无法连接到 Linux Mint 中的 Oracle 11g XE Apex Web 界面

Question

我在我的 Linux Mint 17.3 系统上安装了适用于 Linux x64 的 Oracle 数据库 Express Edition 11g 第 2 版。安装过程成功。我能够使用 sqlplus 连接到数据库、创建新用户、执行命令等。 在安装期间配置数据库时，我使用了默认端口，即 8080 和 1521。 但我无法从我的系统连接到 APEX url，即 localhost:8080/apex/f?p=4950。过去几个小时我一直在寻找解决方案，但找不到任何地方。

lsnrctl 命令的输出如下：

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production on 06-MAR-2016 10:11:05

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC_FOR_XE)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                06-MAR-2016 08:58:41
Uptime                    0 days 1 hr. 12 min. 24 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Default Service           XE
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/iamharish15-HP-15-Notebook-PC/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC_FOR_XE)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=iamharish15-HP-15-Notebook-PC)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

我没有修改任何 tnsnames.ora 或 listener.ora。以下是这些文件的内容： listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File:

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC_FOR_XE))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = iamharish15-HP-15-Notebook-PC)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

DEFAULT_SERVICE_LISTENER = (XE)

tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:

XE =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = iamharish15-HP-15-Notebook-PC)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = XE)
    )
  )

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC_FOR_XE))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

当我启动 SQL 命令行并使用 connect to XE 登录时，如下所示：

SQL> connect username/password@XE
ERROR:
ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect
descriptor

但通常从终端，如果我使用sqlplus username/password 连接，我连接成功。 我想我必须让XE 和XEXDB 服务运行，但到目前为止我还不能。在这方面的任何帮助都将非常有帮助。提前致谢。

Answer 1

经过数小时的“谷歌搜索”和一些“搜索”，我终于可以解决我的问题了。这是我为解决我的问题所做的：

1. alter system set local_listener = '(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=iamharish15-HP-15-Notebook-PC)(PORT=1521))' scope = both;

第 1 步解决了 XE 和 XEXDB 服务未显示的问题，之后当我运行 lsnrctl status 时，XE 和 XEXDB 服务都出现了，我可以使用带有 username/password@XE 命令的命令行 SQL 工具登录。但是 APEX Web 界面仍然不可用。

1. 然后我更新了 tnsnames.ora 和 listener.ora 文件以包含 XEXDB 条目和带有 Presentation = HTTP 行的说明条目。

tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:

XE =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST = 
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = iamharish15-HP-15-Notebook-PC)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = XE)
    )
  )

XEXDB =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST = 
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 8080))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = XEXDB)
    )
  )

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC_FOR_XE))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File:

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC_FOR_XE))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = iamharish15-HP-15-Notebook-PC)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (DESCRIPTION = 
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 8080))(Presentation = HTTP)(Session = RAW)
    )
  )

DEFAULT_SERVICE_LISTENER = (XE)

之后我使用以下命令重新加载了它们的值：

/etc/init.d/oracle-xe force-reload

这解决了问题，我可以连接到 APEX Web 界面并创建新的工作区、用户等。