关闭隐式事务

Question

我想使用 select 进行插入操作，但我知道某些行可能会失败（这是意料之中的）。有没有办法关闭 SQL Server 2008 的隐式事务，让没有失败的事务不回滚？

-- get the count of the customers to send the sms to
SELECT @count = COUNT(*)
FROM PreCampaignCustomer
WHERE Processed = 0 AND CampaignID = @campaignid 
AND ErrorCount < 5

WHILE (@count > 0)
BEGIN
    DECLARE @customerid INT,
            @carrierid INT,
            @merchantcustomerid INT,
            @smsnumber NVARCHAR(50),
            @couponcode NVARCHAR(20)

    SELECT TOP 1 @customerid = pcc.CustomerID, @merchantcustomerid = pcc.MerchantCustomerID,
    @carrierid = c.CarrierID, @smsnumber = c.SMSNumber 
    FROM PreCampaignCustomer pcc
    INNER JOIN Customer c ON c.ID = pcc.CustomerID
    WHERE pcc.Processed = 0 AND pcc.CampaignID = @campaignid
    AND pcc.ErrorCount < 5
    ORDER BY pcc.ErrorCount

    --set the couponcode    
    IF @couponlength = -1 
    BEGIN
        SET @couponcode = 'NOCOUPON'
    END
    ELSE
    BEGIN
        EXEC [GenerateCouponCode]
        @length = 9,
        @couponcode = @couponcode OUTPUT
    END

    BEGIN TRY
        --use try/catch just in case the coupon code is repeated or any other error

        --Set the coupon text
        DECLARE @coupontext NVARCHAR(200),
                @smsrequestxml XML


        IF @coupontypecode = 1 --NONE
        BEGIN 
            SET @coupontext = @merchantname + ': ' + @smsmessage + ', Use Code: ' + dbo.FormatCouponCode(@couponcode, @couponcodegrouping) + '. Reply STOP to quit'
        END
        ELSE
        BEGIN
            SET @coupontext = @merchantname + ': ' + @smsmessage + '. Reply STOP to quit'
        END

        EXEC GetSMSRequest @config = @smsconfig, 
                    @smsType = 1, --Submit
                    @address = @smsnumber,
                    @carrierID = @carrierid,
                    @message = @coupontext,
                    @xml = @smsrequestxml OUTPUT

        BEGIN TRAN
            --create the CampaignCustomer record
            INSERT INTO CampaignCustomer
            (CampaignID, CustomerID, CouponCode, Active)
            VALUES
            (@campaignid, @customerid, @couponcode, 1)

            --Add the record to the queue
            INSERT INTO SMSQueue
            (CarrierID, [Address], [Message], TimeToSend, RequestXML, QueueID, HTTPStatusCode, Retries)
            VALUES
            (@carrierid, @smsnumber, @coupontext, @timetosend, @smsrequestxml, @queueid, 0, 0)

            --Create Outgoing SMS Log
            INSERT INTO SMSOutgoingLog
            (MerchantID, MerchantGroupID, MessageTypeCode, CreatedDate, Active)
            VALUES 
            (@merchantid, @merchantgroupid, @messagetypecode, GETDATE(), 1)

            --Update the LastSentSMSTime of the MerchantCustomer
            UPDATE MerchantCustomer
            SET LastSentSMS = GETDATE(),
            ModifiedDate = GETDATE()
            WHERE ID = @merchantcustomerid

            UPDATE PreCampaignCustomer
            SET Processed = 1,
            ModifiedDate = GETDATE()
            WHERE CustomerID = @customerid 
            AND CampaignID = @campaignid
        COMMIT TRAN
    END TRY
    BEGIN CATCH
        ROLLBACK TRAN

        -- Set the error
        UPDATE PreCampaignCustomer
        SET ErrorCount = ErrorCount + 1,
        ModifiedDate = GETDATE(),
        ErrorMessage = ERROR_MESSAGE(),
        ErrorNumber = ERROR_NUMBER()
        WHERE CustomerID = @customerid 
        AND CampaignID = @campaignid
    END CATCH

    SELECT @count = COUNT(*)
    FROM PreCampaignCustomer
    WHERE Processed = 0 AND CampaignID = @campaignid 
    AND ErrorCount < 5
END

Answer 1

不，INSERT 是单个命令。事务控制如何将多个命令组合成单个工作单元，而不是控制行在单个命令中的组合方式。你不能有一些行 INSERT 和那些失败的行（一些约束问题）而被忽略。如果任何行失败，则整个 INSERT 失败。

为什么不尝试修改 SELECT 以排除将失败的行？

类似：

INSERT INTO YourTable
        (col1, col2, col3)
    SELECT
        colA, colB, ColC
        FROM YourOtherTable
        WHERE ColA NOT IN (SELECT col1 FROM YourTable)

Answer 2

开箱即用，如果您使用 SSIS 来执行此操作，您可以将失败的行发送到不同的路径，或者直接将它们丢弃。

Answer 3

您可能正在考虑唯一索引的 IGNORE_DUP_KEY 属性。

请参阅 IGNORE_DUP_KEY 上的 this related SO question 和 the official MSDN article。

您必须使用 ALTER INDEX 来添加此属性，或者（如果唯一约束在主键上）删除并重新创建它。

一旦完成，任何插入都应该只拒绝无效行而不是整个批次。

Answer 4

可以使用 SET XACT_ABORT OFF (ON) 控制交易行为 -- more here。