引起：java.io.IOException: CreateProcess error=2, 系统找不到Spring Batch指定的文件

Question

尝试使用 Spring Batch 的 SystemCommandTasklet 删除 C:\testing 文件夹下的 tmp.txt 文件时出现以下错误。我的操作系统是 windows 10。任何快速指针出了什么问题？

错误：

java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "del" (in directory "C:\testing"): CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:191) ~[na:na]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.step.tasklet.SystemCommandTasklet.execute(SystemCommandTasklet.java:126) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.step.tasklet.TaskletStep$ChunkTransactionCallback.doInTransaction(TaskletStep.java:407) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.step.tasklet.TaskletStep$ChunkTransactionCallback.doInTransaction(TaskletStep.java:331) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate.execute(TransactionTemplate.java:140) ~[spring-tx-5.3.13.jar:5.3.13]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.step.tasklet.TaskletStep$2.doInChunkContext(TaskletStep.java:273) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.scope.context.StepContextRepeatCallback.doInIteration(StepContextRepeatCallback.java:82) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.repeat.support.RepeatTemplate.getNextResult(RepeatTemplate.java:375) ~[spring-batch-infrastructure-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.repeat.support.RepeatTemplate.executeInternal(RepeatTemplate.java:215) ~[spring-batch-infrastructure-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.repeat.support.RepeatTemplate.iterate(RepeatTemplate.java:145) ~[spring-batch-infrastructure-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.step.tasklet.TaskletStep.doExecute(TaskletStep.java:258) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.step.AbstractStep.execute(AbstractStep.java:208) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.job.SimpleStepHandler.handleStep(SimpleStepHandler.java:152) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.job.AbstractJob.handleStep(AbstractJob.java:413) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.job.SimpleJob.doExecute(SimpleJob.java:136) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.job.AbstractJob.execute(AbstractJob.java:320) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher$1.run(SimpleJobLauncher.java:149) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.core.task.SyncTaskExecutor.execute(SyncTaskExecutor.java:50) ~[spring-core-5.3.13.jar:5.3.13]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher.run(SimpleJobLauncher.java:140) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:64) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564) ~[na:na]
    at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:344) ~[spring-aop-5.3.13.jar:5.3.13]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:198) ~[spring-aop-5.3.13.jar:5.3.13]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:163) ~[spring-aop-5.3.13.jar:5.3.13]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.SimpleBatchConfiguration$PassthruAdvice.invoke(SimpleBatchConfiguration.java:128) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186) ~[spring-aop-5.3.13.jar:5.3.13]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:215) ~[spring-aop-5.3.13.jar:5.3.13]
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy50.run(Unknown Source) ~[na:na]
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.JobLauncherApplicationRunner.execute(JobLauncherApplicationRunner.java:199) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.6.1.jar:2.6.1]
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.JobLauncherApplicationRunner.executeLocalJobs(JobLauncherApplicationRunner.java:173) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.6.1.jar:2.6.1]
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.JobLauncherApplicationRunner.launchJobFromProperties(JobLauncherApplicationRunner.java:160) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.6.1.jar:2.6.1]
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.JobLauncherApplicationRunner.run(JobLauncherApplicationRunner.java:155) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.6.1.jar:2.6.1]
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.JobLauncherApplicationRunner.run(JobLauncherApplicationRunner.java:150) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.6.1.jar:2.6.1]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.callRunner(SpringApplication.java:758) ~[spring-boot-2.6.1.jar:2.6.1]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.callRunners(SpringApplication.java:748) ~[spring-boot-2.6.1.jar:2.6.1]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:309) ~[spring-boot-2.6.1.jar:2.6.1]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1301) ~[spring-boot-2.6.1.jar:2.6.1]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1290) ~[spring-boot-2.6.1.jar:2.6.1]
    at com.example.SystemCommandJobApplication.main(SystemCommandJobApplication.java:48) ~[classes/:na]
Caused by: java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "del" (in directory "C:\testing"): CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified
    at java.base/java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:1142) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:1073) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.lang.Runtime.exec(Runtime.java:591) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.lang.Runtime.exec(Runtime.java:415) ~[na:na]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.step.tasklet.SystemCommandTasklet$1.call(SystemCommandTasklet.java:103) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.step.tasklet.SystemCommandTasklet$1.call(SystemCommandTasklet.java:99) ~[spring-batch-core-4.3.4.jar:4.3.4]
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:832) ~[na:na]
Caused by: java.io.IOException: CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified
    at java.base/java.lang.ProcessImpl.create(Native Method) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.lang.ProcessImpl.<init>(ProcessImpl.java:483) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.lang.ProcessImpl.start(ProcessImpl.java:158) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:1109) ~[na:na]
    ... 7 common frames omitted

SystemCommandJobApplication.java

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class SystemCommandJobApplication {
    @Autowired
    private JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory;

    @Autowired
    private StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory;
    @Bean
    public Job job() {
        return this.jobBuilderFactory.get("systemCommandJob")
                .start(systemCommandStep())
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Step systemCommandStep() {
        return this.stepBuilderFactory.get("systemCommandStep")
                .tasklet(systemCommandTasklet())
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    public SystemCommandTasklet systemCommandTasklet() {
        SystemCommandTasklet systemCommandTasklet = new SystemCommandTasklet();
        systemCommandTasklet.setWorkingDirectory("C:/testing");
//      systemCommandTasklet.setCommand("rm -rf tmp.txt"); // Unix
        systemCommandTasklet.setCommand("del tmp.txt"); // Windows
        systemCommandTasklet.setTimeout(5000);
        systemCommandTasklet.setInterruptOnCancel(true);
        return systemCommandTasklet;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SystemCommandJobApplication.class, args);
    }
}

Answer 1

我很确定消息“找不到指定的文件”是指尝试执行该命令时的“del”，而不是“del”命令尝试删除文件的尝试。

我也很确定，尽管名称“SystemCommandTasklet”可能具有误导性，但您不能执行像“del”这样的“内置”命令。

它在路径上寻找一个可执行文件，而“del”不是一个 exe - 它内置在 cmd.exe 中。

解决这个问题的最简单方法可能是创建一个执行删除的批处理文件，然后执行该文件，将要删除的文件的名称传递给它。

如果路径正确，您的命令的（已注释掉的）“Unix”版本可能会起作用，因为“rm”是一个实际的可执行文件。例如，在 Debian 系统中，它位于 /bin/rm