ld.so 中的分段错误，与我的 glibc 构建有关

【问题标题】：Segmentation fault in ld.so, with my build of glibcld.so 中的分段错误，与我的 glibc 构建有关
【发布时间】：2017-08-19 07:42:21
【问题描述】：

我有一个本地构建的 glibc。

当我用它从命令行运行python时，它是成功的：

LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64:/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64:$HOME/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:$HOME/my_libc_env/usr/lib64/:$HOME/my_libc_env/usr/lib/"  $HOME/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.17.so $HOME/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7

当我将它包装在 bash 脚本中并从命令行调用它时，它也成功了。 （我也用 bash 脚本替换了 python 符号链接）

#!/bin/bash
LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64:/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64:$HOME/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:$HOME/my_libc_env/usr/lib64/:$HOME/my_libc_env/usr/lib/"  $HOME/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.17.so $HOME/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7 "${@}"

但是，当我的 IDE 调试器调用 bash 脚本时，我得到了分段错误。 使用LD_DEBUG=files,libs 运行它会产生以下输出。

知道如何解决这个问题吗？

      5705: 
      5705: file=libtinfo.so.5 [0];  needed by /bin/bash [0]
      5705: find library=libtinfo.so.5 [0]; searching
      5705:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      5705:   trying file=/lib64/libtinfo.so.5
      5705: 
      5705: file=libtinfo.so.5 [0];  generating link map
      5705:   dynamic: 0x000000308fc1f1e0  base: 0x0000000000000000   size: 0x0000000000220260
      5705:     entry: 0x000000308fa0c840  phdr: 0x000000308fa00040  phnum:                  6
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: file=libdl.so.2 [0];  needed by /bin/bash [0]
      5705: find library=libdl.so.2 [0]; searching
      5705:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      5705:   trying file=/lib64/libdl.so.2
      5705: 
      5705: file=libdl.so.2 [0];  generating link map
      5705:   dynamic: 0x0000003f8d802da0  base: 0x0000000000000000   size: 0x0000000000203100
      5705:     entry: 0x0000003f8d600de0  phdr: 0x0000003f8d600040  phnum:                  9
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: file=libc.so.6 [0];  needed by /bin/bash [0]
      5705: find library=libc.so.6 [0]; searching
      5705:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      5705:   trying file=/lib64/libc.so.6
      5705: 
      5705: file=libc.so.6 [0];  generating link map
      5705:   dynamic: 0x0000003f8dd8db40  base: 0x0000000000000000   size: 0x0000000000393928
      5705:     entry: 0x0000003f8da1ee30  phdr: 0x0000003f8da00040  phnum:                 10
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: prelink checking: ok
      5705: 
      5705: calling init: /lib64/libc.so.6
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: calling init: /lib64/libdl.so.2
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: calling init: /lib64/libtinfo.so.5
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: initialize program: /bin/bash
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: transferring control: /bin/bash
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: file=libnss_files.so.2 [0];  needed by /bin/bash [0]
      5705: find library=libnss_files.so.2 [0]; searching
      5705:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      5705:   trying file=/lib64/libnss_files.so.2
      5705: 
      5705: file=libnss_files.so.2 [0];  generating link map
      5705:   dynamic: 0x00007f5963ec5df8  base: 0x00007f5963cb9000   size: 0x000000000020d590
      5705:     entry: 0x00007f5963cbb1f0  phdr: 0x00007f5963cb9040  phnum:                  9
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: calling init: /lib64/libnss_files.so.2
      5705: 
      5705: opening file=/lib64/libnss_files.so.2 [0]; direct_opencount=1
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: file=libnss_nis.so.2 [0];  needed by /bin/bash [0]
      5705: find library=libnss_nis.so.2 [0]; searching
      5705:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      5705:   trying file=/lib64/libnss_nis.so.2
      5705: 
      5705: file=libnss_nis.so.2 [0];  generating link map
      5705:   dynamic: 0x00007f5963cb7de0  base: 0x00007f5963aae000   size: 0x000000000020a4b8
      5705:     entry: 0x00007f5963ab0020  phdr: 0x00007f5963aae040  phnum:                  9
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: file=libnsl.so.1 [0];  needed by /lib64/libnss_nis.so.2 [0]
      5705: find library=libnsl.so.1 [0]; searching
      5705:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      5705:   trying file=/lib64/libnsl.so.1
      5705: 
      5705: file=libnsl.so.1 [0];  generating link map
      5705:   dynamic: 0x0000003f9e015da8  base: 0x0000000000000000   size: 0x0000000000218ab0
      5705:     entry: 0x0000003f9de04070  phdr: 0x0000003f9de00040  phnum:                  9
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: calling init: /lib64/libnsl.so.1
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: calling init: /lib64/libnss_nis.so.2
      5705: 
      5705: opening file=/lib64/libnss_nis.so.2 [0]; direct_opencount=1
      5705: 
      5706: file=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7 [0];  generating link map
      5706:   dynamic: 0x00000000006009c0  base: 0x0000000000000000   size: 0x0000000000200bf8
      5706:     entry: 0x0000000000400700  phdr: 0x0000000000400040  phnum:                  8
      5706: 
      5706: 
      5706: file=libpython2.7.so.1.0 [0];  needed by /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7 [0]
      5706: find library=libpython2.7.so.1.0 [0]; searching
      5706:  search path=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib/tls/x86_64:/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib/tls:/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib/x86_64:/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib      (RPATH from file /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7)
      5706:   trying file=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib/tls/x86_64/libpython2.7.so.1.0
      5706:   trying file=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib/tls/libpython2.7.so.1.0
      5706:   trying file=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib/x86_64/libpython2.7.so.1.0
      5706:   trying file=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0
      5706: 
      5706: file=libpython2.7.so.1.0 [0];  generating link map
      5706:   dynamic: 0x00007fa7bcfd2c68  base: 0x00007fa7bcc37000   size: 0x00000000003fb4e0
      5706:     entry: 0x00007fa7bcc78250  phdr: 0x00007fa7bcc37040  phnum:                  5
      5706: 
      5706: 
      5706: file=libpthread.so.0 [0];  needed by /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7 [0]
      5706: find library=libpthread.so.0 [0]; searching
      5706:  search path=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib       (RPATH from file /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7)
      5706:   trying file=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib/libpthread.so.0
      5706:  search path=tls/x86_64:tls:x86_64::/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64/tls/x86_64:/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64/tls:/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64/x86_64:/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64:/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64/tls/x86_64:/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64/tls:/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64/x86_64:/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64:/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64:/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls:/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64:/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/my_libc_env/usr/lib64/tls/x86_64:/my_libc_env/usr/lib64/tls:/my_libc_env/usr/lib64/x86_64:/my_libc_env/usr/lib64:/my_libc_env/usr/lib/tls/x86_64:/my_libc_env/usr/lib/tls:/my_libc_env/usr/lib/x86_64:/my_libc_env/usr/lib       (LD_LIBRARY_PATH)
