Rails - 枚举字段的测试验证

Question

我正在使用 Rails 4 枚举并且我想正确地测试它们，所以我为我的枚举字段设置了这些测试：

it { should validate_inclusion_of(:category).in_array(%w[sale sale_with_tax fees lease tax_free other payroll]) }
it { should validate_inclusion_of(:type).in_array(%w[receivable payable]) }

这是他们正在验证的模型：

class Invoice < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :user

  enum category: [:sale, :sale_with_tax, :fees, :lease, :tax_free, :other, :payroll]
  enum type: [:receivable, :payable]

  validates :user, presence: true
  validates :issue_date, presence: true
  validates :series, presence: true
  validates :folio, presence: true
  validates :issuing_location, presence: true
  validates :payment_method, presence: true
  validates :last_digits, presence: true
  validates :credit_note, presence: true
  validates :total, presence: true
  validates :subtotal, presence: true
  validates :category, presence: true
  validates_inclusion_of :category, in: Invoice.categories.keys
  validates :type, presence: true
  validates_inclusion_of :type, in: Invoice.types.keys
end

但是当我运行测试时，我得到：

1) Invoice should ensure inclusion of type in [0, 1]
     Failure/Error: it { should validate_inclusion_of(:type).in_array([0,1]) }
     ArgumentError:
       '123456789' is not a valid type
     # ./spec/models/invoice_spec.rb:20:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'

  2) Invoice should ensure inclusion of category in [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
     Failure/Error: it { should validate_inclusion_of(:category).in_array([0,1,2,3,4,5,6]) }
     ArgumentError:
       '123456789' is not a valid category
     # ./spec/models/invoice_spec.rb:19:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'

我也尝试过在测试数组中使用字符串值，但我得到了同样的错误，我真的不明白。

Answer 1

使用 shoulda 匹配器以及检查 column_type。

it do
  should define_enum_for(:type).
    with_values(:receivable, :payable).
    backed_by_column_of_type(:integer)
end

it do 
  should define_enum_for(:category).
    with_values(:sale, :sale_with_tax, :fees, :lease, :tax_free, :other, :payroll).
    backed_by_column_of_type(:integer)
end

Answer 2

只需使用shoulda matchers:

it { should define_enum_for(:type).with_values([:receivable, :payable]) }

it { should define_enum_for(:category).with_values(:sale, :sale_with_tax, :fees, :lease, :tax_free, :other, :payroll)}

Answer 3

使用 Shoulda 匹配器，我们可以使用以下内容来测试枚举

it { should define_enum_for(:type).with([:receivable, :payable]) }

it { should define_enum_for(:category).
            with(:sale, :sale_with_tax, :fees, :lease, :tax_free, :other, :payroll) }

Answer 4

你的验证中有这个字符串：

validates_inclusion_of :category, in: Invoice.categories.keys

如果是枚举 Invoice.categories.keys #=> ["sale", "sale_with_tax", "fees", "lease", "tax_free", "other", "payroll"]

您应该使用您的枚举名称之一更新您的对象数据。

Answer 5

您的迁移可能是问题所在，它应该类似于：

t.integer :type, default: 1

您也可以考虑以另一种方式进行测试。

也许更像：

it "validates the category" do
  expect(invoice with category fee).to be_valid
end

Answer 6

试试这个：

it { should validate_inclusion_of(:category).in_array(%w[sale sale_with_tax fees lease tax_free other payroll].map(&:to_sym)) }

此外，对于代码清理，请尝试将有效类别/类型放入相应的常量中。示例：

class Invoice < ActiveRecord::Base
  INVOICE_CATEGORIES = [:sale, :sale_with_tax, :fees, :lease, :tax_free, :other, :payroll]
  enum category: INVOICE_CATEGORIES
end