Appium + Selenium：配置失败：@BeforeTest 设置 java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError：org/openqa/selenium/remote/codec/w3c/W3CHttpCommandCodec答案

【问题标题】：Appium + Selenium : FAILED CONFIGURATION: @BeforeTest setUp java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/remote/codec/w3c/W3CHttpCommandCodecAppium + Selenium：配置失败：@BeforeTest 设置 java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError：org/openqa/selenium/remote/codec/w3c/W3CHttpCommandCodec
【发布时间】：2019-07-09 11:47:19
【问题描述】：

我正在使用 appium studio 从那里获得代码，并在 Eclipse 中从中复制。我添加了所有 maven 依赖项，即使它抛出 FAILED 配置错误。 有人帮助我吗有了这个？注意：我在这里使用 Real device ios，我的平台是 mac 。 java版本“11.0.2”

package iostestdemo;

import io.appium.java_client.remote.IOSMobileCapabilityType;
import io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver;
import io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSElement;
import io.appium.java_client.remote.MobileCapabilityType;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.testng.annotations.*;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.util.logging.Level;

public class secondTest {
    private String reportDirectory = "reports";
    private String reportFormat = "xml";
    private String testName = "Untitled";
    protected IOSDriver<IOSElement> driver = null;

    DesiredCapabilities dc = new DesiredCapabilities();

    @BeforeMethod
    public void setUp() throws MalformedURLException {
        dc.setCapability("reportDirectory", reportDirectory);
        dc.setCapability("reportFormat", reportFormat);
        dc.setCapability("testName", testName);
        dc.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.UDID, "afb65172e9b47b01482d912dede58515819748a3");
        dc.setCapability(IOSMobileCapabilityType.BUNDLE_ID, "com.novo.ios.dev");
        driver = new IOSDriver<IOSElement>(new URL("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub"), dc);
        driver.setLogLevel(Level.INFO);
    }

    @Test
    public void testUntitled() {

        driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@placeholder='Email']")).click();
        driver.findElement(By.xpath(
                "(//*[@text='Novo - Dev']/*/*[@class='UIAView' and ./*[@class='UIAView' and ./*[@class='UIAView']] and ./parent::*[@class='UIAWindow']])[2]"))
                .click();
        driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@placeholder='Email']")).click();
        driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@placeholder='Email']")).sendKeys("ababddvdvd");
        driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@placeholder='Password']")).sendKeys("vvv");
        driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@text='LOG IN']")).click();
        driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@text='OK']")).click();
    }
}

我面临的错误：

FAILED CONFIGURATION: @BeforeMethod setUp
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/remote/codec/w3c/W3CHttpCommandCodec
    at io.appium.java_client.remote.AppiumCommandExecutor.execute(AppiumCommandExecutor.java:262)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:548)
    at io.appium.java_client.DefaultGenericMobileDriver.execute(DefaultGenericMobileDriver.java:41)
    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.execute(AppiumDriver.java:1)
    at io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver.execute(IOSDriver.java:1)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:212)
    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.startSession(AppiumDriver.java:323)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:130)
    at io.appium.java_client.DefaultGenericMobileDriver.<init>(DefaultGenericMobileDriver.java:37)
    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.<init>(AppiumDriver.java:86)
    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.<init>(AppiumDriver.java:96)
    at io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver.<init>(IOSDriver.java:92)
    at iostestdemo.secondTest.setUp(secondTest.java:29)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:124)
    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethodConsideringTimeout(MethodInvocationHelper.java:59)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurationMethod(Invoker.java:458)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:222)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:523)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:719)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:989)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:109)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:648)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:505)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:455)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:450)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:415)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:364)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:84)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1208)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1137)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1049)
    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1017)
    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:115)
    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:251)
    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:77)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.openqa.selenium.remote.codec.w3c.W3CHttpCommandCodec
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:583)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
    ... 41 more

SKIPPED: testUntitled
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/remote/codec/w3c/W3CHttpCommandCodec
    at io.appium.java_client.remote.AppiumCommandExecutor.execute(AppiumCommandExecutor.java:262)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:548)
    at io.appium.java_client.DefaultGenericMobileDriver.execute(DefaultGenericMobileDriver.java:41)
    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.execute(AppiumDriver.java:1)
    at io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver.execute(IOSDriver.java:1)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:212)
    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.startSession(AppiumDriver.java:323)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:130)
    at io.appium.java_client.DefaultGenericMobileDriver.<init>(DefaultGenericMobileDriver.java:37)
    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.<init>(AppiumDriver.java:86)
    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.<init>(AppiumDriver.java:96)
    at io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver.<init>(IOSDriver.java:92)
    at iostestdemo.secondTest.setUp(secondTest.java:29)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:124)
    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethodConsideringTimeout(MethodInvocationHelper.java:59)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurationMethod(Invoker.java:458)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:222)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:523)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:719)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:989)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:109)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:648)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:505)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:455)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:450)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:415)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:364)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:84)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1208)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1137)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1049)
    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1017)
    at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:115)
    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:251)
    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:77)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.openqa.selenium.remote.codec.w3c.W3CHttpCommandCodec
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:583)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
    ... 41 more


===============================================
    Default test
    Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 1
    Configuration Failures: 1, Skips: 0
===============================================


===============================================
Default suite
Total tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Skips: 1
Configuration Failures: 1, Skips: 0
===============================================

Maven 依赖：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.iostestdemo</groupId>
    <artifactId>iostestdemo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.appium/java-client -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.appium</groupId>
            <artifactId>java-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.1.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-java -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>3.141.59</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.testng/testng -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>6.14.3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-remote-driver</artifactId>
            <version>3.14.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-server -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-server</artifactId>
            <version>3.141.59</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

【问题讨论】：

在 Eclipse 中检查你的类路径。您的类路径中似乎缺少 selenium 服务器 jar
我已将 jar 放入 maven repo 中。 selenium-server -> 版本- 3.141.59 。请检查最后一个依赖项
我的意思是构建路径。（右键单击源文件夹并单击配置构建路径）确保此 jar 在库 org/openqa/selenium/remote/codec/w3c/W3CHttpCommandCodec 上可用
它就在那里。请查看截图：prntscr.com/ocml25

标签： java selenium appium

【解决方案1】：

您正在遭受JAR Hell 的一种形式的困扰

查看dependencies for Appium Java Client 7.1.0，它已经依赖于Selenium 4.0.0-alpha-1

由于您在 pom.xml 文件中声明的依赖项与 Appium Java 客户端的 transitive dependencies 之间的冲突，您会遇到错误

你基本上只需要 Appium Java Client 就可以运行基于 Appium 的测试，不需要添加 Selenium 库，相关版本会自动解析：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.appium</groupId>
        <artifactId>java-client</artifactId>
        <version>7.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
        <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
        <version>6.14.3</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

更多信息，包括示例项目：Appium with Java

【讨论】：

如果我只保留 Java Client 依赖，那么 import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities 将无法解析。
我们仍然需要 Selenium 依赖才能使用 DesiredCapabilities。将 java-client 版本更改为 7.0.0 将解决问题

【解决方案2】：

我也遇到了这个问题，我很难解决。我认为 appium (7.1.0) 和 selenium (3.141.59) 的版本相互不支持。我改变了它的版本，如下所示，它为我解决了：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
    <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
    <version>2.53.1</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.appium</groupId>
    <artifactId>java-client</artifactId>
    <version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>

【讨论】：