在构建期间找出 PlatformNotSupportedException

Question

我正在使用.NET Core 2.2 为Windows 开发一个项目。明年我将在Linux 上构建和支持它。我正在寻找一种方法来标记错误并在代码中使用 PlatformNotSupportedException 时中断构建。

我看到.NET API analyzer 仍处于预发布阶段，自去年以来没有更新。

Answer 1

您可以使用Mono.Cecil 来检查是否在程序集中的某处引发了异常。

public static class ExceptionHelper<TException> where TException : Exception
{
    private static readonly string typeName = typeof(TException).FullName;

    public static void ThrowIfDetected(Assembly assembly)
    {
        var definition = AssemblyDefinition.ReadAssembly(assembly.Location);
        var exceptions = CreateExceptions(definition);
        if (exceptions.Any())
            throw new AggregateException(exceptions);
    }

    public static void ThrowIfDetected(params Assembly[] assemblies) =>
        ThrowIfDetected(assemblies as IEnumerable<Assembly>);

    public static void ThrowIfDetected(IEnumerable<Assembly> assemblies)
    {
        var exceptions = CreateExceptions(assemblies);
        if (exceptions.Any())
            throw new AggregateException(exceptions);
    }

    private static IEnumerable<Exception> CreateExceptions(IEnumerable<Assembly> assemblies) =>
        assemblies.Select(assembly => AssemblyDefinition.ReadAssembly(assembly.Location))
                  .SelectMany(definition => CreateExceptions(definition));

    private static IEnumerable<Exception> CreateExceptions(AssemblyDefinition definition)
    {
        var methods =
                definition.Modules
                          .SelectMany(m => m.GetTypes())
                          .SelectMany(t => t.Methods)
                          .Where(m => m.HasBody);
        foreach (var method in methods)
        {
            var instructions = method.Body.Instructions
                .Where(i => i.OpCode.Code == Code.Newobj && // new object is created
                            ((MethodReference)i.Operand).DeclaringType.FullName == typeName && // the object is 'TException'
                            i.Next.OpCode.Code == Code.Throw); // and it's immediately thrown
            foreach (var i in instructions)
            {
                var message = $"{definition.FullName} {method.FullName} offset {i.Offset} throws {typeName}";
                yield return new Exception(message);
            }
        }
    }
}

要获取引用的程序集，请使用这样的扩展方法：

public static class AssemblyExtensions
{
    public static Assembly[] ReflectionOnlyLoadReferencedAssemblies(this Assembly assembly) =>
        assembly.GetReferencedAssemblies()
                .Select(a => Assembly.ReflectionOnlyLoad(a.FullName))
                .ToArray();
}

用法：

使用上述代码创建一个新的控制台应用程序并添加对程序集的引用。试试：

try
{
    ExceptionHelper<PlatformNotSupportedException>.ThrowIfDetected(Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().ReflectionOnlyLoadReferencedAssemblies());
}
catch(AggregateException e)
{
    foreach (var inner in e.InnerExceptions)
        Console.WriteLine($"{inner.Message}\n");
}

它给出：

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.Void System.Environment::SetEnvironmentVariable(System.String,System.String) offset 82 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.String System.Environment::InternalGetFolderPath(System.Environment/SpecialFolder,System.Environment/SpecialFolderOption,System.Boolean) offset 75 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.Void System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier::.ctor(System.Security.Principal.WellKnownSidType,System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier) offset 49 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.Int32 System.Security.Principal.Win32::CreateWellKnownSid(System.Security.Principal.WellKnownSidType,System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier,System.Byte[]&) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.Boolean System.Security.Principal.Win32::IsEqualDomainSid(System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier,System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.Int32 System.Security.Principal.Win32::GetWindowsAccountDomainSid(System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier,System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier&) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.Boolean System.Security.Principal.Win32::IsWellKnownSid(System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier,System.Security.Principal.WellKnownSidType) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.IntPtr System.StubHelpers.HStringMarshaler::ConvertToNative(System.String) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.IntPtr System.StubHelpers.HStringMarshaler::ConvertToNativeReference(System.String,System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime.HSTRING_HEADER*) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.String System.StubHelpers.HStringMarshaler::ConvertToManaged(System.IntPtr) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.Void System.StubHelpers.SystemTypeMarshaler::ConvertToNative(System.Type,System.StubHelpers.TypeNameNative*) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.Void System.StubHelpers.SystemTypeMarshaler::ConvertToManaged(System.StubHelpers.TypeNameNative*,System.Type&) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.Int32 System.StubHelpers.HResultExceptionMarshaler::ConvertToNative(System.Exception) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.Exception System.StubHelpers.HResultExceptionMarshaler::ConvertToManaged(System.Int32) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.IntPtr System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime.WindowsRuntimeMarshal::StringToHString(System.String) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.String System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime.WindowsRuntimeMarshal::PtrToStringHString(System.IntPtr) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 System.Void System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime.WindowsRuntimeMarshal::FreeHString(System.IntPtr) offset 17 throws System.PlatformNotSupportedException

