在 Jenkins 中构建 TestG maven 项目时遇到问题答案

【问题标题】：Having issue building TestG maven project in Jenkins在 Jenkins 中构建 TestG maven 项目时遇到问题
【发布时间】：2015-12-11 05:47:59
【问题描述】：

我在通过 Jenkins 构建基于 TestNG 的 Maven 项目时遇到问题。问题是，如果我要运行的测试数量较少（最多 30 个），一切都运行良好，但只要我增加数量，构建就会始终失败。我看到的问题是，在所有浏览器实例都打开之前测试不会开始（例如，浏览器首先打开 30 个窗口，然后开始执行 30 个测试套件）并且当测试完成时（不是整个测试套件），浏览器窗口不会关闭（即使在添加 driver.quit() 方法之后），它会保持打开状态，直到 TestSuite 运行完成。

下面是我的代码的 sn-p。

Java 主类：

public class AccountManagement {
    public WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
    public WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);
    public void login(String uid, String pass) throws Throwable {
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.get(URL);
        driver.findElement(By.id("Email")).sendKeys(uid);
        driver.findElement(By.id("Password")).sendKeys(pass);
        driver.findElement(By.id("btnLogin")).click();

        <!-- REST OF THE CODE-->
    }
}

示例测试类：

public class TC_AC408 extends AccountManagement {

    @Test(retryAnalyzer=Retry.class)
    public void accountActionLinks() {
        login("auto.admin@test.com", "test@123");
        <!-- REST OF THE CODE-->
    }

    @AfterTest
    public void end() {
        driver.quit();
    }
}

这是我的 testng.xml：

<suite name="Smoke Test" preserve-order="true" thread-count="1" verbose="1" parallel="false">
    <test name="Accounts">
        <classes>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC408"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC409"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC410"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC411"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC412"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC413"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC414"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC416"></class>
        </classes>
    </test>
    <test name="Organization">
        <classes>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC470"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC474"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC475"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC477"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC478"></class>
        </classes>
    </test>
    <test name="Project Management">
        <classes>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC186"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC191"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC193"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC194"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC195"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC196"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC200"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC785"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC786"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC788"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC790"></class>
        </classes>
    </test>
    <test name="Registration">
        <classes>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC381"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC385"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC387"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC398"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC386"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC388"></class>
        </classes>
    </test>
    <test name="Product">
        <classes>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC482"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC483"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC486"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC487"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC489"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC491"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC492"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC1777"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC1823"></class>
            <class name="SmokeTests.TC_AC1949"></class>
        </classes>
    </test>

    <listeners>
        <listener class-name="org.uncommons.reportng.HTMLReporter"/>
        <listener class-name="org.uncommons.reportng.JUnitXMLReporter"/>
        <listener class-name="SmokeTests.RetryListener"/>
    </listeners>
</suite>

这是我的 pom.xml 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--suppress ALL -->
<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 h
ttp://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>project_selenium_mvn</groupId>
    <artifactId>project_selenium_mvn</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <properties>
        <suiteXmlFile>testng.xml</suiteXmlFile>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>6.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Adding Selenium dependency -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.48.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.relevantcodes</groupId>
            <artifactId>extentreports</artifactId>
            <version>2.40</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.uncommons</groupId>
            <artifactId>reportng</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.4</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <compilerVersion>1.8</compilerVersion>
                    <source>1.6</source>
                    <target>1.6</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.17</version>
                <configuration>
                    <suiteXmlFiles>
                        <suiteXmlFile>testng.xml</suiteXmlFile>
                    </suiteXmlFiles>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

