使用Spock在Spring中模拟注入不起作用

Question

所以我在我的项目中使用Spring=Retry 库并尝试为此运行一个测试用例。 我将服务 DCS 作为返回新对象的 bean 加载。 它的两个依赖项 SSService 和 AttributeService 也作为 bean 加载。但这两个是嘲笑。 当我的测试规范运行时，我可以在 DCS.execute 中看到模拟正常。但是像1 * SSService.read(_ as LComponent,_) >> mockSimpleSettingCommResult 这样的交互没有生效，导致空值而不是我希望它返回的值。

@ContextConfiguration(classes = [SpringRetryConfig])
class DCSISpec extends Specification {

    @Autowired
    DCS  DCS
    @Autowired
    SSService sSService
    @Autowired
    AttributeService attributeService

    def setup() {
//        DCS.SSService = SSService
//        DCS.attributeService = attributeService
    }

    def "execute failure"(){
        setup:
        DataCollectionDataSet mockDataCollectionDataSet = Mock(DataCollectionDataSet)
        LComponent mockLComponent = Mock(LComponent)
        SSCommResult mockSimpleSettingCommResult = Mock(SSCommResult)

        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(DCS, "SSService", SSService)
        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(DCS, "attributeService", attributeService)

        when:
        DCS.execute(mockLComponent, mockDataCollectionDataSet)

        then:
        1 *  mockSimpleSettingCommResult.getDegreeOfSuccess() >> SSCommResult.DegreeOfSuccess.FAILURE
        1 * mockDataCollectionDataSet.getNamespace() >> DCSNamespace.xyz
        1 * mockDataCollectionDataSet.getDataElements() >> ["FOO": "BAR"]
        1 *  SSService.read(_ as LComponent,_) >> mockSimpleSettingCommResult

        3 * DCS.execute(_ as LComponent, _ as DataCollectionDataSet)
    }
    @Configuration
    @EnableRetry
    public static class SpringRetryConfig {
        @Bean
        public SSService SSService() {
            Mockito.mock(SSService)
        }
        @Bean
        public AttributeService attributeService() {
            Mockito.mock(AttributeService)
        }
        @Bean
        public DCS  DCS() {
           return new DCS();
        }
    }
}

这是我尝试使用普通 Mockito 时遇到的异常，

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.PogoMetaClassSite.call(PogoMetaClassSite.java:41)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.CallSiteArray.defaultCall(CallSiteArray.java:47)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:116)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:136)
    at com.lexmark.mps.cma.service.DataCollectionRetryTest.test_retry(DataCollectionRetryTest.groovy:70)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:45)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:42)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:73)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:82)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:73)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:263)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:224)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:83)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:68)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:163)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:157)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:69)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:234)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:74)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144)

Answer 1

鉴于我对上述问题的 cmets，我认为您最好在这里使用裸 Mockito（没有 Spock，正如您在 cmets 中所问的那样，因为我正在努力为这个用例制定可读的 Spock 规范） ：

编辑：完全正确的解决方案在这个下面

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = DCSTest.SpringRetryConfig.class)
public class DCSTest {
    @Autowired
    private DCS dcs;

    @Test
    public void test_retry() {
        //given:
        LComponent component = mock(LComponent.class);
        DataCollectionDataSet dataSet = mock(DataCollectionDataSet.class);

        given(dcs.execute(component, dataSet)) //It's BDDMockito class
                .willThrow(new RuntimeException("1"))
                .willThrow(new RuntimeException("2"))
                .willReturn("Foo");

        //when:
        String result = dcs.execute(component, dataSet);

        //then:
        verify(dcs, times(3)).execute(component, dataSet);
        assertThat(result, equalTo("Foo"));
    }

    @Configuration
    @EnableRetry
    static class SpringRetryConfig {
        @Bean
        DCS dcs() {
            return mock(DCS.class);
        }
    }
}

public class DCS {
    @Retryable(maxAttempts = 3)
    String execute(LComponent component, DataCollectionDataSet dataSet) {
        return "Bar";
    }
}

正确的解决方案：

好的，作为 OP 并发现上述 verify(dcs, times(3)).execute(component, dataSet); 无法按预期工作。无论您在times() 中使用什么号码，测试都将始终成功。这是因为@Retryable 围绕dcs 模拟创建了一个方面。因此，对dcs.execute 的每次调用都会被 Spring 拦截，而 Mockito 并不会真正验证调用。为了克服这个问题，我们可以围绕模拟创建自己的方面，并且作为副作用，计算@Retryable 方法被调用的次数。以下是此类解决方案的工作代码：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class DCSTest {
    @Autowired
    private LComponent component;
    @Autowired
    private DataCollectionDataSet dataSet;
    @Autowired
    private DCS dcs;
    @Autowired
    private RetryCount retryCount;

    @Test
    public void test_retry() {
        //when:
        String result = dcs.execute(component, dataSet);

        //then:
        assertThat(retryCount.value, equalTo(3));
        assertThat(result, equalTo("Foo"));
    }

    @Aspect
    public static class RetryCount {
        public int value = 0;

        @Before("execution(* DCS.execute(..))")
        public void advice() {
            value++;
        }
    }

    @Configuration
    @EnableRetry
    @EnableAspectJAutoProxy
    public static class SpringRetryConfig {
        @Bean
        DCS dcs() {
            DCS dcs = mock(DCS.class);
            given(dcs.execute(component(), dataSet())) //It's BDDMockito class and take note that better to keep this declaration here so that Spring doesn't intercept the call once Retryable aspect is created
                    .willThrow(new RuntimeException("1"))
                    .willThrow(new RuntimeException("2"))
                    .willReturn("Foo");
            return dcs;
        }

        @Bean
        RetryCount retryCount() {
            return new RetryCount();
        }

        @Bean
        LComponent component() {
            return new LComponent();
        }

        @Bean
        DataCollectionDataSet dataSet() {
            return new DataCollectionDataSet();
        }
    }
}