      5706:   trying file=tls/x86_64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=tls/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=x86_64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64/tls/x86_64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64/tls/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64/x86_64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64/tls/x86_64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64/tls/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64/x86_64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/usr/lib64/tls/x86_64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/usr/lib64/tls/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/usr/lib64/x86_64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/usr/lib64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/usr/lib/tls/x86_64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/usr/lib/tls/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/usr/lib/x86_64/libpthread.so.0
      5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/usr/lib/libpthread.so.0
      5706:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      5706:   trying file=/lib64/libpthread.so.0
      5706: 
      5706: file=libpthread.so.0 [0];  generating link map
      5706:   dynamic: 0x0000003f8e017d90  base: 0x0000000000000000   size: 0x000000000021c3f0
      5706:     entry: 0x0000003f8de05e30  phdr: 0x0000003f8de00040  phnum:                  9
      5706: 
      5706: 
      5706: file=libdl.so.2 [0];  needed by /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7 [0]
      5706: find library=libdl.so.2 [0]; searching
      5706:  search path=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib       (RPATH from file /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7)
      5706:   trying file=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib/libdl.so.2
      5706:  search path=tls/x86_64:tls:x86_64::/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64:/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64      (LD_LIBRARY_PATH)
      5706:   trying file=tls/x86_64/libdl.so.2
      5706:   trying file=tls/libdl.so.2
      5706:   trying file=x86_64/libdl.so.2
      5706:   trying file=libdl.so.2
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64/libdl.so.2
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64/libdl.so.2
      5706:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      5706:   trying file=/lib64/libdl.so.2
      5706: 
      5706: file=libdl.so.2 [0];  generating link map
      5706:   dynamic: 0x0000003f8d802da0  base: 0x0000000000000000   size: 0x0000000000203100
      5706:     entry: 0x0000003f8d600de0  phdr: 0x0000003f8d600040  phnum:                  9
      5706: 
      5706: 
      5706: file=libutil.so.1 [0];  needed by /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7 [0]
      5706: find library=libutil.so.1 [0]; searching
      5706:  search path=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib       (RPATH from file /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7)
      5706:   trying file=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib/libutil.so.1
      5706:  search path=tls/x86_64:tls:x86_64::/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64:/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64      (LD_LIBRARY_PATH)
      5706:   trying file=tls/x86_64/libutil.so.1
      5706:   trying file=tls/libutil.so.1
      5706:   trying file=x86_64/libutil.so.1
      5706:   trying file=libutil.so.1
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64/libutil.so.1
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64/libutil.so.1
      5706:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      5706:   trying file=/lib64/libutil.so.1
      5706: 
      5706: file=libutil.so.1 [0];  generating link map
      5706:   dynamic: 0x0000003f9fe01e10  base: 0x0000000000000000   size: 0x0000000000202100
      5706:     entry: 0x0000003f9fc00e10  phdr: 0x0000003f9fc00040  phnum:                  9
      5706: 
      5706: 
      5706: file=libm.so.6 [0];  needed by /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7 [0]
      5706: find library=libm.so.6 [0]; searching
      5706:  search path=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib       (RPATH from file /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7)
      5706:   trying file=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib/libm.so.6
      5706:  search path=tls/x86_64:tls:x86_64::/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64:/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64      (LD_LIBRARY_PATH)
      5706:   trying file=tls/x86_64/libm.so.6
      5706:   trying file=tls/libm.so.6
      5706:   trying file=x86_64/libm.so.6
      5706:   trying file=libm.so.6
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64/libm.so.6
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64/libm.so.6
      5706:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      5706:   trying file=/lib64/libm.so.6
      5706: 
      5706: file=libm.so.6 [0];  generating link map
      5706:   dynamic: 0x0000003f8e882df8  base: 0x0000000000000000   size: 0x00000000002830b8
      5706:     entry: 0x0000003f8e603e70  phdr: 0x0000003f8e600040  phnum:                  9
      5706: 
      5706: 
      5706: file=libc.so.6 [0];  needed by /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7 [0]
      5706: find library=libc.so.6 [0]; searching
      5706:  search path=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib       (RPATH from file /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7)
      5706:   trying file=/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/../lib/libc.so.6
      5706:  search path=tls/x86_64:tls:x86_64::/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64:/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64      (LD_LIBRARY_PATH)
      5706:   trying file=tls/x86_64/libc.so.6
      5706:   trying file=tls/libc.so.6
      5706:   trying file=x86_64/libc.so.6
      5706:   trying file=libc.so.6
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64/libc.so.6
      5706:   trying file=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64/libc.so.6
      5706:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      5706:   trying file=/lib64/libc.so.6
      5706: 
      5706: file=libc.so.6 [0];  generating link map
      5706:   dynamic: 0x0000003f8dd8db40  base: 0x0000000000000000   size: 0x0000000000393928
      5706:     entry: 0x0000003f8da1ee30  phdr: 0x0000003f8da00040  phnum:                 10
      5706: 
      5706: 
      5706: calling init: /lib64/libpthread.so.0
      5706: 
      5706: 
      5706: calling init: /home/user/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.17.so
      5706: 
      5706: 
      5706: calling init: /lib64/libc.so.6
      5706: 
/home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python: line 12:  5706 Segmentation fault      (core dumped) LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/cuda-7.5/lib64:/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64/cuda/lib64:$HOME/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:$HOME/my_libc_env/usr/lib64/:$HOME/my_libc_env/usr/lib/" /home/user/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.17.so /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7 "${@}"
      5705: 
      5705: calling fini: /bin/bash [0]
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: calling fini: /lib64/libtinfo.so.5 [0]
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: calling fini: /lib64/libdl.so.2 [0]
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: calling fini: /lib64/libnss_nis.so.2 [0]
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: calling fini: /lib64/libnss_files.so.2 [0]
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: calling fini: /lib64/libnsl.so.1 [0]
      5705: 
      5705: 
      5705: calling fini: /lib64/libc.so.6 [0]
      5705: 

