如何在黄瓜中执行并行测试

【问题标题】：how to execute parallel testing in cucumber如何在黄瓜中执行并行测试
【发布时间】：2016-06-23 06:07:56
【问题描述】：

我需要在 Cucumber 中使用并行测试执行两个测试用例。

我现在有两个测试用例。一个将打开 google.com，另一个将打开 youtube.com。我在 pom.xml 中添加了某些依赖项并进行了一些配置。

我还添加了跑步者类。

这是google测试用例、运行器类和特征文件内容：

package com.cucumber.learning;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;

public class GoogleTest {

public static WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

@Given("go to google")
public static void main() {

    driver.get("https://www.google.co.in/?gfe_rd=cr&ei=iHJrV_DiJ8SL8QfEipjgBg");

}

}

谷歌跑步者课程

package com.cucumber.learning;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;
import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(
    features = "src/test/resources/com/cucumber/learning"
    //,glue={"stepDefinition"}
    )

public class GoogleRunnerIT {

}

google 功能文件：[功能文件名：1.google.feature]

@Google
Feature: Google test

 Scenario: navigate to google
 Given go to google

我也为 youtube.com 测试用例制作了与上述代码类似的代码。

pom.xml代码如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.bdd</groupId>
<artifactId>CucumberModule</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.11</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.7</version>
        <type>jar</type>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.7</version>
        <type>jar</type>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>gherkin</artifactId>
        <version>2.12.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
        <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
        <version>2.53.0</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.7</source>
                <target>1.7</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.18.1</version>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId>
                    <artifactId>surefire-junit47</artifactId>
                    <version>2.18.1</version>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>acceptance-test</id>
                    <phase>integration-test</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>test</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <includes>
                            <include>**/*RunnerIT.class</include>
                        </includes>
                        <parallel>all</parallel>
                        <threadCountSuites>2</threadCountSuites>
                        <useUnlimitedThreads>true</useUnlimitedThreads>
                        <testFailureIgnore>true</testFailureIgnore>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>
</project>

当我在 Eclipse 中使用“Run as 'Maven Test'”执行上述项目时，我收到 BUILD SUCCESS 消息，但没有打开浏览器或正在执行测试用例。

非常感谢任何帮助。提前致谢。

控制台错误：

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[WARNING] 
[WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for com.bdd:CucumberModule:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.version' for org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin is missing. @ line 39, column 12
[WARNING] 
[WARNING] It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build.
[WARNING] 
[WARNING] For this reason, future Maven versions might no longer support building such malformed projects.
[WARNING] 
[INFO]                                                                         
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building CucumberModule 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ CucumberModule ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /home/test/workspace/customparalleltesting/src/main/resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ CucumberModule ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ CucumberModule ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 3 resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ CucumberModule ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.18.1:test (default-test) @ CucumberModule ---
[INFO] Surefire report directory: /home/test/workspace/customparalleltesting/target/surefire-reports
[INFO] Using configured provider org.apache.maven.surefire.junitcore.JUnitCoreProvider
[INFO] parallel='none', perCoreThreadCount=true, threadCount=0, useUnlimitedThreads=false, threadCountSuites=0, threadCountClasses=0, threadCountMethods=0, parallelOptimized=true

-------------------------------------------------------
 T E S T S
 -------------------------------------------------------
 Running com.cucumber.learning.YoutubeTest
 Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.003 sec <<< FAILURE! - in com.cucumber.learning.YoutubeTest
initializationError(com.cucumber.learning.YoutubeTest)  Time elapsed: 0.001 sec  <<< ERROR!
cucumber.runtime.CucumberException: 

Classes annotated with @RunWith(Cucumber.class) must not define any
Step Definition or Hook methods. Their sole purpose is to serve as

JUnit 的入口点。应定义步骤定义和挂钩 在他们自己的班级里。这允许它们跨功能重用。 违规类：com.cucumber.learning.YoutubeTest类

   at     cucumber.runtime.junit.Assertions.assertNoCucumberAnnotatedMethods(Assertions.java:13)
at cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber.<init>(Cucumber.java:55)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:29)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:21)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)
at org.junit.runner.Computer.getRunner(Computer.java:40)
at org.junit.runner.Computer$1.runnerForClass(Computer.java:31)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.runners(RunnerBuilder.java:101)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.runners(RunnerBuilder.java:87)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.<init>(Suite.java:80)
at org.junit.runner.Computer.getSuite(Computer.java:28)
at org.junit.runner.Request.classes(Request.java:75)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junitcore.JUnitCoreWrapper.createRequestAndRun(JUnitCoreWrapper.java:97)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junitcore.JUnitCoreWrapper.executeEager(JUnitCoreWrapper.java:78)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junitcore.JUnitCoreWrapper.execute(JUnitCoreWrapper.java:54)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junitcore.JUnitCoreProvider.invoke(JUnitCoreProvider.java:144)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:203)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:155)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:103)

