对于您的特定问题,我会这样做。
既然你说你有一张图片充当背景,所以我会像下面的 BackgroundPanel 那样覆盖paintComponent()。
这样,您就有了一个仅用作背景的面板。您可以向它添加任何类型的组件,在您的情况下是带有 ImageIcon 的 JLabel。
这样你就有了一个超越另一个的效果,你仍然可以使用布局管理器来控制你的组件在哪里。
如果您的问题更复杂,或者您希望通常将组件设置在另一个之上,那么按照这里所说的执行 ---> 使用 JLayeredPane。请注意,如果您遗憾地使用 JLayeredPane,布局管理器不会帮助您,因为它不尊重它们。当您使用 null 管理器时,您将不得不进行类似的处理,即 setBounds() 用于组件。
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
public class PaintInScroll
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable()
{
@Override
public void run()
{
try
{
Image backgroundImage = new ImageIcon(new URL(
"http://www.jvsearch.com/adidocs7_images/JAVAORANGE.JPG")).getImage();
BackgroundPanel bP = new BackgroundPanel(backgroundImage);
bP.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
bP.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(500, 500));
JLabel label = new JLabel(new ImageIcon(new URL(
"https://blogs.oracle.com/theplanetarium/resource/thumb-java-duke-guitar.png")));
bP.add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER);
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(bP);
scrollPane.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(300, 400));
JPanel contentPane = new JPanel();
contentPane.add(scrollPane);
JFrame f = new JFrame();
f.setContentPane(contentPane);
f.setSize(800, 600);
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
f.setVisible(true);
}catch(MalformedURLException ex)
{
Logger.getLogger(PaintInScroll.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}
}
});
}
}
class BackgroundPanel extends JPanel
{
private Image image;
public BackgroundPanel(Image image)
{
this.image = image;
}
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g)
{
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
g2.drawImage(image, 0, 0, this.getWidth(), this.getHeight(), null);
}
}
注意:图像是 URL,因此运行示例需要 i-net 连接。
EDIT1:示例展示了如何将 JLayeredPane 与每一层的布局管理器一起使用。
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.event.ComponentAdapter;
import java.awt.event.ComponentEvent;
import java.awt.event.ComponentListener;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JLayeredPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
public class PaintInScrollRespectingLayoutManagers extends JPanel
{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private JLayeredPane layeredPane;
private JLabel imageContainer = new JLabel();
private JButton infoB = new JButton("i");
private JScrollPane scrollPane;
public PaintInScrollRespectingLayoutManagers(ImageIcon image)
{
super();
this.imageContainer.setIcon(image);
scrollPane = new JScrollPane(imageContainer);
scrollPane.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED);
scrollPane.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED);
scrollPane.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 90));
JPanel iSPP = new JPanel();//image scroll pane panel
iSPP.setOpaque(false);
iSPP.add(scrollPane);
JPanel iBP = new JPanel();//info button panel
iBP.setOpaque(false);
iBP.add(infoB);
this.layeredPane = new JLayeredPane();
layeredPane.add(iSPP, new Integer(50));
layeredPane.add(iBP, new Integer(100));
this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
this.add(layeredPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
this.add(new JButton("A button"), BorderLayout.SOUTH);
layeredPane.addComponentListener(layeredPaneCL);
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(300, 300));
}
private ComponentListener layeredPaneCL = new ComponentAdapter()
{
@Override
public void componentResized(ComponentEvent e)
{
super.componentResized(e);
System.out.println("componentResized");
for(Component c : layeredPane.getComponents())
c.setSize(layeredPane.getSize());
}
};
public static void main(String[] args)
{
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable()
{
@Override
public void run()
{
try
{
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(new PaintInScrollRespectingLayoutManagers(new ImageIcon(new URL(
"http://www.prodeveloper.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/stackoverflow-logo-250.png"))));
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}catch(MalformedURLException ex)
{
Logger.getLogger(PaintInScrollRespectingLayoutManagers.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}
}
});
}
}
注意 2: 滚动窗格具有 setPreferedSize 的唯一原因是您可以看到滚动条。否则不要使用它,让布局负责控制滚动窗格。