【发布时间】:2018-12-26 19:09:29
【问题描述】:
我的函数 bst_insert_node() 出现分段错误。 Left 是节点的左“子”,其电话值始终小于其父节点。 Right 是节点的右“子节点”,它始终具有比其父节点更大的 phone 值。 Bst 代表二叉搜索树。我的主要功能在另一个文件中。主要问题应该是我的函数bst_insert_node()。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "introprog_telefonbuch.h"
// Adds a node with the given phone number (phone) and the name of the owner of that phone number
// into the binary search tree.
void bst_insert_node(bstree* bst, unsigned long phone, char *name) {
bst_node* new = malloc(sizeof(bst_node));
name = malloc(sizeof(char) *MAX_STR);
snprintf(name, MAX_STR, "%s",name);
new->left = NULL;
new->right = NULL;
new->parent = NULL;
new->phone = phone;
if(bst == NULL){
bst->root = new;
}
bst_node* finder = bst->root;
while(finder != NULL){
if(finder->phone == phone){
printf("This phone number already exist");
return;
}
if(phone < finder->phone){
if(finder->left == NULL){
new->parent = finder;
finder->left = new;
return;
}
finder = finder->left;
}
if(phone > finder->phone){
if(finder->right == NULL){
new->parent = finder;
finder->right = new;
return;
}
finder = finder->right;
}
}
}
// This function returns a pointer that points to the node that contains the phone
// number that is being searched. If such a phone number is non existent,
// you return NULL.
bst_node* find_node(bstree* bst, unsigned long phone) {
bst_node* finder = bst->root;
while(finder != NULL){
if(finder->phone == phone){
return finder;
}
if(finder->phone > phone){
finder = finder->left;
}
else{
finder = finder->right;
}
}
return NULL;
}
// print a sub-tree in "in-order" order
void bst_in_order_walk_node(bst_node* node) {
if (node == NULL){
return;
}
else{
bst_in_order_walk_node(node->left);
print_node(node);
bst_in_order_walk_node(node->right);
}
}
// the same as bst_in_order_walk_node just that you do it for the whole tree.
void bst_in_order_walk(bstree* bst) {
if (bst != NULL) {
bst_in_order_walk_node(bst->root);
}
}
// deletes the all sub-tree of node
void bst_free_subtree(bst_node* node) {
if(node == NULL){
return;
}
else{
bst_free_subtree(node->left);
bst_free_subtree(node->right);
free(node->name);
free(node);
}
}
// Deletes the whole tree
void bst_free_tree(bstree* bst) {
if(bst != NULL && bst->root != NULL) {
bst_free_subtree(bst->root);
bst->root = NULL;
}
}
下面是main函数和接口函数:
// Kreiert eine Benutzeroberfläche
bstree* interface(bstree *bst) {
help();
char *operation;
unsigned long phone;
char *name;
read_line_context in;
open_stdin(&in);
printf("> ");
while (read_line(&in, &operation, &phone, &name) == 0) {
if (operation != NULL) {
if (operation[0] == '?' && phone > 0) {
find_and_print(bst, phone);
} else if (operation[0] == '+' && phone > 0 && strlen(name) > 0) {
bst_insert_node(bst, phone, name);
} else if (operation[0] == 'd') {
debug(bst);
} else if (operation[0] == 'p') {
bst_in_order_walk(bst);
} else if (operation[0] == 'q') {
break;
} else {
printf("Inkorrekte Eingabe\n\n");
help();
}
}
printf("> ");
phone = -1;
}
printf("Exiting...\n");
close_file(&in);
return bst;
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
// Create an empty search tree
bstree bst;
bst.root = NULL;
bst.count = 0;
if (argc != 2)
{
printf("Nutzung: %s <Dateiname>\n",argv[0]);
return 1;
}
// reading the txt file
read_file(argv[1], &bst);
// creating the interface
interface(&bst);
bst_free_tree(&bst);
return 0;
}
该程序应该获取一个包含所有电话号码和姓名的文本文件,并将其放入二叉搜索树中。我的程序正在编译,但由于某种原因,当我按“p”(按 p 应该显示“按顺序”排序的电话号码)时,没有电话号码出现,程序只是再次等待另一个输入。
【问题讨论】:
-
一个好的开始是learn how to debug your programs。
-
此外,最好了解
name = malloc(sizeof(char) *MAX_STR)后跟snprintf(name, MAX_STR, "%s",name)会发生什么。顺便说一下,后者是明确的undefined behavior。 -
if(bst == NULL){ bst->root = new; }太棒了! -
另外,在到达应该在的叶子之前不要分配新节点。然后,当您分配它时,将其返回,以便通过将结果分配给父级中的左侧或右侧,将其链接到树中。
标签: c segmentation-fault binary-tree binary-search-tree