Ansible：如何使用 Jinja 遍历字典列表答案

【问题标题】：Ansible: How to iterate through the list of dictionaries using JinjaAnsible：如何使用 Jinja 遍历字典列表
【发布时间】：2020-07-08 14:44:15
【问题描述】：

我卡住了，希望你能帮助我

我想基于以下带有 vars 的 yml 文件构建文件：

---
users:
   - name: "user1"
     db:
      - name: "main"
        default_privileges:
          tables: ['ALL']
          sequences: ['ALL']
          functions: ['EXECUTE']
          types: ['USAGE']
        schema:
          - name: "public"
            owner: no 
            default_privileges:
              tables: ['ALL']
              sequences: ['ALL']
              functions: ['EXECUTE']
              types: ['USAGE']
          - name: "notpublic"
            owner: no
            default_privileges:
              tables: ['ALL']
              sequences: ['ALL']
              functions: ['EXECUTE']
              types: ['USAGE']
              
   - name: "user2"
     db:
      - name: "main2"
        default_privileges:
          tables: ['ALL']
          sequences: ['ALL']
          functions: ['EXECUTE']
          types: ['USAGE']
        schema:
          - name: "public"
            owner: no 
            default_privileges:
              tables: ['ALL']
              sequences: ['ALL']
              functions: ['EXECUTE']
              types: ['USAGE']
          - name: "nonpublic"
            owner: no
            default_privileges:
              tables: ['ALL']
              sequences: ['ALL']
              functions: ['EXECUTE']
              types: ['USAGE']

如何遍历 Jinja 模板中声明的模式列表？如果我使用以下构造

{% for user in users %}
{% for userdb in user.db %}
{% for s in userdb.schema %}

{{ s.name }}

{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}

在执行过程中出现以下错误： FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "AnsibleUndefinedVariable: 'dict object' has no attribute 'schema'"}

【问题讨论】：

在从模板创建文件之前，在您的剧本中某处调试 users 对象，因为根据下面的@JGK 回答，它显然不包含您认为的内容。

标签： ansible yaml jinja2

【解决方案1】：

下面的剧本f.yml

---
- hosts: localhost
  connection: local
  gather_facts: False
  vars:
    users:
       - name: "user1"
         db:
          - name: "main"
            default_privileges:
              tables: ['ALL']
              sequences: ['ALL']
              functions: ['EXECUTE']
              types: ['USAGE']
            schema:
              - name: "public"
                owner: no
                default_privileges:
                  tables: ['ALL']
                  sequences: ['ALL']
                  functions: ['EXECUTE']
                  types: ['USAGE']
              - name: "notpublic"
                owner: no
                default_privileges:
                  tables: ['ALL']
                  sequences: ['ALL']
                  functions: ['EXECUTE']
                  types: ['USAGE']

       - name: "user2"
         db:
          - name: "main2"
            default_privileges:
              tables: ['ALL']
              sequences: ['ALL']
              functions: ['EXECUTE']
              types: ['USAGE']
            schema:
              - name: "public"
                owner: no
                default_privileges:
                  tables: ['ALL']
                  sequences: ['ALL']
                  functions: ['EXECUTE']
                  types: ['USAGE']
              - name: "nonpublic"
                owner: no
                default_privileges:
                  tables: ['ALL']
                  sequences: ['ALL']
                  functions: ['EXECUTE']
                  types: ['USAGE']


  tasks:
  - name: templating
    template:
      src: "f.jj"
      dest: "f.txt"

使用此模板f.jj

{% for user in users %}
{% for userdb in user.db %}
{% for s in userdb.schema %}

{{  s.name }}

{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}

产生

$ ansible-playbook f.yml

PLAY [localhost] ***************************************************************

TASK [templating] **************************************************************
ok: [localhost]

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0

输出文件f.txt


public


notpublic


public


nonpublic

【讨论】：

感谢您的回复！我不明白当时有什么问题。你的机器上安装了哪些 ansible 和 python 版本？
Debian Buster 10.4 上的 ansible 2.7.7 和 python 3.7.3。检查您的文件，如果其中有一些奇怪的字符。复制并粘贴我的示例并将其与您的文件进行比较。
是的，这就是原因 - 特殊字符。以前，我也被几个 YAML 验证器弄糊涂了——都说没有错误。感谢您的帮助！