为以编程方式创建的编辑文本执行类型文本答案

【问题标题】：Perform type text for edit text that create programatically为以编程方式创建的编辑文本执行类型文本
【发布时间】：2023-03-14 23:35:01
【问题描述】：

我是使用 espresso 的新手，现在我正在为我的应用开发自动化测试。

我有如下布局，在带有 id (R.id.parameter_layout) 的线性布局中，我以编程方式创建和膨胀编辑文本作为子视图。

 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                  android:layout_width="match_parent"
                  android:layout_height="match_parent"
                  android:orientation="vertical">

        <ScrollView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="vertical">

            <LinearLayout
                android:id="@+id/parameter_layout"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_marginBottom="5dp"
                android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
                android:orientation="vertical"/>
        </ScrollView>

    </LinearLayout>

我可以使用以下代码获取子视图：

onView(withId(R.id.parameter_layout)).check(matches(withChildHint("areaPath")));

但是当我尝试像下面这样绑定执行类型文本时，我得到了错误。

onView(allOf(withId(R.id.parameter_layout),withChildHint("areaPath"))).perform(typeText("aaa"), closeSoftKeyboard());

这是我的 withChildHint 方法：

static Matcher<View> withChildHint(final String string) {
        return new BoundedMatcher<View, LinearLayout>(LinearLayout.class) {
            @Override
            public boolean matchesSafely(LinearLayout view) {
                View child = view.getChildAt(0);
                if (child != null && child instanceof EditText) {
                    return ((EditText) child).getHint().toString().equals(string);
                }`
                return false;
            }

            @Override
            public void describeTo(Description description) {
                description.appendText("with child text: ");
            }
        };
    }

这是我得到的错误：

 >  android.support.test.espresso.PerformException: Error performing 'type text(/axon-v3/portal/areas/1)' on view '(with id: com.greenwavesystems.axon.lib.testapp:id/parameter_layout and with child text: )'.
                at android.support.test.espresso.PerformException$Builder.build(PerformException.java:83)
                at android.support.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.getUserFriendlyError(DefaultFailureHandler.java:70)
                at android.support.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.handle(DefaultFailureHandler.java:53)
                at android.support.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.runSynchronouslyOnUiThread(ViewInteraction.java:184)
                at android.support.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.doPerform(ViewInteraction.java:115)
                at android.support.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.perform(ViewInteraction.java:87)
                at com.greenwavesystems.axon.lib.testapp.MethodActivityTest.testMethod(MethodActivityTest.java:95)
                at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
                at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
                at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
                at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
                at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
                at android.support.test.internal.statement.UiThreadStatement.evaluate(UiThreadStatement.java:55)
                at android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule$ActivityStatement.evaluate(ActivityTestRule.java:270)
                at org.junit.rules.RunRules.evaluate(RunRules.java:20)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
                at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
                at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
                at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:128)
                at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:27)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
                at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
                at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:115)
                at android.support.test.internal.runner.TestExecutor.execute(TestExecutor.java:59)
                at android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.onStart(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:262)
                at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:1959)
                Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Action will not be performed because the target view does not match one or more of the following constraints:
                ((is displayed on the screen to the user) and (supports input methods or is assignable from class: class android.widget.SearchView))
                Target view: "LinearLayout{id=2131558549, res-name=parameter_layout, visibility=VISIBLE, width=1208, height=378, has-focus=true, has-focusable=true, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=20.0, child-count=2}"
                at android.support.test.espresso.ViewInteraction$1.run(ViewInteraction.java:138)
                at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:423)
                at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:237)
                at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:739)
                at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)
                at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:158)
                at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7229)
                at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
                at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:1230)
                at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1120)

请告知我所缺少的内容，并非常感谢您提供任何帮助。

【问题讨论】：

标签： android unit-testing junit android-espresso

【解决方案1】：

谢谢你的帮助，对我帮助很大:)

我把这个答案放在这里，给任何可能面临同样问题的人。我把代码放在上面约翰建议的地方，并使用如下：

onView(nthChildOf(withId(R.id.parameter_layout),0)).perform(typeText("aaa"), closeSoftKeyboard());

我可以正确获取编辑文本并执行类型文本。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

在你的 logcat 中，它说：

Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Action will not be executed because the target view does not match one or more of the 以下约束：（（在屏幕上显示给用户）和（支持输入法或可从类分配：类 android.widget.SearchView))

目标视图：“LinearLayout{id=2131558549, res-name=parameter_layout, visibility=VISIBLE, width=1208, height=378, has-focus=true, has-focusable=true, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=20.0, child-count=2}"

看来你在LinearLayout 上以target view 执行typeText。

尝试this solution 的idea 得到你的EditText 然后执行typeText(...)

public static Matcher<View> nthChildOf(final Matcher<View> parentMatcher, final int childPosition) {
return new TypeSafeMatcher<View>() {
  @Override
  public void describeTo(Description description) {
    description.appendText("with "+childPosition+" child view of type parentMatcher");
  }

  @Override
  public boolean matchesSafely(View view) {
    if (!(view.getParent() instanceof ViewGroup)) {
      return parentMatcher.matches(view.getParent());
    }

    ViewGroup group = (ViewGroup) view.getParent();
    return parentMatcher.matches(view.getParent()) && group.getChildAt(childPosition).equals(view);
  }
};

【讨论】：