【发布时间】:2022-01-23 00:55:04
【问题描述】:
我试图从优秀的书籍Crafting Interpreters 中用 C++ 编写我自己的 VM 实现。
本书构建了一个基于堆栈的虚拟机,我正在编写一个C++版本
所以这是编译器对我大喊大叫的代码。
object.h
#pragma once
#include "common.h"
#include "value.h"
#include "chunk.h"
#define OBJ_TYPE(value) (AS_OBJ(value)->type)
#define IS_CLOSURE(value) isObjType(value, OBJ_CLOSURE)
#define IS_FUNCTION(value) isObjType(value, OBJ_FUNCTION)
#define IS_NATIVE(value) isObjType(value, OBJ_NATIVE)
#define IS_STRING(value) isObjType(value, OBJ_STRING)
#define AS_CLOSURE(value) ((ObjClosure*)AS_OBJ(value))
#define AS_FUNCTION(value) ((ObjFunction*)AS_OBJ(value))
#define AS_NATIVE(value) (((ObjNative*)AS_OBJ(value))->function)
#define AS_STRING(value) ((ObjString*)AS_OBJ(value))
#define AS_CSTRING(value) (((ObjString*)AS_OBJ(value))->chars)
typedef enum {
OBJ_CLOSURE,
OBJ_FUNCTION,
OBJ_NATIVE,
OBJ_STRING,
OBJ_UPVALUE
} ObjType;
struct Obj {
ObjType type;
Obj* next;
};
struct ObjString :Obj {
int length;
char* chars;
uint32_t hash;
};
struct ObjFunction :Obj {
int arity;
int upvalueCount;
Chunk chunk;
ObjString* name;
};
struct ObjUpvalue :Obj {
Value* location;
};
struct ObjClosure :Obj {
ObjFunction* function;
ObjUpvalue** upvalues;
int upvalueCount;
};
typedef Value(*NativeFn)(int, Value*);
struct ObjNative :Obj {
NativeFn function;
};
ObjUpvalue* newUpvalue(Value* slot);
ObjClosure* newClosure(ObjFunction* function);
ObjFunction* newFunction();
ObjNative* newNative(NativeFn function);
ObjString* takeString(char* chars, int length);
ObjString* copyString(const char* chars, int length);
void printObject(Value value);
static inline bool isObjType(Value value, ObjType type) {
return IS_OBJ(value) && AS_OBJ(value)->type == type;
}
common.h
#pragma once
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#define DEBUG_PRINT_CODE
#define DEBUG_TRACE_EXECUTION
#define UINT8_COUNT (UINT8_MAX + 1)
值.h
#pragma once
#include "common.h"
#include "object.h"
typedef enum {
VAL_BOOL,
VAL_NIL,
VAL_NUMBER,
VAL_OBJ
} ValueType;
#define IS_BOOL(value) ((value).type == VAL_BOOL)
#define IS_NIL(value) ((value).type == VAL_NIL)
#define IS_NUMBER(value) ((value).type == VAL_NUMBER)
#define IS_OBJ(value) ((value).type == VAL_OBJ)
#define AS_OBJ(value) ((value).as.obj)
#define AS_BOOL(value) ((value).as.boolean)
#define AS_NUMBER(value) ((value).as.number)
#define BOOL_VAL(value) (Value {.type = VAL_BOOL, .as = {.boolean = value}})
#define NIL_VAL (Value {.type = VAL_NIL, .as = {.number = 0}})
#define NUMBER_VAL(value) (Value {.type = VAL_NUMBER, .as = {.number = value}})
#define OBJ_VAL(object) (Value {.type = VAL_OBJ, .as = {.obj = (Obj*)object}})
struct Value {
ValueType type;
union {
bool boolean;
double number;
Obj* obj;
} as;
bool operator==(Value b);
};
struct ValueArray {
int count;
int capacity;
Value* values;
ValueArray();
~ValueArray();
void write(Value value);
};
void printValue(Value value);
void freeValueArray(ValueArray* array);
chunk.h
#pragma once
#include "common.h"
#include "value.h"
typedef enum {
OP_CONSTANT,
OP_NIL,
OP_TRUE,
OP_FALSE,
OP_POP,
OP_GET_LOCAL,
OP_SET_LOCAL,
OP_GET_GLOBAL,
OP_DEFINE_GLOBAL,
OP_SET_GLOBAL,
OP_GET_UPVALUE,
OP_SET_UPVALUE,
OP_EQUAL,
OP_GREATER,
OP_LESS,
OP_NEGATE,
OP_ADD,
OP_SUBTRACT,
OP_MULTIPLY,
OP_DIVIDE,
OP_NOT,
OP_PRINT,
OP_JUMP,
OP_JUMP_IF_FALSE,
OP_LOOP,
OP_CALL,
OP_CLOSURE,
OP_CLOSE_UPVALUE,
OP_RETURN
} OpCode;
struct Chunk {
int count;
int capacity;
uint8_t* code;
int* lines;
ValueArray constants;
Chunk();
~Chunk();
void write(uint8_t byte, int line);
int addConstant(Value value);
};
在编译这些文件和其他一些文件时,我收到以下错误消息
Build started...
1>------ Build started: Project: Clox, Configuration: Debug x64 ------
1>chunk.cpp
1>D:\Ankit\Programming\C++\Clox\object.h(45,8): error C3646: 'chunk': unknown override specifier
1>D:\Ankit\Programming\C++\Clox\object.h(45,13): error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
1>D:\Ankit\Programming\C++\Clox\object.h(51,7): error C2143: syntax error: missing ';' before '*'
1>D:\Ankit\Programming\C++\Clox\object.h(51,7): error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
1>D:\Ankit\Programming\C++\Clox\object.h(51,17): error C2238: unexpected token(s) preceding ';'
1>D:\Ankit\Programming\C++\Clox\object.h(61,15): error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
1>D:\Ankit\Programming\C++\Clox\object.h(61,16): error C2065: 'NativeFn': undeclared identifier
1>D:\Ankit\Programming\C++\Clox\object.h(61,24): error C2513: 'int': no variable declared before '='
1>D:\Ankit\Programming\C++\Clox\object.h(61,24): fatal error C1903: unable to recover from previous error(s); stopping compilation
1>INTERNAL COMPILER ERROR in 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.30.30705\bin\HostX64\x64\CL.exe'
1> Please choose the Technical Support command on the Visual C++
1> Help menu, or open the Technical Support help file for more information
1>Done building project "Clox.vcxproj" -- FAILED.
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========
我不明白为什么会出现这些错误。
【问题讨论】:
-
您不需要在 C++ 中对结构进行 typedef - 除了在 C 中
struct S {}直接将S添加到周围的命名空间中。枚举也一样。使用这些 typedef 所实现的只是使代码更难阅读......除了你真的应该产生一个minimal reproducible example:逐步丢弃任何无助于重现错误的代码(这样做时你可能会发现自己已经犯错了......)。 -
看起来你所有的
Xyz* newXyz(...)函数实际上应该是构造函数。 -
我会说 999/1000 次,你是错误的,而不是编译器。我昨天刚谈到这个。当然,这是关于标准库的。
-
需要
ObjType枚举作为Obj中的成员通常暗示 C++ 中存在设计缺陷。您不应该需要它,而是您宁愿提供虚函数作为通用接口——根据它们实际应该做的事情在继承类中被覆盖。然后从其他地方调用这些虚函数,而不知道对象的具体类型。 -
头文件中的代码看起来像C代码。这段代码是否正在从 C 移植到 C++?
标签: c++ visual-studio compiler-errors crafting-interpreters