在 C++ 中输入数字时出现问题

Question

我正在制作一个程序，其中包括制作一个菜单来注册和删除商店中的产品，我只是在设计带有开关的菜单，到那里一切正常，问题是当我输入其他内容时一个数字作为数据（字母或符号）控制台变得疯狂；所有的文字开始闪烁，它不会让我做任何事情（好像它在一个循环中），我必须关闭它。

有什么办法可以避免这种情况吗？所以当我输入一个字母或符号时，它会自动检测为无效并向我显示消息，而不会让控制台发疯？

顺便说一下，我用的是 Visual Studio。

提前致谢:)

#include<iostream>
#include<locale.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
   
    int opc;

    cout << "                WELCOME TO THE STORE \"Happy Shopping\" ";
    cout << endl;
    

    cout << "\n1.- Create Order.";
    cout << "\n2.- Delate Order.";
    cout << "\n3.- list of orders created.";
    cout << "\n4.- Exit";
    cout << endl;
    cout << "\n¿what do you want to do?: "; cin >> opc;

    switch (opc)
    {

    case 1:cout << "\nCreate Order"; break;
    case 2:cout << "\nDelate Order"; break;
    case 3: cout << "\nlist of orders created"; break;
    case 4:exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
    default:
        
        if ((opc != 1) && (opc != 2) && (opc != 3) && (opc != 4))
        {

            system("cls");

                cout << "the option entered is not valid, try again";
                return main();


        }
    }
}

Answer 1

如果您将opc 设为string 并将输入作为字符串，您可以手动检查该字符串是否是这样的数字：

cin >> opc;
if (!isdigit(opc[0]) // since you're dealing with single-digit numbers, this should be fine
{
  cout << "You didn't enter a number!\n";
  // Any other error handling
}

isdigit是一个位于cctype头文件中的函数，所以你应该在文件开头加上#include <cctype>。

在此之后，您可以使用stoi() 将opc 转换为整数：

int opnum = stoi(opc);
// opnum is now the number, write the rest of the code such that it uses opnum

Answer 2

也许不返回 main？

switch (opc)
{

case 1:cout << "\nCreate Order"; break;
case 2:cout << "\nDelate Order"; break;
case 3: cout << "\nlist of orders created"; break;
case 4:exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
default:
    system("cls");
    cout << "the option entered is not valid, try again";
}

Answer 3

如前所述，您不应该return main()。例如，您可以通过测试输入来使用循环（肯定是可能存在的众多解决方案之一）。

另外，您不需要下面的代码部分：

 // you do not need the if as you are already in the case !=1,2,3, or 4
 if ((opc != 1) && (opc != 2) && (opc != 3) && (opc != 4))

我从您的代码中为您提供了一个尝试，这可能有助于改进您的代码。 可能还有一些错误，但这是一个很好的起点

#include<iostream>
#include<locale.h>

int main()
{

    int opc=0;
    std::string input;

    std::cout << "                WELCOME TO THE STORE \"Happy Shopping\" ";
    std::cout << std::endl;
    // first display
    std::cout << "\n1.- Create Order.";
    std::cout << "\n2.- Delate Order.";
    std::cout << "\n3.- list of orders created.";
    std::cout << "\n4.- Exit";
    std::cout << std::endl;
    std::cout << "\n¿what do you want to do?: "; //cin >> opc;

    std::cin >> input;

    while ( input.length() > 0 )
    {
        // if we enter a string of more than length 1


        try
        {
            opc = std::stoi( input );

        }
        catch (...)
        {
            // mainly if the converted argument is not a number =>std::invalid_argument
            std::cout << "invalid value " << opc << std::endl;
        }
        std::cout << "you entered the value " << opc << std::endl;

        switch (opc)
        {

        case 1:
            std::cout << "\nCreate Order";
            break;
        case 2:
            std::cout << "\nDelate Order";
            break;
        case 3:
            std::cout << "\nlist of orders created";
            break;
        case 4:
            exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
        default:
            // you do not need the if as you are already in the case !=1,2,3, or 4
            //if ((opc != 1) && (opc != 2) && (opc != 3) && (opc != 4))
            //{
            system("cls");
            // if you type things other than
            std::cout << "\n1.- Create Order.";
            std::cout << "\n2.- Delate Order.";
            std::cout << "\n3.- list of orders created.";
            std::cout << "\n4.- Exit";
            std::cout << std::endl;
            std::cout << "\n¿what do you want to do?: "; //cin >> opc;
        }

        std::cin >> input;

    }
}