【发布时间】：2021-08-23 15:59:28
【问题描述】：
正在编写一些代码，然后尝试启动它，但出现了大约 500 个错误。
一段时间后，我创建了一个新项目并开始删除我编写的代码片段，以检测导致错误的原因。
我最终得到了这个：
#include <random>
int main()
{
return 0;
}
令我惊讶的是，它并没有解决错误！ 仍然有大约 50 个错误，当我尝试编译项目时，我得到了这个：
Build started ...
1> ------ Build started: project: test, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1> test.cpp
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (374.5): error C2760: syntax error: unexpected token "id"; "expression" is required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (463): message: a reference to an instance of the class function template "std :: linear_congruential_engine <_Uint, _Ax, _Cx, _Mx> "
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (374,5): error C2187: syntax error: unexpected element "id" here
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (374.5): error C2062: "unsigned int" type is not required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (374,1): error C2238: unexpected tokens before ";"
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (469.5): error C2760: syntax error: unexpected token "id"; "expression" is required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (556): message: a reference to an instance of the class function template "std :: linear_congruential <_Uint, _Ax, _Cx, _Mx> "
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (469.5): error C2187: syntax error: unexpected element "id" here
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (469.5): error C2062: "unsigned int" type is not required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (469,1): error C2238: unexpected tokens before ";"
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (865.5): error C2760: syntax error: unexpected token "id"; "expression" is required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (925): message: a reference to an instance of the class function template "std :: subtract_with_carry_engine <_Ty, _Wx, _Sx, _Rx> "
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (865,5): error C2187: syntax error: unexpected element "id" here
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (865.5): error C2062: "unsigned int" type is not required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (865,1): error C2238: unexpected tokens before ";"
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1185.5): error C2760: syntax error: unexpected token "id"; "expression" is required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1261): message: a reference to an instance of the class function template "std :: mersenne_twister_engine <_Ty, _Wx, _Nx, _Mx, _Rx, _Px, _Ux, _Dx, _Sx, _Bx, _Tx, _Cx, _Lx, _Fx> "
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1185,5): error C2187: syntax error: unexpected element "id" here
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1185.5): error C2062: "unsigned int" type is not required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1185,1): error C2238: unexpected tokens before ";"
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1410.5): error C2760: syntax error: unexpected token "id"; "expression" is required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1544): message: a reference to an instance of the class function template "std :: independent_bits_engine <_Engine, _Wx, _UIntType> "
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1410,5): error C2187: syntax error: unexpected element "id" here
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1410,5): error C2062: "unsigned int" type is not required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1410,1): error C2238: unexpected tokens before ";"
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSV C\14.29.30037\include\random (1863.5): error C2760: syntax error: unexpected token "id"; "expression" is required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1885): message: a reference to an instance of the class function template "std :: uniform_int_distribution <_Ty> "
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1863.5): error C2187: syntax error: unexpected element "id" here
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1863.5): error C2062: "unsigned int" type is not required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (1863,1): error C2238: unexpected tokens before ";"
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2062.5): error C2760: syntax error: unexpected token "id"; "expression" is required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2164): message: a reference to an instance of the class function template "std :: geometric_distribution <_Ty> "
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2062.5): error C2187: syntax error: unexpected element "id" here
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2062.5): error C2062: "unsigned int" type is not required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2062,1): error C2238: unexpected tokens before ";"
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2222.5): error C2760: syntax error: unexpected token "id"; "expression" is required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2347): message: a reference to an instance of the class function template "std :: poisson_distribution <_Ty> "
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2222.5): error C2187: syntax error: unexpected element "id" here
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2222.5): error C2062: "unsigned int" type is not required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2222,1): error C2238: unexpected tokens before ";"
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2379.5): error C2760: syntax error: unexpected token "id"; "expression" is required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2554): message: a reference to an instance of the class function template "std :: binomial_distribution <_Ty> "
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2379.5): error C2187: syntax error: unexpected element "id" here
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2379.5): error C2062: "unsigned int" type is not required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (2379,1): error C2238: unexpected tokens before ";"
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (4272.5): error C2760: syntax error: unexpected token "id"; "expression" is required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (4388): message: a reference to an instance of the class function template "std :: negative_binomial_distribution <_Ty> "
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (4272.5): error C2187: syntax error: unexpected element "id" here
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (4272.5): error C2062: "unsigned int" type is not required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (4272,1): error C2238: unexpected tokens before ";"
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (4418.5): error C2760: syntax error: unexpected token "id"; "expression" is required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (4587): message: running compiling an instance reference class function template "std :: discrete_distribution <_Ty>"
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (4418.5): error C2187: syntax error: unexpected element "id" here
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (4418.5): error C2062: "unsigned int" type is not required
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (4418,1): error C2238: unexpected tokens before ";"
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (4418.5): error C2059: syntax error :,
1> C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random (4418): error C2062: "unknown-type" is not required
1> Build of the project "test.vcxproj" completed with an error.
========== Build: success: 0, with errors: 1, no changes: 0, skipped: 0 ==========
已修复。 “随机”以某种方式发生了变化，它的大小是 172 053 字节，而必须是 172 041 字节。重新安装 VS 并备份这些文件。
感谢大家的帮助
【问题讨论】：
-
你重建解决方案 / 重启 VS / 重启 Windows / 修复 VS。通常是其中之一。虽然项目文件也可能损坏，但不太可能。
-
检查命令行定义的项目设置。
-
第 374 行是
_RNG_REQUIRE_UINTTYPE宏的第一次使用，我猜它或它使用的宏之一已损坏或其他地方的定义存在冲突，random应该是172,041字节。Get-FileHash "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30037\include\random"应该返回7A8378B21B6DC5AE4573D49CA6277A5C6B87C34FD1DF5F4C481584CA4C086862 -
我的随机文件有不同的大小和哈希我创建了一个全新的项目，问题没有解决。另外，我大约一周没有更改任何 VS 设置。这个问题只是没有明显的原因出现正如我从 cmets 中了解到的，我必须重新安装 VS。会尝试找到一个更好的解决方案，但如果我没有幸运找到一个，我会重新安装它并告诉它是否有效。
标签： c++ visual-studio random c++17 visual-studio-2019