现在您可以在单元测试中使用它（例如使用NUnit）来自动检查您引用的程序集是否可以抛出PlatformNotSupportedException

[TestFixture]
public class Tests
{
    [Test]
    public void ReferencedAssembliesDoNOtThrowPlatformNotSupportedException()
    {
        Assert.DoesNotThrow(() => ExceptionHelper<PlatformNotSupportedException>.ThrowIfDetected(yourAssembly.ReflectionOnlyLoadReferencedAssemblies()));
    }
}

如果测试失败，如here 所述，则中断构建。

Answer 2

我建议使用.NET Compiler Platform SDK 创建您自己的规则。您可以找到安装指南here。 您可能会遇到一些安装问题。解决方案是here on stackoverflow。 完成后

• 在 Visual Studio 中，选择 File > New > Project... Analyzer with code fix (.NET Standard)。将其命名为 PlatformNotSupportedExceptionAnalyzer。
• 在解决方案资源管理器中删除除PlatformNotSupportedExceptionAnalyzer 之外的所有项目。
• 从PlatformNotSupportedExceptionAnalyzer 删除.cs 和.resx 文件。
• 添加新类Analyzer。

---

using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Diagnostics;
using System.Collections.Immutable;

// ...

[DiagnosticAnalyzer(LanguageNames.CSharp)]
public class Analyzer : DiagnosticAnalyzer
{
    private static readonly string typeName =
        typeof(System.PlatformNotSupportedException).FullName;

    private static readonly DiagnosticDescriptor rule =
        new DiagnosticDescriptor(id: "ThrowsPlatformNotSupportedException",
                                 title: "Throws 'PlatformNotSupportedException'",
                                 messageFormat: "Do not throw 'PlatformNotSupportedException'",
                                 category: "Usage",
                                 defaultSeverity: DiagnosticSeverity.Error,
                                 isEnabledByDefault: true,
                                 description: "Throws 'PlatformNotSupportedException'");

    public override ImmutableArray<DiagnosticDescriptor> SupportedDiagnostics =>
        ImmutableArray.Create(rule);

    public override void Initialize(AnalysisContext context) =>
        context.RegisterSyntaxNodeAction(AnalyzeNode, SyntaxKind.ThrowStatement);

    private void AnalyzeNode(SyntaxNodeAnalysisContext context)
    {
        if (!(context.Node.ChildNodes().SingleOrDefault() is ObjectCreationExpressionSyntax node))
            return;

        var type = context.SemanticModel.GetTypeInfo(node).Type;
        if ($"{type.ContainingNamespace}.{type.Name}".Equals(typeName))
            context.ReportDiagnostic(Diagnostic.Create(rule, context.Node.GetLocation()));
    }
}

---

• 构建解决方案

测试一下：

• 创建新项目。
• 转到管理 NuGet 包... -> 设置。
• 添加新的包源。
• 将位置设置为您的 PlatformNotSupportedExceptionAnalyzer \bin\Debug 文件夹。
• 将其命名为 AnalyzerSource 并保存。
• 将包源设置为AnalyzerSource
• 在浏览中选择PlatformNotSupportedExceptionAnalyzer 并安装它。

现在试试：

throw new PlatformNotSupportedException();

得到错误：

Error ThrowsPlatformNotSupportedException 不要抛出“PlatformNotSupportedException”

您可以像这样使用#pragma warning disable 和#pragma warning restore 控制它：

或者像这样使用SuppressMessageAttribute：

您也可以在解决方案资源管理器 -> 项目 -> 参考 -> 分析器 -> 您的分析器中更改其严重性