Process finished with exit code 139 (interrupted by signal 11: SIGSEGV)

【问题讨论】：

    标签： linux bash shared-libraries glibc


    【解决方案1】：

    您的 shell 脚本包含：

    LD_LIBRARY_PATH="...:$HOME/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:..."

    和

    $HOME/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7

    您的跟踪包含：

    file=libpython2.7.so.1.0 [0];  needed by /home/user/anaconda2/envs/tf_011g/bin/python2.7

    和

     trying file=/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64/libpthread.so.0
  5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/libpthread.so.0
  5706:   trying file=/my_libc_env/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64/libpthread.so.0

    似乎$HOME 的一个扩展产生了/home/user，而同一shell 脚本中$HOME 的另一个扩展产生了空字符串。

    这似乎不太可能发生，所以我怀疑你实际上已经编辑了一个或另一个，并没有告诉我们全部真相，而且只是真相。

    无论如何，在 IDE 中运行时，似乎可以不设置 $HOME，这肯定可以解释观察到的搜索路径和崩溃（二进制文件最终加载了 /lib64/libpthread.so.0，这是不兼容的使用 ld-linux 运行它）。

    【讨论】：

    • 伟大的收获！默认情况下，IDE 中未设置 $HOME。事实上，我手动编辑了文件以删除个人信息。
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