带有 QT 的 HTTP 请求错误，但带有 CURL 的请求良好答案

【问题标题】：Bad HTTP request with QT but good request with CURL带有 QT 的 HTTP 请求错误，但带有 CURL 的请求良好
【发布时间】：2021-04-15 13:44:04
【问题描述】：

如果我从命令行使用 CURL 发出 HTTP 请求（来自 Binance docs 的示例）

curl -H "X-MBX-APIKEY: vmPUZE6mv9SD5VNHk4HlWFsOr6aKE2zvsw0MuIgwCIPy6utIco14y7Ju91duEh8A" -X POST 'https://api.binance.com/api/v3/order/test' -d 'symbol=LTCBTC&side=BUY&type=LIMIT&timeInForce=GTC&quantity=1&price=0.1&recvWindow=5000&timestamp=1499827319559&signature=c8db56825ae71d6d79447849e617115f4a920fa2acdcab2b053c4b2838bd6b71'

我明白了：

{"code":-2015,"msg":"Invalid API-key, IP, or permissions for action."}

如果我这样做了

QNetworkRequest request;

request.setRawHeader(QByteArray("X-MBX-APIKEY"), QString("vmPUZE6mv9SD5VNHk4HlWFsOr6aKE2zvsw0MuIgwCIPy6utIco14y7Ju91duEh8A").toUtf8());
request.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentTypeHeader, QString("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"));

request.setUrl(QUrl("https://api.binance.com/api/v3/order/test"));

QByteArray postData = "symbol=LTCBTC&side=BUY&type=LIMIT&timeInForce=GTC&quantity=1&price=0.1&recvWindow=5000&timestamp=1499827319559&signature=c8db56825ae71d6d79447849e617115f4a920fa2acdcab2b053c4b2838bd6b71";
QNetworkReply* reply = m_nm.post(request, postData);

QObject::connect(reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, [this, reply, url, func]()
{
    if (reply->error())
    {
        qDebug() << "Error: " << reply->error() << ", Message: " << reply->errorString();
});
    }
    else
    {
        const QString answer = reply->readAll();

        func(answer);
    }

    //Ensure it is deleted after this handler is called, but not before.
    //reply->deleteLater();
    delete reply;
});

我收到一条错误回复，消息为Error: 204, Message: Host requires authentication。

使用其他 API 密钥，我得到 Bad request 和 QNetworkReply::ProtocolInvalidOperationError。

有什么区别？

EDIT1：

请求成功

request.setUrl(QUrl("https://httpbin.org/post"));

和相同的帖子数据，例如。

EDIT2：

QT adds

"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate", 
"Accept-Language": "en-GB,*"

但不是他们。

【问题讨论】：

标签： qt binance qtnetwork

【解决方案1】：

HTTP 401 错误代码表明请求没有被执行，因为它缺少对所请求资源的有效身份验证凭据，这会导致 Qt 创建错误 QNetworkReply::AuthenticationRequiredError，除此之外，还有有关原因的信息响应正文中的错误。因此，即使出现错误，也必须检查数据。

MWE：

#include <QtNetwork>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);

    QNetworkAccessManager m_nm;
    QNetworkRequest request;
    request.setRawHeader(QByteArray("X-MBX-APIKEY"), QString("vmPUZE6mv9SD5VNHk4HlWFsOr6aKE2zvsw0MuIgwCIPy6utIco14y7Ju91duEh8A").toUtf8());
    request.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentTypeHeader, QString("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"));
    request.setUrl(QUrl("https://api.binance.com/api/v3/order/test"));
    QByteArray postData = "symbol=LTCBTC&side=BUY&type=LIMIT&timeInForce=GTC&quantity=1&price=0.1&recvWindow=5000&timestamp=1499827319559&signature=c8db56825ae71d6d79447849e617115f4a920fa2acdcab2b053c4b2838bd6b71";
    QNetworkReply* reply = m_nm.post(request, postData);

    QObject::connect(reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, [reply]()
    {
        const QString body = reply->readAll();
        if (reply->error() == QNetworkReply::AuthenticationRequiredError){
            qDebug() << "Error: " << reply->error() <<
                        ", Message: " << reply->errorString() <<
                        ", Code: " << reply->attribute(QNetworkRequest::HttpStatusCodeAttribute).toInt() <<
                        ", Description: " << body;
        }
        else if (reply->error() != QNetworkReply::NoError){
            qDebug() << body;
        }
        reply->deleteLater();
        QTimer::singleShot(1000, &QCoreApplication::quit);
    });

    return a.exec();
}

输出：

Error:  QNetworkReply::AuthenticationRequiredError , Message:  "Host requires authentication" , Code:  401 , Description:  "{\"code\":-2015,\"msg\":\"Invalid API-key, IP, or permissions for action.\"}"

【讨论】：