下面是我得到的错误：

[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.19:test (default-test) on project acutiy_selenium_mvn: Execution default-test of goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.19:test failed: There was an error in the forked process
[ERROR] org.testng.TestNGException:
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] Cannot instantiate class SmokeTests.TC_AC193
[ERROR] at org.testng.internal.ObjectFactoryImpl.newInstance(ObjectFactoryImpl.java:37)
[ERROR] at org.testng.internal.ClassHelper.createInstance1(ClassHelper.java:372)
[ERROR] at org.testng.internal.ClassHelper.createInstance(ClassHelper.java:284)
[ERROR] at org.testng.internal.ClassImpl.getDefaultInstance(ClassImpl.java:109)
[ERROR] at org.testng.internal.ClassImpl.getInstances(ClassImpl.java:181)
[ERROR] at org.testng.internal.TestNGClassFinder.<init>(TestNGClassFinder.java:120)
[JENKINS] Archiving C:\AutomatedTest\project_selenium_mvn\pom.xml to project_selenium_mvn/project_selenium_mvn/1.0-SNAPSHOT/project_selenium_mvn-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[ERROR] at org.testng.TestRunner.initMethods(TestRunner.java:402)
[ERROR] at org.testng.TestRunner.init(TestRunner.java:228)
[ERROR] at org.testng.TestRunner.init(TestRunner.java:198)
[ERROR] at org.testng.TestRunner.<init>(TestRunner.java:147)
[ERROR] at org.testng.SuiteRunner$DefaultTestRunnerFactory.newTestRunner(SuiteRunner.java:525)
[ERROR] at org.testng.SuiteRunner.init(SuiteRunner.java:156)
[ERROR] at org.testng.SuiteRunner.<init>(SuiteRunner.java:110)
[ERROR] at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunner(TestNG.java:1235)
[ERROR] at org.testng.TestNG.createSuiteRunners(TestNG.java:1222)
[ERROR] at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1074)
[ERROR] at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:999)
[ERROR] at org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGExecutor.run(TestNGExecutor.java:282)
[ERROR] at org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGXmlTestSuite.execute(TestNGXmlTestSuite.java:83)
[ERROR] at org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.TestNGProvider.invoke(TestNGProvider.java:114)
[ERROR] at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:286)
[ERROR] at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:240)
[ERROR] at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:121)
[ERROR] Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
[ERROR] at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
[ERROR] at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
[ERROR] at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
[ERROR] at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
[ERROR] at org.testng.internal.ObjectFactoryImpl.newInstance(ObjectFactoryImpl.java:28)
[ERROR] ... 22 more
[ERROR] Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Failed to connect to binary FirefoxBinary(C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe) on port 7079; process output follows:
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] Build info: version: '2.48.2', revision: '41bccdd10cf2c0560f637404c2d96164b67d9d67', time: '2015-10-09 13:08:06'
[ERROR] System info: host: 'WIN-O8VQ2P3P2GD', ip: '172.31.62.242', os.name: 'Windows Server 2008 R2', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.7.0_79'
[ERROR] Driver info: driver.version: FirefoxDriver
[ERROR] at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:135)
[ERROR] at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:271)
[ERROR] at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:117)
[ERROR] at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:216)
[ERROR] at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:211)
[ERROR] at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:207)
[ERROR] at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:120)
[ERROR] at Automation.ProjectManagementPage.<init>(ProjectManagementPage.java:17)
[ERROR] at SmokeTests.TC_AC193.<init>(TC_AC193.java:15)
[ERROR] ... 27 more
[ERROR] Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7079 after 45000 ms. Firefox console output:
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:123)
[ERROR] ... 35 more
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/PluginExecutionException

【问题讨论】：

您是否对配置进行了任何更改？您可以尝试从 Maven 更新项目或将项目转换为 Maven。转换为 Maven 对我的测试项目有用。右键单击项目->配置->将其转换为Maven
@Abhinav ：是的，我确实更新了项目，这没有问题，甚至从头开始创建新项目只是为了确保没有不需要的代码/文件或依赖项造成问题。我看到的问题是当我增加要运行的测试数量时。
错误是由 Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Failed to connect to binary FirefoxBinary(C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe) on port 7079 ;过程输出如下：请问您在哪里打开浏览器？
@Abhinav ：我无法跟踪相同的问题，但在我尝试过的所有机器上都可以重现该问题。
尝试检查 webdriver 实例是否正确退出或正确初始化的测试用例。尝试使用不同的 selenium 版本。

标签： maven selenium jenkins selenium-webdriver testng

【解决方案1】：

您正在为测试中的每个类创建驱动程序实例，并且每次测试只退出一次驱动程序。而不是直接在类中实例化 WebDriver，而是在 @BeforeTest 中进行。它将确保每次测试只创建一个驱动程序。

你的班级在更新后应该如下所示。

public class AccountManagement {
public WebDriver driver;
public WebDriverWait wait;
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest(){
    driver = new FirefoxDriver();
    wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);
}
public void login(String uid, String pass) throws Throwable {
    driver.manage().window().maximize();
    driver.get(URL);
    driver.findElement(By.id("Email")).sendKeys(uid);
    driver.findElement(By.id("Password")).sendKeys(pass);
    driver.findElement(By.id("btnLogin")).click();

    <!-- REST OF THE CODE-->
 }
}

【讨论】：

是的，兄弟，这是我最近修复的问题的一部分，另一部分是它没有在测试完成后立即关闭浏览器实例。我通过在 main 方法的末尾添加 driver.close() 来修复它。