模拟静态方法和 AEM 模拟答案

【问题标题】：Mocking Static Methods and AEM Mocks模拟静态方法和 AEM 模拟
【发布时间】：2015-06-09 21:27:23
【问题描述】：

在安装到 AEM 5.6.1 实例之前，我正在使用 maven 构建和测试我的代码。我编写了单元测试，这些单元测试受益于使用 an implementation by wcm.io 的 aem 模拟和其他需要使用 powermockito 模拟静态方法的单元测试。

这是我对 aem-context、sling mocks 和 powermock 的 maven 依赖项。

<dependency>
  <groupId>io.wcm</groupId>
  <artifactId>io.wcm.testing.aem-mock</artifactId>
  <version>1.2.0</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.resourceresolver</artifactId>
  <version>1.1.6</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
  <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
  <version>r05</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>junit</groupId>
  <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  <version>4.9</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.commons.testing</artifactId>
  <version>2.0.14</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.commons.mime</artifactId>
  <version>2.1.8</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
  <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
  <version>1.9.5</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
  <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito</artifactId>
  <version>1.5.2</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
  <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>
  <version>1.5.2</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>junit-addons</groupId>
  <artifactId>junit-addons</artifactId>
  <version>1.4</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.testing.resourceresolver-mock</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.2</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.testing.jcr-mock</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.testing.sling-mock</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.testing.osgi-mock</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.testing.sling-mock-jackrabbit</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
  <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
  <version>1.9.5</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.junit.core</artifactId>
  <version>1.0.8</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

在我的课堂上，我正在为 aem 上下文设置规则并准备一些静态类以进行模拟：

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({MyStatic.class})
public abstract class MyTest {

  @Rule
  public final AemContext context = new AemContext();

  @Mock
  protected MyStatic myStatic;
...

当我通过命令行运行 mvn test 时，我收到以下异常：

Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 1.431 sec <<< FAILURE! - in com...MyTest
testTest(com.linkedin.aem.components.foundation.components.ParbaseTest)  Time elapsed: 0.183 sec  <<< ERROR!
java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError: null
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.osgi.MockServiceRegistration.readOsgiMetadata(MockServiceRegistration.java:93)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.osgi.MockServiceRegistration.<init>(MockServiceRegistration.java:55)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.osgi.MockBundleContext.registerService(MockBundleContext.java:80)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.osgi.MockBundleContext.registerService(MockBundleContext.java:74)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.sling.context.SlingContextImpl.registerService(SlingContextImpl.java:309)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.sling.context.SlingContextImpl.registerService(SlingContextImpl.java:294)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.sling.context.SlingContextImpl.registerDefaultServices(SlingContextImpl.java:118)
  at io.wcm.testing.mock.aem.context.AemContextImpl.registerDefaultServices(AemContextImpl.java:53)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.sling.context.SlingContextImpl.setUp(SlingContextImpl.java:102)
  at io.wcm.testing.mock.aem.context.AemContextImpl.setUp(AemContextImpl.java:75)
  at io.wcm.testing.mock.aem.junit.AemContext.access$000(AemContext.java:40)
  at io.wcm.testing.mock.aem.junit.AemContext$1.before(AemContext.java:119)
  at org.junit.rules.ExternalResource$1.evaluate(ExternalResource.java:44)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner.executeTest(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:91)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.runBeforesThenTestThenAfters(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:282)
  at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runTest(MethodRoadie.java:84)
  at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.run(MethodRoadie.java:49)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.invokeTestMethod(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:207)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.runMethods(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:146)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$1.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:120)
  at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runUnprotected(ClassRoadie.java:34)
  at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runProtected(ClassRoadie.java:44)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:118)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.run(JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.java:101)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.run(AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.java:53)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner.run(PowerMockRunner.java:53)
  at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:264)
  at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:153)
  at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:124)
  at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:200)
  at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:153)
  at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:103)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: org.apache.xerces.jaxp.DocumentBuilderFactoryImpl cannot be cast to javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory
  at javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(DocumentBuilderFactory.java:121)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.osgi.OsgiMetadataUtil.<clinit>(OsgiMetadataUtil.java:61)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.osgi.MockServiceRegistration.readOsgiMetadata(MockServiceRegistration.java:93)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.osgi.MockServiceRegistration.<init>(MockServiceRegistration.java:55)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.osgi.MockBundleContext.registerService(MockBundleContext.java:80)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.osgi.MockBundleContext.registerService(MockBundleContext.java:74)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.sling.context.SlingContextImpl.registerService(SlingContextImpl.java:309)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.sling.context.SlingContextImpl.registerService(SlingContextImpl.java:294)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.sling.context.SlingContextImpl.registerDefaultServices(SlingContextImpl.java:118)
  at io.wcm.testing.mock.aem.context.AemContextImpl.registerDefaultServices(AemContextImpl.java:53)
  at org.apache.sling.testing.mock.sling.context.SlingContextImpl.setUp(SlingContextImpl.java:102)
  at io.wcm.testing.mock.aem.context.AemContextImpl.setUp(AemContextImpl.java:75)
  at io.wcm.testing.mock.aem.junit.AemContext.access$000(AemContext.java:40)
  at io.wcm.testing.mock.aem.junit.AemContext$1.before(AemContext.java:119)
  at org.junit.rules.ExternalResource$1.evaluate(ExternalResource.java:44)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner.executeTest(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:91)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.runBeforesThenTestThenAfters(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:282)
  at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runTest(MethodRoadie.java:84)
  at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.run(MethodRoadie.java:49)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.invokeTestMethod(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:207)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.runMethods(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:146)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$1.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:120)
  at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runUnprotected(ClassRoadie.java:34)
  at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runProtected(ClassRoadie.java:44)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:118)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.run(JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.java:101)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.run(AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.java:53)
  at org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner.run(PowerMockRunner.java:53)
  at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:264)
  at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:153)
  at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:124)
  at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:200)
  at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:153)
  at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:103)

如果我没有为测试准备任何静态类（删除 @PrepareForTest 注释），测试运行得很好。一旦我添加注释（即使是空的），我就会遇到问题。我还有以下问题：

我的设置中有什么可以更改以使其正常工作吗？
aem 上下文是否完全适用于静态模拟？（可能与另一个图书馆合作）

【问题讨论】：

标签： java maven unit-testing aem powermockito

【解决方案1】：

已通过将测试依赖项的版本号调整为以下内容解决了该问题：

<dependency>
  <groupId>io.wcm</groupId>
  <artifactId>io.wcm.testing.aem-mock</artifactId>
  <version>1.2.0</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.resourceresolver</artifactId>
  <version>1.1.6</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
  <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
  <version>r05</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>junit</groupId>
  <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  <version>4.9</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.commons.testing</artifactId>
  <version>2.0.14</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.commons.mime</artifactId>
  <version>2.1.8</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
  <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>
  <version>1.6.2</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
  <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito</artifactId>
  <version>1.6.2</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>junit-addons</groupId>
  <artifactId>junit-addons</artifactId>
  <version>1.4</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.testing.resourceresolver-mock</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.2</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.testing.jcr-mock</artifactId>
  <version>1.1.6</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.testing.sling-mock</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.testing.osgi-mock</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.sling</groupId>
  <artifactId>org.apache.sling.testing.sling-mock-jackrabbit</artifactId>
  <version>0.1.2</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
  <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
  <version>1.10.19</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
  <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
  <version>1.10.19</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

【讨论】：