npm install starter 时 MDC 101 Material Design Tutorial 抛出错误

Question

我正在考虑开始使用 material.io 教程 我从https://codelabs.developers.google.com/codelabs/mdc-101-web#1下载了入门包 但点击 npm install 后显示错误 我无法理解错误：

C:\Users\hp\Desktop\Material\materialdesign\abc\mdc-101\starter>npm install
npm WARN deprecated fsevents@1.2.13: fsevents 1 will break on node v14+ and could be using insecure 
binaries. Upgrade to fsevents 2.

> fibers@4.0.3 install C:\Users\hp\Desktop\Material\materialdesign\abc\mdc- 
101\starter\node_modules\fibers
> node build.js || nodejs build.js


C:\Users\hp\Desktop\Material\materialdesign\abc\mdc-101\starter\node_modules\fibers>if not defined 
npm_config_node_gyp (node "C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\npm-lifecycle\node- 
gyp-bin\\..\..\node_modules\node-gyp\bin\node-gyp.js" rebuild --release )  else (node "C:\Program 
Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\bin\node-gyp.js" rebuild --release )
gyp ERR! find VS
gyp ERR! find VS msvs_version not set from command line or npm config
gyp ERR! find VS VCINSTALLDIR not set, not running in VS Command Prompt
gyp ERR! find VS checking VS2017 (15.9.28307.1440) found at:
gyp ERR! find VS "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\BuildTools"
gyp ERR! find VS - found "Visual Studio C++ core features"
gyp ERR! find VS - found VC++ toolset: v141
gyp ERR! find VS - missing any Windows SDK
gyp ERR! find VS could not find a version of Visual Studio 2017 or newer to use
gyp ERR! find VS looking for Visual Studio 2015
gyp ERR! find VS - not found
gyp ERR! find VS not looking for VS2013 as it is only supported up to Node.js 8
gyp ERR! find VS
gyp ERR! find VS **************************************************************
gyp ERR! find VS You need to install the latest version of Visual Studio
gyp ERR! find VS including the "Desktop development with C++" workload.
gyp ERR! find VS For more information consult the documentation at:
gyp ERR! find VS https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp#on-windows
gyp ERR! find VS **************************************************************
gyp ERR! find VS
gyp ERR! configure error
gyp ERR! stack Error: Could not find any Visual Studio installation to use
gyp ERR! stack     at VisualStudioFinder.fail (C:\Program 
Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:121:47)
gyp ERR! stack     at C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find- 
visualstudio.js:74:16
gyp ERR! stack     at VisualStudioFinder.findVisualStudio2013 (C:\Program 
Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find-visualstudio.js:351:14)
gyp ERR! stack     at C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find- 
visualstudio.js:70:14
gyp ERR! stack     at C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\find- 
visualstudio.js:372:16
gyp ERR! stack     at C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\util.js:54:7
gyp ERR! stack     at C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node- 
gyp\lib\util.js:33:16
gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.exithandler (child_process.js:315:5)
gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:315:20)
gyp ERR! stack     at maybeClose (internal/child_process.js:1048:16)
gyp ERR! System Windows_NT 10.0.19041
gyp ERR! command "C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe" "C:\\Program 
Files\\nodejs\\node_modules\\npm\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js" "rebuild" "--release"
gyp ERR! cwd C:\Users\hp\Desktop\Material\materialdesign\abc\mdc-101\starter\node_modules\fibers
gyp ERR! node -v v14.16.1
gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v5.1.0
gyp ERR! not ok
node-gyp exited with code: 1
Please make sure you are using a supported platform and node version. If you
would like to compile fibers on this machine please make sure you have setup your
build environment--
Windows + OS X instructions here: https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp
Ubuntu users please run: `sudo apt-get install g++ build-essential`
RHEL users please run: `yum install gcc-c++` and `yum groupinstall 'Development Tools'`
Alpine users please run: `sudo apk add python make g++`

'nodejs' 未被识别为内部或外部命令， 可运行的程序或批处理文件。 npm WARN 可选跳过可选依赖：fsevents@^1.2.7 (node_modules\chokidar\node_modules\fsevents): npm WARN notsup 跳过可选依赖：fsevents@1.2.13 不受支持的平台：想要 {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"}（当前：{"os":"win32","arch":"x64"}）

npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
npm ERR! errno 1
npm ERR! fibers@4.0.3 install: `node build.js || nodejs build.js`
npm ERR! Exit status 1
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Failed at the fibers@4.0.3 install script.
npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     C:\Users\hp\AppData\Roaming\npm-cache\_logs\2021-04-15T08_25_49_219Z-debug.log

我不明白为什么它与 IDE 无关时提到 Visual Studio。 PS：我的 Visual Studio 代码完全是最新的。

Answer 1

它需要VC，不是IDE，而是工具链。一些模块需要内置到适当的本机插件中并且是本机二进制文件。我认为有时维护人员提供了一种为某些操作系统获取预构建二进制文件的方法，但如果它不是预构建的，那么它必须在本地构建，因为你需要一个真正的工具链。因此，您需要为此使用 Visual Studio 构建工具。

您是否点击了错误消息中的链接？ https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp#on-windows

如果您按照本教程的设计目标在同一操作系统上进行操作，那么体验可能会不那么痛苦，因此您可能会感到惊讶。通常，开发人员甚至忘记了他们所依赖的东西依赖于其他东西，即原生插件。