有没有办法为单选按钮定义一个命令，以在多项选择测验中显示正确或错误的答案？

Question

我是一名初学者，尝试使用 Tkinter 在 python 中创建多项选择测验。对不起，如果我创建了一个混乱的代码。我正在使用单选按钮来获得不同的答案。我想在选择选项 1 时显示消息“这是正确答案”，在选择任何其他选项时显示“这是错误答案”。目前，无论选择何种选项，消息始终是“这是错误答案”。我明白价值与它无关，但我没有找到正确的方法。有没有办法定义这种命令？非常感谢您提供的任何帮助、建议和答案。

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import messagebox

window = Tk()
window.title("Quiz")
window.geometry("500x150")
score = 0
def inst():
    t = Label(window, text="Choose the correct statement to answer the 
question")
    t.pack()

def start():
    start_game()

greet = Label(window, text="Welcome to the Quiz")
greet.pack()
startButton = Button(window, command=start, text="Start")
startButton.pack()
instr = Button(window, text="Instructions", command=inst)
instr.pack()
end = Button(window, text="Exit", command=window.destroy)
end.pack()

def start_game():
    top = Toplevel()
    top.title("Question 1")
    var = StringVar()
    def check():
        if var.get() is True:
            messagebox.showinfo('Congrats', message='This is the correct 
answer.Score is {}'.format(score))
        else:
            messagebox.showinfo('Lose', message='This answer is wrong.')
    R1 = Radiobutton(top,
    text="Option 1",
    indicatoron=0,
    width=20,
    padx=20,
    pady=10,
    variable=var,
    value=True,
    command=check)
    R1.pack( anchor = W )
    R2 = Radiobutton(top,
    text="Option 2",
    indicatoron=0,
    width=20,
    padx=20,
    pady=10,
    variable=var,
    value=False,
    command=check)
    R2.pack( anchor = W )
    R3 = Radiobutton(top,
    text="Option 3",
    indicatoron=0,
    width=20,
    padx=20,
    pady=10,
    variable=var,
    value=False,
    command=check)
    R3.pack( anchor = W)
    label = Label(top)
    label.pack()

window.mainloop()

Answer 1

由于您使用的是布尔值，我认为改用 BooleanVar 更有意义。

如果您知道哪个是正确的，您可以简单地将按钮传递给check 函数并更改它们的颜色：

def check(btn1, btn2):
    btn1.config(bg='green')
    btn2.config(bg='red')

然后像这样修改单选按钮（就在您定义它们的位置下方）：

for btn in (R1, R2):
    btn.config(command=lambda btn1=R1,btn2=R2:check(btn1,btn2))

注意，我使用了两个按钮，因为 R2 和 R3 具有相同的值，因此它们可以有效地组合为一个。

这是一个例子；它使用一个按钮列表来存储所有已创建的单选按钮，并根据其文本更改每个单选按钮的颜色，同时检查玩家是否得到正确的答案。

import tkinter as tk

def check_answer():
    if question_answer.get() == 2: #get the value of the integer variable
        print('you got it right')  #if it has been set to 2 by the player, they got it right
    for btn in btnlist: #check each of our radiobuttons
        if int(btn['text']) == 2: #if the text of that button is equal to the correct answer
            btn.config(bg='green') #make it green
        else:
            btn.config(bg='red') #otherwise make it red

win = tk.Tk()
question = 'What is 1+1?' #put your question here

question_answer = tk.IntVar() #we use an Integer Variable to store the value of the answer
question_answer.set(0) #we set the value of the correct answer to 0

lbl = tk.Label(win, text=question)
lbl.grid(columnspan=4)

column = 0
btnlist = []
for answer in range(4): #create radiobuttons in a for loop
    btn = tk.Radiobutton(win, text=str(answer), variable=question_answer,
                         value=answer) #associate each button with the answer variable
    #but give each button its own unique value
    btnlist.append(btn)
    btn.grid(row=1, column=column)
    column += 1

confirm_btn = tk.Button(win, text='Confirm', command=check_answer)
confirm_btn.grid(columnspan=4)
win.mainloop()

在此示例中，我使用了IntVar，因为答案是整数，您也可以根据需要以相同的方式使用BooleanVar 或StringVar。

编辑：根据您在 cmets 中的要求：

import tkinter as tk

win = tk.Tk()
text_to_add_to_btns = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E'] #change to whatever text you like
#with however many elements which represent each individual button
btn_list = []
Column = 0
for txt in text_to_add_to_btns:
    btn = tk.Button(win, text=txt)
    btn.grid(row=0, column=Column, sticky='nesw')
    btn_list.append(btn)
    Column += 1
win.mainloop()

我们创建一个默认列表，其中包含要作为单独列表元素添加到每个按钮的文本。然后我们遍历该列表为每个元素创建每个按钮，并将按钮的文本设置为该元素，然后将其附加到我们单独的按钮列表中。