destroy(tbb::task&)'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev]+0x88): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::~task_group_context()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev]+0xf3): undefined reference to `tbb::interface7::internal::task_arena_base::internal_terminate()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev]+0x101): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::reset()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev]+0x11b): undefined reference to `tbb::interface7::internal::task_arena_base::internal_initialize()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text$_ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev[__ZN3tbb4flow11interface105graphD0Ev]+0x13e): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::reset()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text.unlikely+0xf3): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::allocate_root_with_context_proxy::free(tbb::task&) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text.unlikely+0xff): undefined reference to `tbb::task_group_context::~task_group_context()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.text.unlikely+0x118): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::allocate_root_with_context_proxy::free(tbb::task&) const'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: parPlaneSweep.o:parPlaneSweep.cpp:(.rdata$_ZTVN3tbb10interface98internal9flag_taskE[__ZTVN3tbb10interface98internal9flag_taskE]+0x14): undefined reference to `tbb::task::note_affinity(unsigned short)'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Makefile:10: recipe for target 'pps' failed
make: *** [pps] Error 1

这就是我当前的 Makefile 现在的样子。

CC=gcc
CPLUSPLUS = g++ 
OPTFLAGS = -O3
TBB_INCLUDE_PATH = C:\tbb-2020.1-win\tbb\include
TBB_LIBRARY_PATH = C:\tbb\tbb\lib\intel64\vc14

all: pps

pps: avl.o main.o parPlaneSweep.o
    $(CPLUSPLUS) -L$(TBB_LIBRARY_PATH) $(OPTFLAGS) -o $@ $^ -fopenmp -ltbb

avl.o: avl.h avl.c
    $(CC) -c $(OPTFLAGS) -fPIC avl.c

main.o: main.cpp parPlaneSweep.h
    $(CPLUSPLUS) -c $(OPTFLAGS) -fopenmp main.cpp 

parPlaneSweep.o: parPlaneSweep.h parPlaneSweep.cpp
    $(CPLUSPLUS) -c $(OPTFLAGS) -ITBB_INCLUDE_PATH -fPIC -fopenmp parPlaneSweep.cpp

clean:
    rm *.o
    rm pps

【问题讨论】：

vc14 中的 C:\tbb\tbb\lib\intel64\vc14 让我有点害怕。 GCC 不能使用 Visual Studio 库。很抱歉，我没有在您之前的问题中发现这一点，并为您节省了一些时间。您将必须为您的编译器（很可能是编译器版本）下载库，或者下载源代码并为您的编译器构建库。恐怕我不知道这项技术，下载选项需要注册，所以我什至无法为您找到。
感谢您指出这一点。这似乎是个问题。我一直在到处寻找 gcc 特定的库文件，但我看到的每个版本仍然只适用于 VS。有谁知道我在哪里可以找到它们？
MSYS2 包括 tbb。 stackoverflow.com/questions/30069830/…

标签： c++ gcc linker mingw tbb

【解决方案1】：

MinGW 和 MSVC 是不同的工具链，尽管两者都可以生成“本机”Windows 格式的 EXE/DLL 文件。但是 C++ 符号修饰（又名修饰）的完成方式非常不同，因此源代码中的相同函数将被编译成不同名称的二进制函数。工具链之间可能还存在更多应用程序二进制接口 (ABI) 差异。因此，您不能简单地链接由/为 MinGW 和由/为 MSVC 创建的目标文件/库；您需要使用相同的工具链准备所有库。

您可以自己为 MinGW 构建 TBB 二进制文件（TBB makefile 支持它），或者您可以尝试找到一个现成的包，例如问题的 cmets 中提到的 MSYS2 包。

【讨论】：