Running com.cucumber.learning.GoogleTest
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0 sec <<< FAILURE! - in com.cucumber.learning.GoogleTest
initializationError(com.cucumber.learning.GoogleTest)  Time elapsed: 0 sec  <<< ERROR!

cucumber.runtime.CucumberException：

Classes annotated with @RunWith(Cucumber.class) must not define any
Step Definition or Hook methods. Their sole purpose is to serve as
     an entry point for JUnit. Step Definitions and Hooks should be defined
in their own classes. This allows them to be reused across features.
Offending class: class com.cucumber.learning.GoogleTest

at cucumber.runtime.junit.Assertions.assertNoCucumberAnnotatedMethods(Assertions.java:13)
at cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber.<init>(Cucumber.java:55)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:29)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:21)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)
at org.junit.runner.Computer.getRunner(Computer.java:40)
at org.junit.runner.Computer$1.runnerForClass(Computer.java:31)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.runners(RunnerBuilder.java:101)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.runners(RunnerBuilder.java:87)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.<init>(Suite.java:80)
at org.junit.runner.Computer.getSuite(Computer.java:28)
at org.junit.runner.Request.classes(Request.java:75)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junitcore.JUnitCoreWrapper.createRequestAndRun(JUnitCoreWrapper.java:97)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junitcore.JUnitCoreWrapper.executeEager(JUnitCoreWrapper.java:78)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junitcore.JUnitCoreWrapper.execute(JUnitCoreWrapper.java:54)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junitcore.JUnitCoreProvider.invoke(JUnitCoreProvider.java:144)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:203)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:155)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:103)


Results :

Tests in error: 
GoogleTest.initializationError » Cucumber 

Classes annotated with @RunWith(Cu...
YoutubeTest.initializationError » Cucumber 

Classes annotated with @RunWith(C...

 Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 2, Skipped: 0

 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [INFO] BUILD FAILURE
 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [INFO] Total time: 2.375 s
 [INFO] Finished at: 2016-06-23T16:21:53+05:30
 [INFO] Final Memory: 10M/218M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.18.1:test (default-test) on project CucumberModule:   There are test failures.
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] Please refer to   /home/test/workspace/customparalleltesting/target/surefire-reports for the individual test results.
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException

【问题讨论】：

标签： java eclipse maven cucumber


【解决方案1】：

您的设置中有很多不正确的地方，您必须从 cucumber runner 类实例化浏览器，以便您的所有步骤定义都可以在该实例中运行，如果您想单独运行它，您必须这样做像这样：

package com.cucumber.learning;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
 import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
 import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;

  public class GoogleTest extends GoogleRunnerIT {


 @Given("go to google")
 public static void main() {

 public static WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

driver.get("https://www.google.co.in/?gfe_rd=cr&ei=iHJrV_DiJ8SL8QfEipjgBg");

}

}

但有效的方法是在 runner 类中创建一个通用方法来实例化和传递应用程序的 url。！

【讨论】：

  • 在 GoogleTest.java 和 YoutubeTest.java [extends YoutubeRunnerIT] 中都做了你提到的，并在方法中实例化了驱动程序。仍然无法执行。我正在添加问题中收到的控制台错误供您查看。
  • 在您的黄瓜跑步者课程中，Glue 被注释为任何原因？？
  • 你可以取消注释并尝试执行吗？
  • 我应该在胶水选项中给出什么？因为我的包结构不同。
  • 在胶水中你必须给出步骤定义路径
【解决方案2】：

尝试将 forkCount 放在 maven-surefire 插件的配置标签中 使用 forkCount=4 如下例所示，它将并行运行 4 个测试类，并以 RunnerIT 结束

   <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.18.1</version>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId>
                <artifactId>surefire-junit47</artifactId>
                <version>2.18.1</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
        <executions>
            <execution>
                <id>acceptance-test</id>
                <phase>integration-test</phase>
                <goals>
                    <goal>test</goal>
                </goals>
                <configuration>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*RunnerIT.class</include>
                    </includes>
                    <forkCount>4</forkCount>
                    <parallel>all</parallel>
                    <threadCountSuites>2</threadCountSuites>
                    <useUnlimitedThreads>true</useUnlimitedThreads>
                    <testFailureIgnore>true</testFailureIgnore>
                </configuration>
            </execution>
        </executions>
    </plugin>

参考来自：-
https://opencredo.com/running-cucumber-jvm-tests-in-parallel/

【讨论】：

  • 我添加了 forkCount=2，因为我有 2 个 RunnerIT.class，但没有工作[测试已执行，但执行不是并行的。测试一个接一个地执行]。
【解决方案3】：

能否更改步骤定义类中要执行的方法的签名和注解
@Given("^go to google$") public void goToGoogle() { driver.get("https://www.google.co.in/gfe_rd=cr&ei=iHJrV_DiJ8SL8QfEipjgBg"); }


我对 main 方法中定义的步骤定义有疑问。

【讨论】：

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